Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 69-year-old woman presented with subacute sensory neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction of 9 months' duration, associated with high serum titers of anti-Hu antibodies. A small cell carcinoma of the lung was diagnosed by biopsy. She died after cardiorespiratory arrest. At autopsy, spinal and autonomic ganglia showed subacute inflammation with diffuse endoneurial T-cell, B-cell, and plasma cell infiltration. The cytoplasm and nuclei of some ganglion neurons displayed IgG immunocytochemical positivity. CD8+ T cells were tightly attached to, and indented the cell surface of, IgG-positive and IgG-negative neurons. This observation suggests that both cytotoxic T-cell-mediated attack against neurons and humoral mechanisms play a role in paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuronopathy.
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PMID:Ganglionitis in paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuronopathy: a morphologic study. 933 9

Paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy is a remote effect of cancer, usually associated with small cell lung carcinoma and anti-Hu antibody. This report details the case of a 59 year old woman with a breast carcinoma and a paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy characterised by chronic asymmetric sensory neuropathy. Anti-Hu antibody was not detected in her serum; nor were other known antineuronal antibodies such as anti-Ri and Yo. However, we have found an antineural antibody that reacted to a 106 kDa mouse neural antigen which has not yet been reported. Immunohistochemically, this antineural antibody bound to the posterior grey horn. This finding suggests that this antineural antibody may play an important part in the pathogenesis of the sensory neuropathy of this patient.
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PMID:A study on a new antineural antibody in a case of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy associated with breast carcinoma. 934 35

Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy (PSN) has been reported to be nonresponsive to immunotherapy or cancer therapy. We report 2 patients with anti-Hu-associated PSN who achieved sustained clinical improvement with early and aggressive immunotherapy 10-15 months before the diagnosis of small-cell lung carcinoma. Both had chronic "sensory neuronopathy plus"; in addition to sensory neuronopathy, case 1 had a motor-autonomic dysfunction with encephalopathy, and case 2 had a motor-autonomic dysfunction with swallowing difficulty. These two cases were unusual in that sustained clinical improvement was achieved with early aggressive immunotherapy before the detection of cancer and without any concomitant anticancer therapy or lowering of anti-Hu antibody titer. We believe that early and aggressive immunotherapy should be tried in any patient with anti-Hu-associated PSN, as it may induce sustained clinical improvement.
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PMID:Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy responding to early aggressive immunotherapy: report of two cases and review of literature. 984 94

Anti-Hu is a polyclonal immunoglobulin G associated with a syndrome of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy/encephalomyelitis that principally afflicts patients with small cell lung carcinoma. Anti-Hu antibodies, which identify a family of RNA-binding proteins that are normally neuron restricted and that appear to be integral to neuronal differentiation and maintenance, selectively label the nuclei (and, less strongly, the cytoplasm) of neurons throughout the human neuraxis. Small cell carcinomas of the lung and many neuroblastomas are also labeled. We screened 112 tumors of central neuroepithelial lineage for immunohistochemical evidence of Hu expression with anti-Hu immunoglobulin G that was purified from patient sera and with a recombinant Fab fragment (Fab GLN 495) selected from a patient-derived combinatorial antibody phage display library using a recombinant Hu protein (HuD). Both antibodies uniformly labeled, in addition to native neurons, the nuclei of central neurocytomas (6 of 6) and the neuronal components of "classic" (12 of 12) and desmoplastic infantile (2 of 2) gangliogliomas. Of 33 embryonal tumors, 29 were anti-Hu reactive, including 87% of medulloblastomas (26 of 30). Glial neoplasms (n = 59) were anti-Hu negative save for one "oligodendroglioma" (of 17 oligodendroglial/oligoastrocytic tumors) that may have been an extraventricular neurocytoma. Anti-Hu immunoglobulin G/Fab GLN 495 identifies neoplasms of differentiated neuronal type and embryonal tumors with neuronogenic potential.
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PMID:Anti-Hu immunolabeling as an index of neuronal differentiation in human brain tumors: a study of 112 central neuroepithelial neoplasms. 950 Feb 20

A patient had a paraneoplastic autonomic, then sensory, then sensory-motor neuropathy with small cell lung carcinoma and a high titer Anti-Hu antibody to nuclei of neuronal cells. As an unusual finding there was electrophysiological and pathological evidence of demyelination and a peripheral nerve microvasculitis. The relationship of microvasculitis and peripheral nerve demyelination is discussed and their occurrence with paraneoplastic anti-Hu-associated sensory neuropathy is suggested not to be by chance.
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PMID:Anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy with peripheral nerve demyelination and microvasculitis. 956 63

A patient with anti-Hu antibodies, small-cell lung carcinoma, and autopsy-proven subacute sensory neuropathy had early slowing of motor and sensory conduction velocities. In the peripheral nerves, chronic demyelinating and remyelinating lesions with axonal degeneration were associated with an inflammatory reaction consisting of CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages. On immunohistochemical testing, the patient's serum did not react with normal nerve, suggesting that the Hu proteins were not the target of the inflammatory reaction in the nerve.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic demyelinating neuropathy, subacute sensory neuropathy, and anti-Hu antibodies: clinicopathological study of an autopsy case. 962 44

Anti-Hu antibodies (Hu-Abs) were positive in 40 patients with paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy (PSN) and in 1 patient with idiopathic sensory neuropathy in a series of 126 patients who presented with clinical features suggestive of PSN. The specificity of Hu-Abs was 99% and the sensitivity was 82%. Nine (18%) PSN patients were Hu-Ab-negative, and their sera did not harbor other specific anti-neuronal or anti-ganglioside antibodies. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was the leading neoplasm in the Hu-Ab-positive (79%) and Hu-Ab-negative (44%) groups. This study confirms the value of Hu-Abs for the diagnosis of PSN and SCLC and also emphasizes that in patients with possible PSN, the absence of Hu-Abs does not exclude cancer, particularly in those patients with risk factors for SCLC.
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PMID:Utility of anti-Hu antibodies in the diagnosis of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy. 985 46

A 53-year-old man presented with an 8-week history of upper and lower limb paraesthesia. Neurological examination revealed a glove and stocking distribution of sensory loss. Sural nerve biopsy showed severe axonal neuropathy associated with microvasculitis. Positron-emission tomography and thoracic computed tomography helped in localising the underlying malignancy. A transbronchial biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Neuroimmunological studies identified anti-Hu antibodies and confirmed a paraneoplastic aetiology for his neuropathy. Treatment of small cell lung cancer with carboplatin and etoposide resulted in significant improvement of neurological symptoms. We report a case of a patient with SCLC and anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy with microvasculitis, and discuss the literature on prognosis of patients with SCLC with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes compared with patients with SCLC only.
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PMID:Small cell lung cancer associated with anti-Hu paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy and peripheral nerve microvasculitis: case report and literature review. 1476 59

We report here a rare case of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accompanied by a partial spontaneous regression with a progression of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy (PSN). A 55-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with dry cough and progressive numbness in the distal extremities over 1 month. She was diagnosed as small cell lung cancer associated with paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy. About 1 month later, partial spontaneous regression of tumor with a progression of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy was observed. A complete response was achieved through chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy. As the tumor size decreased, her neurological symptoms improved. A short interval between onset of PSN and the start of therapy may be essential for successful treatment for not only SCLC but also PSN.
Lung Cancer 2007 Nov
PMID:A case of spontaneous regression of small cell lung cancer with progression of paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy. 1757 97

The autoimmune disorder of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) associates with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) in 50-60% of cases. It has been postulated that patients who harbour paraneoplastic neurological syndromes such as LEMS have an improved tumour prognosis compared to other patients with the tumour but without neurological deficit. In this intermediate report of an ongoing prospective study, 100 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven SCLC underwent full neurological examination and serum was taken for autoantibody analysis. Antibodies to voltage-gated calcium channels were detected in 10 patients, however only 4 had clinical and electrophysiological features of LEMS, 1 had limbic encephalitis, whilst the remaining 5 had no neurological signs. A further 6 patients had onconeural antibodies; only one had a paraneoplastic syndrome, sensory neuropathy. The median survival of the four antibody positive LEMS patients (19.6 months) was considerably greater than that for the antibody negative (8.9 months) or antibody positive patients as a whole (10.5 months). Although preliminary, these results suggest that functionally effective antibodies present in the sera of patients with LEMS may confer a survival advantage.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic neurological autoimmunity and survival in small-cell lung cancer. 1866 41


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