Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

While advances in the diagnosis and staging of SCLC have been made over the past decade, overall therapeutic results remain essentially unchanged. However, during this time period there have been major advances in understanding the biology of this tumor cell type. The recognition of considerable heterogeneity among SCLC cells may be of prognostic importance, while the demonstration of specific growth factors, including bombesin, for this tumor type may open up new means for endocrine therapy of lung carcinoma in vivo. Over the next 5-10 yr, studies of clinical trials using specific antibodies or analogs of bombesin-like growth factors in patients with SCLC will define more clearly the role of BLI and GRP in patients with this disease.
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PMID:Bombesin: a potent mitogen for small cell lung cancer. 285 94

Carboplatin, a cisplatin analog without significant clinical nephrotoxicity, has been evaluated in the treatment of 56 patients with small cell lung carcinoma at a dose of 300-400 mg/m2 iv monthly in a phase II study. Twenty-three patients (41%) achieved a response, including five (9%) complete remissions. Of 30 previously untreated patients, 18 (60%) achieved a response, including three (10%) complete remissions. Median response duration was 4.5 months (range, 2-9). No nephrotoxicity was seen and hydration was not required. Nausea or vomiting occurred in only 24 patients (43%) and was rarely severe. Myelosuppression was dose-limiting: 20 patients (36%) developed leukopenia and eight (14%) developed thrombocytopenia, but leukopenic infections occurred in only three patients. Carboplatin is a very active new agent in the treatment of small cell lung cancer, with less toxicity and better tolerance than cisplatin. It merits further investigation in combination chemotherapy and against non-small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Carboplatin: a very active new cisplatin analog in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. 298 20

In this study, an IgM monoclonal antibody (MAb600D11) directed against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H69) was radiolabeled with iodine-131, and the biodistribution and image quality of the radiolabeled antibody was evaluated. Radiolabeling was achieved in a solid-phase system consisting of 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3a,6a-diphenylglycoluril. Labeling efficiencies and protein purification were accomplished using gel exclusion chromatography while radioimmunoreactivity was determined using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay procedure. The biodistribution of I-131-labeled MAbs was determined in Sprague-Dawley rats up to 7 days after injection. Highest organ concentrations were observed in liver (3.91 +/- 0.47 (SD) and 0.17 +/- 0.04 (SD) mean percent injected dose at 1-7 days after injections) and in thyroid (5.33 +/- 0.71 (SD) and 5.32 +/- 2.01 (SD) mean percent injected dose at 1-7 days after injection). Nude mice, bearing either a small cell lung tumor (NCI-H69) or a nonspecific tumor (adenocarcinoma), were injected with 400-800 microCi of I-131 labeled monoclonal antibody. Optimum tumor visualization was observed 2-4 days after injection with tumor concentrations as high as 10.4% of the initial injected dose. The results demonstrated that radioimmunoimaging of human small cell lung carcinoma was feasible with the tumor-specific IgM I-131-labeled MAb.
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PMID:Radioimmunoimaging of human small cell lung carcinoma with I-131 tumor specific monoclonal antibody. 298 65

Twenty-nine patients with refractory recurrent small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with cisplatin (40 mg/m2) and etoposide (200 mg/m2) each day for 3 days, repeated every 3-4 weeks. Fifteen of these patients had received etoposide in their original treatment regimen. Fifteen (52%) of all patients had a major response, as did nine (60%) of the patients with prior exposure to etoposide. Myelotoxicity was moderately severe. The median duration of responses was 3 months (range, 6-36 weeks). This study suggests synergism between cisplatin and etoposide. The toxicity seen in this heavily pretreated group of patients suggests that smaller doses be studied in this group. The synergism may be best utilized in the initial regimens against small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Cisplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy for refractory small cell carcinoma of the lung. 298 73

Small cell carcinoma of the lung has been shown to be exquisitely responsive to chemotherapy. Unfortunately, these responses are often short in duration and long-term disease-free survival is infrequent. This review of the records of all patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung treated on protocol at The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center from 1973 to 1982 showed that 25 of 225 (11.1 percent) survived two years or longer. Patients with limited disease (20 of 94) and patients with a complete response (15 of 72) had greater two-year survival than those with extensive disease (five of 131) or partial remission (eight of 104). However, 18 of the 25 long-term survivors eventually had relapses, and relapse occurred as late as eight years after diagnosis. This study further emphasizes the impressive discrepancy between the rate and magnitude of the initial response and ultimate survival in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Long-term survivors of small cell carcinoma of the lung. 299 Feb 9

Data on detection of small cell lung cancer in the course of mass screenings are presented. Small cell lung carcinoma was identified in 17.5% of all those who underwent check-ups (stage 1-1,5; stage II--16.7; stage III--30.3 and stage IV--51.5%).
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PMID:[Role of ambulatory care in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer]. 299 87

Tissue samples from 59 patients with lung cancer have been used to establish cell lines in culture. The primary diagnosis was small cell carcinoma in all except four. Most of the samples were of bone marrow but pleural effusions, lymph node biopsies and skin metastases were also included. The samples were usually split between HITES serum-free medium and HITES plus 2.5% foetal calf serum. A total of 19 cell lines were established and characterised. One line is large cell anaplastic lung carcinoma, four are B-lymphoblastoid and fourteen are small cell lung cancer. Considerable heterogeneity in gross morphology, neuroendocrine differentiation (by electron microscopy) and content of the enzyme L-dopa decarboxylase was seen. The use of HITES plus 2.5% foetal calf serum resulted in better establishment of cultures than did serum-free HITES.
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PMID:Establishment and characterisation of cell lines from patients with lung cancer (predominantly small cell carcinoma). 299 22

Six of 796 patients treated with intensive combination chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the lung developed overt acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (three patients) or preleukemia with severe refractory cytopenia and clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in bone marrow cells (three patients). The latent period to development of preleukemia or leukemia was less than two years in four of the six patients. The cumulative risk of preleukemia and leukemia according to a Kaplan-Meier estimate was 14.0% +/- 6.9% (mean +/- SE) four years after the start of treatment. The relative risk of overt ANLL was 77, since three cases were observed v 0.039 cases expected, based on the age- and sex-specific incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in the general Danish population. The risk of secondary solid tumors was not increased. The possible causes of the exceptionally early appearance and very high cumulative risk of leukemic complications found in the present study, as compared to previous experience in other malignant diseases, is discussed, including the implications for future therapy of patients with small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, preleukemia, and solid tumors following intensive chemotherapy of small cell carcinoma of the lung. 299 12

Carboplatin, a cisplatin analogue without significant nephrotoxicity, was used as a single agent in the treatment of 56 patients with small cell lung carcinoma at a dose of 300-400 mg/m2 i.v. monthly. Twenty-three patients (41%) achieved a response including 5 (9%) complete remissions. Eighteen (60%) of 30 previously untreated patients achieved a response. The drug was well tolerated with nausea or vomiting in only 43% of patients and no nephrotoxicity was seen. Myelosuppression was dose limiting and 39% of patients developed leukopenia. In a subsequent study carboplatin in a dose of 300 mg/m2 was used in combination with etoposide 100 mg/m2 i.v. days 1-3, repeating monthly for 4 courses. So far 32 (89%) of 36 evaluable patients have achieved a response. In patients with limited disease 20/23 patients (87%) have responded including 7 (30%) complete remissions. Leukopenia was dose limiting and occurred in 83% of patients. Carboplatin is a highly active new drug in the treatment of small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:Carboplatin (JM8) as a single agent and in combination in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. 300 24

Concentrations of creatine kinase (CK) B subunit (CK-B) in tumor tissues and in sera of patients with various lung carcinomas were determined, together with the concentrations of neuron-specific gamma-enolase (gamma subunit of a gamma and gamma gamma enolases), by the use of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay method. The CK-B and gamma-enolase levels were enhanced in tissues of small cell carcinoma of the lung. The average tissue contents of CK-B in small cell carcinoma (SCCL), adenocarcinoma (ADCL) and squamous cell carcinoma (ECCL) of the lung, and normal lung were 2320, 308, 163, and 372 ng/mg protein, respectively. The contents of gamma-enolase in those tissues were 1460, 276, 225, and 42.7 ng/mg protein, respectively. Serum CK-B concentrations in healthy adults (n = 100) were 0.53 +/- 0.22 ng/ml and ranged from 0.25 to 1.44 ng/ml, but they were significantly increased (greater than 1.5 ng/ml) in some patients with SCCL (26/42 cases, 62%), ADCL (7/36, 19%), ECCL (7/37, 19%), and large cell carcinoma of the lung (LCCL, 4/13, 31%). Serum CK-B was also enhanced in some patients with breast carcinoma and in a few cases in carcinomas of the stomach, colon and pancreas. Serum concentrations of CK-B were well correlated with those of gamma-enolase in patients with SCCL (r = 0.667, n = 83, P less than 0.01) and LCCL (r = 0.689, n = 20, P less than 0.01), but poorly in patients with ADCL and ECCL. Since serum CK-B concentrations in patients with SCCL changed in parallel with the clinical course during treatment, serum CK-B may also be a useful biomarker, as well as neuron-specific gamma-enolase, for monitoring the clinical course of patients with SCCL.
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PMID:Creatine kinase B subunit as a biomarker for small cell carcinoma of the lung: comparison with gamma-enolase. 300 8


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