Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of systemic chemotherapy (CDDP + IFO + 5-FU or CDDP + IFO + CPT-11) was evaluated in 41 patients with malignant pleural effusion secondary to adenocarcinoma of the lung. The overall response rate for measurable disease was 56.1%. The response for pleural effusion was evaluated according to the criteria of the Japan Lung Cancer Society. The overall response for pleural effusion was 53.7% (34.1% CR and 19.5% PR). The median survival time was 361 days. These results suggested that systemic chemotherapy is an effective treatment for pleuritis carcinomatosa.
 ...
PMID:[Efficacy of systemic chemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the lung with pleuritis carcinomatosa]. 935 Feb 47

The extended surgery for T4 lung carcinoma was reviewed. From literature in the last decade, the 5-year survival rate has been under 10% worldwide. However a more favorable prognosis will be expected nowadays because of the progress of perioperative intensive care and appearance of effective anticancerous agents for induction chemotherapy. We compared the results of surgery for T4 lung carcinoma from 1978 to 1989, to those from 1992 to 1997. The 3 and 5-year survivals in the former period were 6.8% respectively, however in the latter period the 3-year survival rate rose to 24.6%. In patients with T4, the prognoses are different according to the involved organs by lung carcinoma. Generally, combined resection of the trachea, carina, descending aorta and left atrium show better prognoses compared to that of the esophagus and liver. We consider that malignant pleural effusion with N2 should not be the object for panpleuropneumonectomy. In our series from 1992 to 1997 median survival time (MST) of T4 with N0 or N1 was 25.5 months, on the other hand MST with N2 or N3 was 14.2 months. Histologically patients with squamous cell carcinoma showed a better prognosis than those with adenocarcinoma. From these results, in the extended operation for T4 we may expect more favorable prognoses in cases with involvements of the trachea, carina, aorta and left atrium, and with N0 or N1, histologically squamous cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Extended operation for T4 lung carcinoma. 966 Sep 7

The International Staging System for Lung Cancer has been revised recently. Important changes have been made to allow better correlation of prognoses and direction of management. The classification of synchronous pulmonary nodules in the same lobe as the primary tumor as T4 stage IIIB may imply a poorer outcome than is warranted, while the designation of a similar stage for malignant pleural effusion may not be reflective of the very poor prognosis associated with this extent of disease.
 ...
PMID:The 1997 International Staging System for non-small cell lung cancer: have all the issues been addressed? 992 91

N2-[(N-acetylmuramoyl)-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl]-N6-stearoyl-L-lysine (MDP-Lys (L18), romurtide) is a synthetic muramyl dipeptide derivative, and has immunomodulating activities including activation of cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage. We examined the effect of intrapleural instillation of MDP-Lys (L18) against malignant pleurisy associated with lung cancer. Six patients with cytologically-positive malignant pleural effusion (four with adenocarcinoma, one with small cell carcinoma and one with large cell carcinoma) were treated with single intrapleural instillation of MDP-Lys (L18) of 200 microg. Clinically, no reaccumulation of pleural effusion for at least 4 weeks was observed in four patients. No major side effects were observed. Total cell number elevated remarkably 4 h after instillation, and main increased population was that of neutrophils. Levels of chemotactic cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6, elevated in pleural effusion, and peak IL-1beta and IL-6 levels tended to be higher in clinical responders than non-responders. These results suggest MDP-Lys (L18) instilled by intrapleural route had a potential local immunomodulatory activity. Further study is warranted to further determine the critical factors which correlate with the clinical response.
Lung Cancer 2000 Feb
PMID:Intrapleural therapy with MDP-Lys (L18), a synthetic derivative of muramyl dipeptide, against malignant pleurisy associated with lung cancer. 1068 89

Malignant pleural effusion (PE) is associated with advanced human lung cancer. We found recently, using a nude mouse model, that vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) is responsible for PE induced by non-small cell human lung carcinoma cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic potential of a VEGF/VPF receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation inhibitor, PTK 787, against PE formed by human lung adenocarcinoma (PC14PE6) cells. PTK 787 did not affect the in vitro proliferation of PC14PE6 cells, whereas it specifically inhibited proliferation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells stimulated by VEGF/VPF. A specific platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, CGP57148 (used as a control because PTK 787 also inhibits platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases), had no effect on proliferation of PC14PE6 or human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. i.v. injection of PC14PE6 cells into nude mice produced lung lesions and a large volume of PE containing a high level of VEGF/VPF. Oral treatment with CGP57148 had no effect on PE or lung metastasis. In contrast, oral treatment with PTK 787 significantly reduced the formation of PE but not the number of lung lesions. Furthermore, treatment with PTK 787 significantly suppressed vascular hyperpermeability of PE-bearing mice but did not affect the VEGF/VPF level in PE or expression of VEGF/VPF protein and mRNA in the lung tumors of PC14PE6 cells in vivo. These findings indicate that PTK 787 reduced PE formation mainly by inhibiting vascular permeability, suggesting that this VEGF/VPF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor could be useful for the control of malignant PE.
 ...
PMID:Treatment for malignant pleural effusion of human lung adenocarcinoma by inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation. 1074 21

The presence of malignant pleural effusion in patients with non-small cell bronchogenic cancer has a poor prognostic significance and is indicative of advanced disease (T4, IIIB). The present study will investigate the role of cytology and identify the various cellular components seen in thoracic washings, in the absence of an effusion, and will identify the potential pitfalls in diagnosing these specimens. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values will be determined, as well as the associated predictive factors. From November 1996 to July 1997, 96 thoracic washings were performed on 44 patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung prior to and following resection. The specimens were processed routinely. To assess the false-negative or false-positive cases, all cases were rescreened and then correlated with the surgical pathology. Seven (15.9%) patients had positive findings detected on the pre- and/or postresection thoracic washings. One (2.3%) patient had a negative preresection, but cytologically atypical cells were found on the postresection. Thirty-six (81.8%) patients had negative pre- and postresection thoracic washings. There were no false-positive diagnoses in the study; however, two false-negative diagnoses were made. The finding of positive cytology in 7 of 44 (15.9%) patients appears significant. Thoracic washings may provide evidence of cancer beyond the pleura in patients without pleural effusion which may be indicative of advanced disease.
 ...
PMID:Pre- and postresection thoracic washings in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung: a cytological study of 44 patients without pleural effusion. 1078 40

Pleural effusion is a common diagnostic problem. The analysis of serum and body fluids for tumor markers has been intensively applied to clinical diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the usefulness of simultaneous quantification of carbohydrate antigen 19.9, carbohydrate antigen 125, neuron specific enolase, mucinous-carcinoma-associated antigen, and ferritin in samples of pleural fluids in the malign pleural effusion and its differentiation from benign effusions. A total of 61 pleural effusions were collected from the patients, who were subjected either to simple needle aspiration or to tube drainage for the diagnosis of pleural effusion. Tumor markers were determined in benign patient groups with nonspecific pleurisy, tuberculous pleurisy, empyema, congestive heart failure and in malignancy groups consisting of adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, mesothelioma, epidermoid lung cancer. The tumor markers CA-19.9, CA-125, NSE, and ferritin levels were quantified by the sandwich assay using the streptavidin technology of ELISA in an ES-300 Boehringer-Mannheim analyser. MCA was measured by employing a two-side solid phase EIA method. MCA measurements were done by the Cobas-Core. For all patients, the effusions correctly or incorrectly identified by the different procedures as being malignant or nonmalignant are defined as true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative, the term 'positive' referring to histologically proven malignant pleural effusion while nonmalignant effusions are referred to as 'negative'. Therefore, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were defined as diagnostic parameters. The cut-off values calculated were 352 U/ml for CA-125, 54 U/ml for CA-19.9, 555 for ferritin, 11.1 for MCA and 8.7 for NSE. In our study, the highest sensitivity is found to be MCA with 100%; specificity, CA-19.9 with 97%; PPV, CA-19.9 and MCA with 95% and NPV, MCA with 100%. Our data imply that the co-measurement of MCA+CA-19.9+CA-125 levels may further improve their diagnostic value in malignant pleural effusion compared with that of each tumour marker alone and may be useful in distinguishing malignant from benign pleural effusions.
 ...
PMID:Diagnostic usefulness of tumour marker levels in pleural effusions of malignant and benign origin. 1095 62

The present study was designed to ascertain whether or not the pleural effusion and serum cytokine levels (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], interleukin-10 [IL-10], and interferon-gamma [IFN gamma]) in lung cancer patients differ from tuberculous (TB) pleural effusion, in which a strong cellular immune reaction is found; and, whether cytokine levels are a prognostic factor in lung cancer patients with malignant effusion. A total of 202 lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion and 26 patients with TB pleural effusion were studied consecutively between 1995 and 1998. Serum and effusion cytokine levels were analyzed with ELISA assays. The results showed that pleural effusion GM-CSF and IL-10 levels were significantly higher than serum levels in both cancer and TB patients. Pleural effusion IFN gamma levels were significantly higher than serum levels in TB patients. IFN gamma levels in both pleural effusion and serum were significantly higher in TB patients than in those with cancer. No significant difference was found, between TB and cancer patients, in the serum or pleural effusion levels of either IL-10 or GM-CSF. The ratio of pleural effusion IFN gamma to serum IFN gamma, effusion IFN gamma to effusion IL-10, and effusion IL-10 to serum IL-10, were all significantly higher in TB than in cancer patients, suggesting a higher cellular activity and T-helper 1 (Th1) reaction in TB pleural effusion than in malignant effusions, which were predominantly Th2 type. Survival analysis showed no significant difference in lung cancer patients with different levels of these cytokines. It was concluded that lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion had poorer immune profiles than those with TB pleurisy, both locally and systemically; and the cytokine profiles were not prognostic factors for lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion.
Lung Cancer 2001 Jan
PMID:An analysis of cytokine status in the serum and effusions of patients with tuberculous and lung cancer. 1116 63

Surgery is usually not indicated for malignant pleural effusion (PE) due to its poor prognosis. However, PE is first detected at thoracotomy, and it is difficult to judge an appropriate mode of resection. Forty-nine patients with lung cancer were first diagnosed as PE and/or pleural dissemination (PD) at thoracotomy. The histological types were 36 adenocarcinoma, ten squamous cell carcinoma and three large cell carcinoma. Sixteen patients had only PE, 17 had only PD, and 16 had both PE and PD. Ten patients underwent only exploratory thoracotomy, seven partial resection, 27 lobectomy and five panpleuropneumonectomy. The overall survival rate was 26.7% at 3 years. The patients with PE and/or PD seemed to have a poorer survival compared to our previous study. The patients with only PE showed a significantly better prognosis than the patients with only PD (P=0.0001) or with PD+PE (P=0.019). The patients who underwent exploratory thoracotomy showed poor survival. There were significant differences in the survival in relation to the extent of the primary tumor. In conclusion, the patients with T1-2 of primary tumor and only a small amount of PE without PD can be expected to show long-term survival after tumor resection.
Lung Cancer 2001 Oct
PMID:The prognostic significance of malignant pleural effusion at the time of thoracotomy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. 1155 16

In this study, we investigated the generation of dendritic cells (DCs) from blood monocytes and mature macrophages from untreated primary lung cancer patients. Blood monocytes were separated by adherence from blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from ten lung cancer patients and ten control subjects, and cultured for 7 days in medium with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin (IL-) 4. In all cases examined, DCs with typical characteristics were obtained even in lung cancer patients after 7 days culture with these cytokines, and there was no significant difference in phenotype and stimulatory activity in allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation between DCs derived from monocytes from lung cancer patients and those from control subjects. Next, we examined whether alveolar and pleural macrophages in malignant pleural effusion separated by magnetic beads could differentiate to immunostimulatory DCs. Conventional culture conditions with GM-CSF and IL-4 did not induce efficient numbers of DCs from mature macrophages, whereas the addition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) to GM-CSF and IL-4 effectively contributed to generate DCs. These findings suggest that both mature macrophages and blood monocytes from lung cancer patients could differentiate to DCs, and might be a useful source of DCs for immunotherapy.
Lung Cancer 2001 Nov
PMID:Efficient generation of dendritic cells from alveolar and pleural macrophages as well as blood monocytes in patients with lung cancer. 1167 78


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>