Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of radiocolloid liver scanning as a routine diagnostic procedure to detect liver metastases has been declining as the most effective uses of this test have become better appreciated. Liver scanning to detect hepatic metastases appears to have the greatest efficacy in two circumstances. The first is as a staging procedure in malignancies that metastasize to the liver early, before being suspected clinically or liver function parameters alter. Such malignancies include gastric carcinoma, Wilms' tumor, small cell carcinoma of the lung, and rhabdomyosarcoma. The second effective use of liver scanning is as a confirmatory test in patients with known malignancy who develop abnormal levels of serum liver enzymes, carcinoembryonic antigen titer, hepatomegaly, ascites, or jaundice.
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PMID:Efficacy of liver scanning in malignant diseases. 609 64

Cardiac tamponade resulting from malignant pericardial effusion is an uncommon initial presentation of various extracardiac malignancies. Only twenty-nine cases of extracellular malignancies with this initial presentation have been previously published. Lung carcinoma leads as the most common malignancy involved, followed by carcinoma of the stomach, pancreas, kidney and ovary, mediastinal rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant lymphoma and leukemia. This report describes a case of breast carcinoma in a 47-year-old woman who initially presented with cardiac tamponade. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no similar case has even been reported in the literature.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade due to malignant pericardial effusion in breast cancer: a case report. 628 Aug 49

We have studied the induction of a granulocyte-associated leukocytosis (leukemoid reaction) in C3HA, C57B1/6, and DBA/2 mice by a number of transplantable tumors of different origin. Leukemia L1210, Hepatoma 22, a transplantable mammary carcinoma of spontaneous C3HA origin, and a L929 culture fibroblasts-derived rhabdomyosarcoma, all induced a leukemoid reaction in their specific mouse strain. Melanoma B16 and Lewis lung carcinoma gave no reaction; Adenocarcinoma 755 and Harding-Passey melanoma evoked a leukocytosis but not due to an increase in neutrophils. Some extratumoral factors can influence the hematological response; the intensity of final leukemoid reaction was higher in female mice than in males bearing the same tumor. On the other hand, Ehrlich ascites tumor transplanted in all three inbred mouse strains rendered different levels of leukemoid reaction; response was higher in DBA/2, intermediate in C3HA and lower in C57B1/6.
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PMID:Leukemoid reaction induced by different transplantable tumors in three inbred mouse strains. 707 May 57

We reported previously that the adenovirus E1a gene reversed the transformed phenotype of one human melanoma and one fibrosarcoma cell line (S. Frisch, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 9077-9081, 1991). To determine the generality of the tumor suppression effects of E1a, a diversity of tumor cell lines, including A204 rhabdomyosarcoma, RD rhabdomyosarcoma, Saos-2 osteosarcoma, NCI-H23 non-small cell lung carcinoma, MDA-MB435S breast carcinoma, and ras-transformed MDCK kidney epithelial cells, were infected with a retrovirus bearing the 12S E1a coding sequence. We demonstrate here that the expression of E1a severely reduced the anchorage-independent and tumorigenic growth of these cell lines without affecting their growth under normal culture conditions. The parental tumor cells used in this study did not overexpress c-erbB-2/neu, and E1a did not affect its expression in these cells. Thus, tumor suppression by E1a can operate in a wide variety of human tumor cells by c-erbB-2/neu-independent mechanisms. E1a also sensitized these cell lines to the cytotoxic effects of the anticancer drugs etoposide and cisplatin. The results suggest that E1a could prove useful for the gene therapy of a wide variety of human cancers.
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PMID:Adenovirus E1a-mediated tumor suppression by a c-erbB-2/neu-independent mechanism. 758 33

Sarcomatoid carcinomas of the lung are uncommon malignant biphasic tumors composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. The carcinomatous component is usually a squamous carcinoma, and the sarcomatous component usually resembles a fibrosarcoma or a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The presence of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in such neoplasms is exceedingly rare, with only seven documented cases. This report describes a unique case of sarcomatoid carcinoma in a 52-year-old woman in whom the sarcomatous component of the tumor was a rhabdomyosarcoma and the carcinomatous component was an atypical carcinoid. The authors know of no previous report of a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung in which the carcinomatous component is a carcinoid.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung. A case with atypical carcinoid and rhabdomyosarcomatous components. 808 61

The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays an important role in normal development. Many variants of NCAM are generated through post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. These variants are tissue-specific and their expression is developmentally regulated. NCAM is also re-expressed in a number of human tumours, including neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms' tumour and Ewing's sarcoma. We have characterized the NCAM variants associated with rhabdomyosarcoma. Polysialylated NCAMs are present in this tumour and, after neuraminidase treatment, they resolve into 2 bands of 140 and 120 kDa. These data were corroborated by Northern-blot analysis where mRNA species of 6.7 and 5.5 kb are detected. These mRNA code for the 140- and 120-kDa NCAM proteins respectively. PCR analysis shows that the previously described VASE mini-exon is also present in NCAM found in rhabdomyosarcoma. The VASE mini-exon, spliced at exon 7-8 junctions, has previously been detected in neural and heart NCAM, as well as in NCAMs found in human small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). DNA sequencing confirmed that the VASE mini-exon in rhabdomyosarcoma is identical to that found in neuroblastoma and SCLC.
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PMID:Vase mini-exon usage by NCAM is not restricted to tumours of neuroectodermal origin. 832 6

Patients with vitiligo have been found to have circulating antibodies to pigment cells. To evaluate the functional activity of these antibodies, a highly sensitive europium release assay was used to compare complement-mediated cytolysis of human melanocytes by sera of 56 patients with vitiligo (20 with active disease, 25 with inactive disease, 11 with unidentified disease activity) and 47 control individuals. Significant melanocyte lysis was mediated by 32 (57%) of the patients with vitiligo but by only three (6%) of the control sera (p < 0.001), and by 17 (85%) of 20 patients with active vitiligo versus 11 (44%) of 25 patients with inactive disease (p < 0.025). Mean melanocyte lysis by vitiligo sera was 24% versus 6% by control sera (p < 0.0001). A subset of 12 vitiligo sera with high titers of cytolytic antibodies to melanocytes (34% mean cytolysis) reacted minimally (< 2% mean cytolysis) to a panel of control cells that included human and murine melanomas, human fibroblasts, lung carcinoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. These findings indicate that antibodies present in patients with vitiligo have the functional ability to selectively kill melanocytes and are more common in active disease. These observations support, but do not prove, the hypothesis that vitiligo is an autoimmune disease and that anti-pigment cell antibodies have a role in inducing the disease.
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PMID:Cytolytic antibodies to melanocytes in vitiligo. 849 21

Photosensitizing and biodistribution characteristics of a photosensitizer (benzoporphyrin derivative, monoacid ring A; BPD) conjugated to a macromolecule (modified polyvinyl alcohol; M-PVA, molecular weight = 10,000) were tested in vitro and in vivo. Modified PVA was loaded with BPD at molar ratios 1:12, 1:25, 1:50, 1:75 and 1:100. Most of the work was carried out with a conjugate having a 1:25 molar ratio. In vitro photosensitization was tested using A549 (human lung carcinoma), A432 (human epidermoid carcinoma) and P815 (mastocytoma of DBA/2 mice) cell lines. Photosensitization of M1 (rhabdomyosarcoma of DBA/2 mice) tumors was tested in an in vivo/in vitro assay, in which tumor-bearing mice were injected intravenously with free or conjugated 3H-BPD and 3 h later light activation of tumor cells was carried out in vitro. Biodistribution studies were carried out using M1 tumor-bearing DBA/2 mice and 3H-BPD either free or conjugated to M-PVA. The results of these studies showed that the conjugation of BPD to M-PVA resulted in the formation of a macromolecular photosensitizer that retained full photosensitizing activity of the photosensitizer molecules and at the same time gained new characteristics, advantageous for photodynamic treatment, especially in vivo. In vitro M-PVA-BPD conjugates were at least as efficient in photosensitization of tumor cells as an equivalent number of free BPD molecules, both in the presence and in the absence of serum. Although the biodistribution was in general comparable to free BPD, the conjugate (1:25) reached slightly higher levels in the blood, kidney, lung and spleen, and lower levels in the liver, brain, skin and muscle in comparison with free BPD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Modified polyvinyl alcohol-benzoporphyrin derivative conjugates as phototoxic agents. 850 92

We previously have reported on an experimental athymic mouse model in which regression of human Burkitt's lymphoma is induced by either coinjection with or intratumor inoculation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized human B cells. In the current study, we were interested in determining whether the powerful antitumor effects of EBV-immortalized B cells could be effective against a variety of human tumors grown in athymic mice, including acute lymphocytic leukemia, malignant melanoma, acute promyelocytic leukemia, neuroblastoma, lung carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, Wilms tumor, Hodgkin's lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and breast adenocarcinoma. We report here the results of experiments in nude mice that demonstrated the potent antitumor effect of EBV-immortalized B cells against human tumors derived from a variety of different tissues.
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PMID:Regression of experimental human leukemias and solid tumors induced by Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells. 853 18

Metastasis to the breast is uncommon, with an incidence of 0.5-3%. Alveolar soft part sarcoma is rare, accounting for < 1% of malignant soft tissue tumors, which are themselves unusual. Excluding contralateral breast and hematologic malignant disease, the primary lesion in most cases of metastasis to the breast is melanoma, small cell carcinoma of the lung, or ovarian carcinoma, although rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary tumor in children. We describe a 26-year-old woman with no history of malignant disease who presented with two masses in the right breast that clinical evaluations and ultrasonography indicated were fibroadenomas. Pathological studies after excisional biopsy, however, indicated alveolar soft part sarcoma. Subsequent computed tomography showed the primary tumor in the anterior left thigh and multiple bilateral lung metastases. Because of the presence of distant metastases, the patient was treated with chemotherapy.
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PMID:Alveolar soft part sarcoma metastatic to the breast. 860 50


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