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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of the adult respiratory distress syndrome developed after limited resection for lung carcinoma. No other known precipitants were evident. The adult respiratory distress syndrome is a clinical expression of acute lung injury that may arise from various insults and include air and blood borne factors. Tumour related blood borne factors may have contributed to lung injury in these cases.
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PMID:Adult respiratory distress syndrome after limited resection of adenocarcinoma of the lung. 225 24

Diseases associated with asbestos exposure include asbestosis, malignant mesothelioma, carcinoma of the lung, and parietal pleural plaques. In this study the asbestos content of lung tissue was examined in groups of cases representing each of these diseases and in several cases with non-occupational idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Asbestos bodies (AB), which are the hallmark of asbestos exposure, were present in the lungs of virtually everyone in the general population and present at increased levels in individuals with asbestos associated diseases. The highest numbers of AB occurred in individuals with asbestosis, all of whom had levels greater than or equal to 2000 ABs/g wet lung tissue. Every case with a content of 100,000 ABs/g or higher had asbestosis. Intermediate levels occurred in individuals with malignant mesothelioma and the lowest levels in patients with parietal pleural plaques. There was no overlap between the asbestos content of lung tissue from patients with asbestosis and those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lung cancer was present in half the patients with asbestosis, and the distribution of histological patterns did not differ from that in patients with lung cancer without asbestosis. The asbestos body content in patients with lung cancer was highly variable. Control cases had values within our previously established normal range (0-20 ABs/g). There was a significant correlation (p less than 0.001) between AB counted by light microscope and AB and uncoated fibres counted by scanning electron microscopy. The previous observation that the vast majority of asbestos bodies isolated from human tissues have an amphibole core was confirmed.
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PMID:Asbestos content of lung tissue in asbestos associated diseases: a study of 110 cases. 394 58

Recent in vitro studies and animal investigation indicate that plasma leucocyte elastase (PLE) can dissolve pulmonary structural proteins, such as elastin, and produce lesions in the lung similar to that seen in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and emphysema. In contrast, heparin strongly inhibits PLE and protects elastin from elastolysis. On the basis of these findings, PLE levels were monitored in 24 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) undergoing lobectomy. Ten patients from Killingbeck Hospital (Group 1) received 5000 IU subcutaneous (s.c.) heparin commenced 2 h prior to surgery and continued at 8 h intervals until the patient was fully ambulatory. Fourteen patients from Bradford Royal Infirmary (Group 2) received no heparin as standard policy. There was no significant difference in pre-operative PLE levels between groups. The post operative PLE levels in both groups increased significantly (P < 0.02) on the first post operation day (POD). However, PLE levels of Group 2 were 2.5 to 5.3 times higher than those of Group 1 at each postoperative interval (first, third, and seventh POD) respectively (0.002 < P < 0.02). There was no difference in blood loss between groups (P = 0.17). These results indicate that post operative PLE activity is elevated in NSCLC patients following lobectomy and s.c. heparin administration as thromboprophylaxis may inhibit PLE activity post operatively without increasing blood loss. Therefore, heparin may have a role to play in protecting lung tissue against the pulmonary lesions caused by proteolytic activity of PLE, and theoretically reduce post-operative complications, such as ARDS or emphysema.
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PMID:Influence of heparin thromboprophylaxis on plasma leucocyte elastase levels following lobectomy for lung carcinoma. 873 46

The lung is the primary focus of complications associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and increased activation of granulocytes has been implicated in the genesis of ARDS. In the present study, plasma granulocyte elastase levels were measured in 24 patients undergoing lung resection for non-small cell lung carcinoma. Pre-, peri- and post-operative assessments of plasma elastase levels were made of patients who underwent a partial resection (lobectomy, n = 13) and patients who underwent a complete lung resection (pneumonectomy, n = 11). Preoperatively, values were similar for both patient cohorts and did not differ from those of normal volunteers. However, immediately (1 h) post-operation, elastase levels in patients who had undergone pneumonectomy were significantly elevated (300% of baseline value, P < 0.005), whereas levels were unchanged in lobectomy patients. On the 1st post-operative day (POD), elastase levels had returned to normal in pneumonectomy patients, whilst lobectomy patients now exhibited increased plasma elastase levels which remained marginally increased until the time of discharge (P < 0.05). The determinants of granulocyte activation following lung resection remain to be elucidated but may potentially relate to ischemic reperfusion in patients undergoing lobectomy, or alternatively may simply reflect the extent of manipulation, compression and contusion of lung tissue.
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PMID:Effect of type of resection on plasma granulocyte elastase levels following surgery for non-small cell lung carcinoma. 782 47

The aim of this study was to investigate the asbestos content of lung tissue in a series of patients with lung cancer and some history of asbestos exposure. This information was then correlated with demographic information, occupational and smoking history, presence or absence of pathologic asbestosis or pleural plaques, and pathologic features of the cancer. The pulmonary concentration of asbestos fibers in 234 cases of primary carcinoma of the lung was determined by means of a tissue digestion technique. Asbestos body counts were performed in 229 cases and fiber analysis by scanning electron microscopy in 221 cases. Asbestos content was recorded as total asbestos fibers, commercial amphibole fibers, noncommercial amphibole fibers, and chrysotile fibers 5 microm or greater in length per gram of wet lung tissue. The study group included 70 patients with asbestosis (Group I), 44 patients with parietal pleural plaques but without asbestosis (Group II), and 120 patients with neither (Group III). The median asbestos body content of Group I was more than 35 times greater than Group II and more than 300 times greater than Group III. The total asbestos fiber count for Group I was nearly 20 times greater than Group II and more than 50 times greater than Group III. The difference was due almost entirely to commercial amphiboles. In a series of primary lung cancer cases with some history of asbestos exposure, a markedly elevated asbestos content was identified among those with pathologic asbestosis as compared with patients with pleural plaques alone or with neither plaques nor asbestosis.
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PMID:Asbestos content of lung tissue and carcinoma of the lung: a clinicopathologic correlation and mineral fiber analysis of 234 cases. 1071 62

Near-drowning syndrome depends on the duration of submersion, the amount of fluid aspirated, and the severity of hypoxia. We report a case in which a patient developed ARDS shortly after undergoing a left upper lobectomy and a chest wall resection for a lung carcinoma. On further investigation, the ARDS was caused by near-drowning in a basin of freshwater: the patient's face was submerged by the patient's companion as part of a cultural tradition of trying to clean his lung. We believe that this case presents the etiology of freshwater near-drowning syndrome due to an ethnogenic practice not previously reported.
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PMID:Unusual freshwater near-drowning syndrome in a hospitalized postlobectomy patient. 1155 42