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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three human lung tumor-associated antigens (TAA's) have been identified in soluble and membrane-solubilized extracts of human squamous cell lung carcinoma with the use of antisera raised in rabbits. The antigens were identified and partially characterized by means of an agarose adsorption technique. These antigens, termed lung TAA's 1,2, and 3, are all soluble in 50% ammonium sulfate, are antigenically distinct, and do not cross-react with carcinoembryonic antigen or alpha-fetoprotein. Lung TAA's 1 and 2 are oncofetal antigens demonstrable in soluble extracts from 24-week-old but not from 26-week-old fetal lungs. Rabbit antibodies to these lung TAA's were not adsorbed by types A, B, and O human red blood cells, serum proteins as well as soluble or insoluble lung preparations. Of several commercial antisera to human proteins, none cross-reacted with lung TTA 1, but anti-human liver ferritin cross-reacted with lung TAA 2, and anti-human lactoferrin cross-reacted with lung TAA 3. Lung TAA 1 was partially adsorbed and cross-reacted with certain normal serum or plasma preparations used and appears to be a normal serum protein in Cohn Fraction IV-4. Lung TAA 2 and 3 appear only in lung tumor-soluble extracts, whereas the lung TAA 1 was demonstrable in soluble extracts of breast, colon, cervical and head and neck carcinoma. All may be tumor markers of value in immunodiagnosis.
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PMID:Isolation and identification of human lung tumor-associated antigens. 6 79

Immune complexes could be isolated from sera of 7 patients with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung, but not from 5 normal controls, using zonal ultracentrifugation. After ultracentrifugation, fractions containing macromolecular IgG were absorbed on a protein A-sepharose column and the immune complexes were eluted and dissociated by glycin-HCl buffer at pH 3.5. The eluates were tested for the presence of tumour-associated proteins as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), non-specific crossreacting antigen (NCA), alpha2 pregnancy associated antigen (alpha2PAG) and isoferritin. Whereas none of these tumour-associated antigens could be demonstrated, an ACTH-like activity was detected in the immune-complex fractions of 4 patients with oat-cell carcinoma, by radioimmuno- and bioassay. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis of an immune-complex fraction from a patient with Cushing syndrome showed ACTH-like activities, with mol. wt of 110,000, 75,000, 30,000 and less than 20,000 (all glycoproteins) indicating the presence of different subfractions of big ACTH.
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PMID:ACTH-like activity in immune complexes of patients with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung. 21 84

Human lung, ovarian, colonic, and renal carcinomas have been grown in mice artificially deprived of T-lymphocytes. All grew slowly and were shown to have a human karyotype even after several transplant generations. Their responses to chemotherapy were similar to the expected clinical response with the important exception of hexamethylmelamine which caused complete regression of two lung carcinomas (even when weighing up to 2.5 g at the start of treatment) and a renal carcinoma, while completely inhibiting the growth of an ovarian carcinoma and another lung carcinoma. Measurement of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels proved to be of value in assessing drug efficacy.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of human tumors in T-lymphocyte-deficient mice. 40 45

Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by radioimmunoassay was performed in per-endoscopic obtained bronchial secretion. Bronchial CEA values are higher in the case of primary carcinoma of the lung than of metastatic lung cancer or pulmonary benign disease (p less than 0.0005). More interesting is the ratio bronchial CEA/serum CEA which is much higher in primary carcinoma of the lung than in benign disease (p less than 0.0005) and lower in metastatic lung carcinoma than benign disease (p less than 0.0025). In primary carcinoma of the lung, the CEA determination seems to have a prognostic value since higher levels are reported in patients unsuccessfully treated than in treated patients with apparent remission.
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PMID:[Clinical value of the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen in bronchial secretion (author's transl)]. 46 Nov 21

Monolayer cultures have been established from a poorly differentiated carcinoma of the lung. Homogeneous cell growth and morphology have been maintained for over 18 months through more than 80 subculture passages, and the cells have been found to produce both immunoreactive calcitonin and an immunoreactive carcinoembryonic antigen-like material.
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PMID:Immunoreactive calcitonin production by human lung carcinoma cells in culture. 123 82

739 regional lymph nodes from 94 patients with stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) were studied by immunohistochemistry. These lymph nodes, contained no metastasis as assessed by conventional histopathology, were recut. A series consecutive sections from the original blocks were immunostained with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to keratins, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and human milk fat globulin membrane antigen (HMFG-2). Single tumor cells or small clusters of tumor cells, not visible on routine examination, were readily detected. The actual number of lymph nodes that contained occult tumor cells was 123 (16.6%) from 53 patients (56.4%). The majority of 102 immunostaining positive nodes were distributed in the hilar (29%) and peribronchial (25%) regions. Our data indicate that: 1. a series consecutive sections and immunohistochemistry may greatly increase the diagnostic yield of occult micrometastases in lymph nodes. 2. the high incidence of occult metastases in NSCLC may be of importance in relation to their rapid dissemination and high death rate. 3. the high frequency of occult nodal metastases in NSCLC raises questions in regard to our presently used criteria for staging, prognosis and treatment of ostensibly stage I disease. 4. perhaps resections of hilar and peribronchial lymph nodes will have an important clinical significance in prevention of wide dissemination of tumor cells.
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PMID:[An immunohistochemical study of occult micrometastases in regional lymph nodes of patients with stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma]. 128 90

A total of 21 patients with metastatic small cell carcinoma of the prostate was treated with combination chemotherapy, either following initial hormonal therapy (15) or as initial therapy (6). Of the patients 13 (62%) had pure small cell carcinoma, whereas 8 (38%) had mixed histology of small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Patients presented with a characteristic clinical picture of a large primary mass (16 cases) with a high frequency of visceral metastases to the liver (9), lungs (7) and brain (2). The majority of the patients did not have an elevated serum prostate specific antigen (1 of 14, 7%) or prostatic acid phosphatase (2 of 21, 10%). Serum carcinoembryonic antigen was elevated in 13 patients (62%). Of the 21 patients 13 (62%) responded to chemotherapy. Survival after the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the prostate resulted in a median of 9.4 months with a range of 1 to 25 months. The regimens used were those considered active in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung (vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, or etoposide and cisplatin with or without doxorubicin). Small cell carcinoma of the prostate has a characteristic clinical picture and a high response rate to cytotoxic therapy. Early introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the prostate may increase the survival rate.
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PMID:Chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of prostatic origin. 131 96

To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of simultaneous determinations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), we studied 25 patients with lung carcinoma and 12 with nonmalignant lung diseases. The measurements were made in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The results showed that positive rates with lavage CEA and SCC-Ag in lung carcinoma patients were higher in comparison with those markers in serum. The combination of lavage CEA and SCC-Ag taken together with the results of bronchoscopy (histology and cytology) showed the highest discriminating power between malignant and nonmalignant lung diseases. The sensitivity of bronchoscopy increased from 48 to 84% with at least 1 positive marker. It appears that the simultaneous determination of CEA and SCC-Ag levels in serum and BAL in lung carcinoma patients may be of considerable importance in diagnosis.
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PMID:Value of CEA and SCC-Ag in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum of patients with lung carcinoma. 133 27

With the aid of specific monoclonal antibodies, tumor tissues from 68 patients with lung cancer were examined for their expression of two small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) antigens, Fuc-GM1 (fucosyl GM1; IV2FucII3NeuAc GgOse4) and neural-cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and two broader tumor antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate cancer-associated antigen CA 50. Expression of Fuc-GM1 was seen in 75% and NCAM in 78% of the SCLC specimens, but also in 12 and 20% of non-SCLC. Either or both of these antigens were expressed in more than 90% of SCLC and in 25% of non-SCLC. CEA was found in more than 80% of SCLC and non-SCLC. Expression of CA 50 was seen in 65-68% of non-SCLC and SCLC, showing preference for SCLC and lung adenocarcinoma. In SCLC, cellular expression of Fuc-GM1 was generally seen together with NCAM and CA 50, but rarely with CEA. There was considerable inter- and intratumor heterogeneity in the expression of all four antigens. The results suggest that CEA is the antigen of choice for the detection of lung cancer regardless of histotype. In combined analysis of CEA, CA 50, Fuc-GM1 and NCAM, two patterns of antigen expression were recognized that appear to discriminate between SCLC and non-SCLC tumors, respectively. A considerable fraction of SCLC and non-SCLC tumors, however, exhibited similar patterns of antigen expression. The biological and clinical significance of these observations remains to be investigated.
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PMID:Coexpression of ganglioside antigen Fuc-GM1, neural-cell adhesion molecule, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate tumor-associated antigen CA 50 in lung cancer. 133 98

Sixteen cases of lung carcinoma with spindle cell components were studied by conventional histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. The epithelial components were squamous cell carcinoma in six cases, adenocarcinoma in four, adenosquamous carcinoma in five, and large cell carcinoma in one. In every case sarcomatous areas were distinctly observed and, in general, neoplastic spindle cells proliferated in close proximity to the epithelial elements. Some of the histochemical procedures suggested mesenchymal features in the stroma of the exophytic portions of three cases, but heterogeneous elements, such as bone or striated muscle, were not observed. By immunohistochemical examination the epithelial elements showed positive reactions for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and/or carcinoembryonic antigen to a varying degree according to the histologic types. The spindle cell elements revealed a positive immunoreaction for keratin in all but one case. Epithelial membrane antigen was demonstrated in sarcomatous areas of only five cases and carcinoembryonic antigen was not expressed at all. In contrast, vimentin was distinctly demonstrated in sarcomatous areas of five cases, although other mesenchymal markers, such as desmin, actin, and myosin, were negative. These findings indicate that the spindle cell components in these 16 cases may represent mesenchymal features with partial or complete loss of epithelial features.
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PMID:Lung carcinoma with spindle cell components: sixteen cases examined by immunohistochemistry. 142 56


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