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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Some 150 tumor specimens from 49 patients with non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung (23 epidermoid, 14 adenocarcinoma, 12 large-cell carcinoma) and three with nonneoplastic lung disease were analysed for cellular DNA content by flow cytometry. Monodispersed cells were stained with ethidium bromide and mithramycin. Normal specimens and samples from patients with nonneoplastic disease constantly yielded a single cell population with diploid DNA content. Twenty of 23 epidermoid carcinomas exhibited one or more than one aneuploid subpopulation. Ten of 12 large-cell carcinomas were characterized by one aneuploid clone and 2/12 by two aneuploid clones. Adenocarcinoma exhibited multiclonal cell subpopulations (one to five aneuploid clones). Further information has been obtained on the differential presence of clones in various tumor areas and in infiltrated lymph nodes. These tumors appear characterized by a remarkable degree of cellular heterogeneity. The cytometric ploidy level(s) and the cell population multiclonal structure yield, in comparison with, and in addition to, pathology, indications of possible clinical interest. A correlation between the clonal DNA content and a prognostic parameter such as the tumor mass doubling time has been demonstrated.
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PMID:Non-small-cell lung carcinoma: tumor characterization on the basis of flow cytometrically determined cellular heterogeneity. 631 7

Despite extensive research, the role of the commonly employed tumour markers in the diagnosis of lung carcinoma is yet to be clarified. The utility of a new marker, CYFRA 21-1, in the preoperative evaluation of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma was investigated. CYFRA 21-1 was determined with a radiometric assay in serum of 280 patients with lung cancer and 208 patients with various nonmalignant lung diseases. The levels of the marker were significantly higher in lung cancer patients. Among benign lung diseases, elevated CYFRA 21-1 levels were found in pulmonary fibrosis. Using a cut-off of 3.2 ng.ml-1 (95th percentile of levels obtained in benign lung disease), the total sensitivity of the marker was 48%. The best sensitivity was obtained in squamous cell lung cancer (60%). The highest values of CYFRA 21-1 were found in metastatic lung cancer, and the marker sensitivity was more elevated in stage IIIb and IV. On the other hand, 40% of patients with surgically resectable lung cancer had CYFRA 21-1 levels above the cut-off. We conclude that CYFRA 21-1 may be satisfactorily employed in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign lung diseases in association with other clinical and radiological data.
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PMID:CYFRA 21-1 as a tumour marker for bronchogenic carcinoma. 754 May 61

The radioimmunoassay was used to study blood serum B2-M levels in 56 patients with pulmonary diseases (lung carcinoma in 20, chronic suppurative lung disease in 20, and benign lung disease in 16 patients) before the operation and in the early postoperative period. The control group was formed of 21 practically healthy individuals. A direct correlation between the character of the course of the postoperative period in patients with benign and chronic pulmonary diseases and the dynamics of changes of immunoreactivity (IR) was found. A favorable course of the postoperative period was marked by an increase of IR, in postoperative infectious complications IR did not change. Dynamics of IR was not revealed in patients with lung carcinoma, irrespective of the course of the postoperative period.
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PMID:[B2 microglobulin in the diagnosis and prognosis of postoperative infectious complications in the pulmonary surgery]. 771 37

An experience of surgical non-thoracic emergencies in patients admitted for chronic lung disease is herein presented. Fifty-four patients out of 10457 admitted in the four Departments of Pneumology of the Binaghi Hospital (Cagliari) between 1-1-1985 and 31-3-1993, were referred to our Department of General Surgery due to non-thoracic surgical emergencies. There was a considerable delay in the referral (only 25% of patients within 12 hours from the onset of symptoms): indeed predominant respiratory symptoms, hypoxia and hypercapnia made these patients no responsive to symptoms of surgical emergency. Surgical emergencies in causal correlation with respiratory disease (intestinal occlusion due to abdominal metastases of lung carcinoma, complicated peptic ulcer) had the worst prognosis (mortality: 52.9%). Those in chance connection, such as acute limb ischemia and preexisting abdominal disease, had a less adverse outcome. Mortality, however, was 37.5%: this datum outlines the role of chronic lung disease in defining operative risk. The authors call attention to three groups of observed patients: 1) three patients were operated on for intestinal occlusion due to unrecognized abdominal neoplasia, that showed itself in the course of hospitalization in the Department of Pneumology for lung metastases; 2) in 3 cases symptoms and signs of acute abdomen were observed without abdominal disease. The cause of acute pseudoabdomen was diaphragmatic pleural or basal pulmonary inflammation; 3) the eight patients with pulmonary embolism were all admitted in the Department of Pneumology with a wrong diagnosis of bronchopneumonia.
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PMID:[Extrathoracic surgical emergencies in hospitalized patients with bronchopulmonary diseases. Analysis of the operative risk]. 780 66

In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of lavage CEA and SCC-Ag in combination with other parameters such as serum CEA and SCC-Ag, sputum and bronchial brushing cytology, we studied 30 patients with lung carcinoma and 12 with nonmalignant lung disease. All four tests combined, resulted in an increase in the predictive accuracy for diagnostic lung carcinoma to 87 per cent, a value which is much above the approximately 50 per cent level achieved by each test alone. Hence lavage CEA and SCC-Ag appears to be a useful accessory test in the diagnosis of lung carcinoma, particularly when combined with other diagnostic procedures currently in use.
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PMID:A correlative study of bronchial cytology, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum tumor markers in the diagnosis of lung carcinoma. 813 2

Most surgeons consider patients with solitary adrenal metastasis from a primary lung carcinoma incurable and avoid excision of both the adrenal and primary lung tumors. However, several cases of successful surgical management of these patients recently have been reported. We reviewed 12 surgically treated patients with isolated adrenal and lung disease and identified 2 survivors of greater than fifteen years (17%) and 4 additional patients who are still alive following combined resection (34%). This survival rate, albeit in a selected population, represents an improvement over the natural history of nine months' survival. We suggest that if after six to twelve months of following patients with lung cancer and isolated adrenal metastasis no other evidence of spread of disease is evident, the tumor biology may be favorable and resection of both adrenal and lung lesions is reasonable.
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PMID:Operative management of adrenal metastases from lung carcinoma. 825 7

To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of simultaneous determinations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and carbohydrate antigenic determinant 19-9 (CA 19-9), we studied 48 patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and 15 with nonmalignant lung disease. The combination of CEA-BAL, NSE-BAL, and NSE-serum taken together with results of bronchoscopy (histologic and cytologic) showed the highest discriminating power between malignant (SCLC) and nonmalignant lung disease. The sensitivity of bronchoscopy alone was 35%. However, when bronchoscopy results were combined with 3 positive markers, the sensitivity increased to 71%, with at least 2 positive markers to 94%, and with at least 1 positive marker to 100%. When both bronchoscopy and all 3 markers were negative, the results showed a negative predictive value of 100%.
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PMID:Usefulness of a multiple biomarker assay in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum for the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. 827 60

This paper reviews primarily the epidemiological investigations which have addressed the influence of various risk factors on the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in nonsmoking Chinese females. Indoor air pollution derived from coal burning, cooking fumes, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are considered, as are the involvement of general air pollution, diet and nutrients, and history of lung diseases. On the basis of existing data, coal burning, volatile chemicals emitted from cooking oils, and a history of lung disease are considered to significantly increase the risk of lung cancer in nonsmoking Chinese females. No associations were found between the incidence of lung cancer and exposure to ETS and outdoor air pollution. Risks for female lung cancer were negatively associated with consumption of vegetables, fruits and intake of beta-carotene and vitamin C-rich foods.
Lung Cancer 1996 Mar
PMID:Risk factors for lung cancer among nonsmokers with emphasis on lifestyle factors. 878 66

A case-control study involving 390 lung cancer cases, matched 1:1 with controls, was carried out in Guangdong Province to compare risk factors for different histopathologic types of lung cancer in both sexes. Female and male lung cancers appear to differ in epidemiological characteristics, pathologic types, and risk factors. The 291 lung cancer cases in males were predominantly squamous cell lung carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma = 1:0.5), whereas the 99 female lung cancer cases were predominantly adenocarcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma = 1:2.7). The age at which lung cancer was first diagnosed was lower for females than for males (P < 0.0001). Single-factor conditional logistic regression analysis showed an association of lung cancer with family history of tumors, family history of lung cancer, history of chronic bronchitis/emphysema, history of tuberculosis, history of other lung disease, smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home and in the workplace, being professional drivers, use of oral contraceptives, and consumption of pickled and salted fish (P < 0.05). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of tuberculosis, history of chronic bronchitis/emphysema, family history of tumors, smoking, exposure to ETS in the home and in the workplace, and consumption of pickled and salted fish were independent risk factors for lung cancer. Using log-linear model analysis, it was confirmed that lung cancer had significant interactions with chronic bronchitis/emphysema, exposure to ETS, history of tuberculosis and smoking. Smoking, however, could only explain 1/5 of the incidence of female lung cancers. Family history of lung cancer and the use of oral contraceptives were related to lung cancer in women. Except for a weak relationship with history of chronic bronchitis/emphysema, adenocarcinoma was found to have no association with the other risk factors.
Lung Cancer 1996 Mar
PMID:A comparative study of the risk factors for lung cancer in Guangdong, China. 878 73

Bombesin-like peptides (BLPs) are important regulators of lung development and may also act as autocrine growth factors in lung tumors. We have previously demonstrated expression of mRNA for the three BLP receptor subtypes (neuromedin B [NMB]) receptor, gastrin-releasing peptide [GRP] receptor, and bombesin receptor subtype 3 [BRS-3]) in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines and bronchial biopsies using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR; DeMichele, et al. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 1994; 11:66-74). We have also previously found that growth responses to BLPs could be elicited in some, but not all, cultures of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells (Siegfried, et al. Anat. Rec. 1993; 236:241-247). In this report, we utilized RT-PCR to demonstrate mRNA expression of BLP receptor subtypes in cultured HBE cells and also assessed the response of these cultures to BLPs in proliferation assays. The pattern of mRNA expression was correlated with proliferative response, and the results were also analyzed in relation to smoking history and pulmonary function of the subjects studied. Our results suggest that expression of mRNA for the GRP receptor is associated with a long smoking history (> 25 pack-years [PY], p = 0.02). This association was related to past tobacco exposure, regardless of whether the subjects were still active smokers at the time of tissue procurement. Responsiveness to GRP and NMB in proliferation assays was also found only in those HBE cultures with expression of mRNA for at least one of the known receptors for BLPs, and there was a significant association between expression of mRNA for the GRP receptor and proliferative response to both GRP and NMB (p = 0.048). HBE cultures from subjects with a greater than 25 PY smoking history were also more likely to respond to BLPs in the proliferation assays than cells from subjects with less than a 25 PY history (10 of 16 versus 1 of 7, p = 0.06). Cultures of HBE cells from four of the five subjects with severe obstructive lung disease gave a positive response to GRP and NMB in proliferation assays, compared to five of fifteen without severe obstructive lung disease, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.13). These results suggest there is an increased likelihood of expression of the GRP receptor mRNA in the respiratory epithelium of some individuals with a history of prolonged tobacco exposure, and that expression of the GRP receptor mRNA is accompanied by responsiveness to the mitogenic effects of BLPs. These effects appear to persist after smoking cessation.
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PMID:Expression of mRNA for gastrin-releasing peptide receptor by human bronchial epithelial cells. Association with prolonged tobacco exposure and responsiveness to bombesin-like peptides. 927 10


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