Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0684249 (lung carcinoma)
 23,830 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum is a rare tumor. We treated a patient with small-cell carcinoma of the rectum with radiation and multidrug regimen being used for small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Within two months of chemotherapy, the primary lesion, as evaluated by rectoscopy, biopsy, and CT scan, had resolved completely. The patient was in complete remission for 12 months after initiation of chemotherapy and died of widespread metastases. At autopsy, no residual tumor was found in the rectum. This case stresses the importance of ultrastructural study in the differential diagnosis of small-cell cancer of the rectum and the fact that this tumor can be treated in the same fashion as for small-cell carcinoma of the lung with multidrug chemotherapy and radiation therapy to achieve local control.
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PMID:Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum. 299 Aug 36

4'-epi-doxorubicin (4'-epi-DX) is a new anthracycline antibiotic. It differs from doxorubicin (DX) by the epimerization of the OH group in position 4' of the aminosugar moiety, and was synthesized in an effort to find agents with a superior therapeutic index to the parent compound doxorubicin (DX). 4'-epi-doxorubicin binds to DNA and inhibits nucleic acid synthesis and function. The antitumor activity of 4'-epi-DX in several experimental tumors (Leukemias L 1210, P 388, Gross Leukemia, Sarcoma 180 ascitic and solid, C3H/HE mammary carcinoma) is similar to that of DX. However, 4'-epi-doxorubicin has greater antitumor activity than doxorubicin in Lewis lung carcinoma, MS-2 sarcoma lung metastasis, and human melanoma in athymic mice. In chronic toxicity studies there were no qualitative differences between 4'-epi-DX and DX; quantitatively, however, 4'-epi-DX was less toxic. In different experimental models 4'-epi-DX has been shown to be less cardiotoxic than its parent compound. In chronic toxicity studies in the rabbit, histopathologic findings revealed the same pattern of cardiotoxicity for both drugs but less marked with 4'-epi-DX. Distribution studies in mice with tumors showed a lower concentration of 4'-epi-DX in the heart, spleen and kidneys; the hepatobiliary metabolism and excretion of 4'-epi-DX investigated in the rat, indicated that the new analogue was more extensively metabolized than the parent compound. Pharmacokinetics of 4'-epi-DX in humans showed a multiexponential decrease of plasma levels; the same pattern was observed for the metabolite 13-OH epidoxorubicinol but with lower concentrations than the unchanged drug. A high plasma clearance (0.9-1.41/min), a terminal half-life of about 30-40 hr and a large volume of distribution were the main pharmacokinetic characteristics of 4'-epi-DX. A reduction of the dose appears to be appropriate in patients with liver function impairment. Phase II studies with 4'-epi-DX have indicated that the drug produces a pattern of acute toxicity, including acute cardiac toxicity, qualitatively similar to that of DX at identical doses but quantitatively lower, with particular regard to leukopenia and gastrointestinal toxicity. The range of single active doses is between 60 and 90 mg/m2, the most frequently employed doses schedules being 75 or 90 mg/m2 i.v. every 3 weeks. 4'-epi-DX has shown activity in a variety of tumors such as breast carcinoma, soft tissues sarcomas, NH lymphomas, leukemias, ovarian cancer and gastric cancer. Preliminary evidence of activity has been found in melanoma, rectal cancer and pancreatic cancer suggesting a broad spectrum of activity. As to chronic cardiac toxicity up to now only 2 mild to moderate and reversible CHF have been observed at doses of 1120 and 1235 mg/m2 in about 700 treated patients. Specific and comparative studies are in progress: preliminary findings from a randomized comparison of 4'-epi-DX vs DX in breast cancer indicated that 4'-epi-DX may have a lower cumulative cardiotoxicity.
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PMID:4'-epi-doxorubicin, a new analogue of doxorubicin: a preliminary overview of preclinical and clinical data. 634 72

A case of triple cancers involving the stomach, rectum and lung is reported. A 75-year-old male was admitted to our clinic for the treatment of lung cancer. Right upper lobectomy was performed. Histological diagnosis was small cell lung carcinoma intermediate cell type (pT2N1M0, stage II). At the age of 70-year-old (sixty-two months before the pulmonary resection), he had undergone the resection of gastric cancer. At the age of 74-year-old (fourteen months before the pulmonary resection), rectal cancer was resected. Twenty four resected cases of triple cancers including lung cancer have been reported in the Japanese literature.
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PMID:[A case of surgical treatment of triple cancers in the stomach, rectum and lung]. 789 9

Four human small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma cell lines were established from tumor tissues of patients with esophageal, gastric or rectal cancer, and were studied morphologically and biochemically in comparison with small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cell lines and common gastric cancer cell lines. Cells from all the small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma lines were as small as classic SCLC cells and had characteristic neurosecretory granules. Cells from only one line grew as tightly packed spherical aggregates of floating cells, and those of the other 3 grew attached to substrate. Although high levels of creatine kinase brain isoenzyme (CK-BB) were detected in all 4 cell lines, 2 of them showed low levels of aromatic L-amino-acid decarboxylase and 3 had low levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE). None of the lines showed simultaneous elevation of enzymes. C-myc, N-myc, and L-myc were not amplified in any of the cell lines, but c-myc mRNA was expressed in 2 lines. Our findings indicate that all small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma cells examined belong to the variant type which is used in the classification of SCLC. Furthermore, the ECC18 line, derived from esophageal cancer, seemed to be of true endocrine cell origin, while the 3 other small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma lines seemed to arise via neoplastic neometaplasia from adenocarcinoma cells to endocrine cells.
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PMID:Characterization of four new cell lines derived from small-cell gastrointestinal carcinoma. 839 84

We report our initial experience in the resection of metastases from colo-rectal cancer confined to the liver. Seventeen hepatic resections were performed in sixteen patients over a thirty-eight months period. Median age was 58 years (45-75). The extent of liver involvement was assessed by computerized tomographic portography and magnetic resonance. In fourteen cases there was a solitary lesion. Mean interval time between colo-rectal resection and hepatic resection was 18 months (0-69). Twelve major hepatic resections and five wedge resections were performed. There was not operative mortality. Seven patients received complementary chemotherapy. Mean follow-up was 14.8 months (2-34). One patient died from carcinoma of the lung, five patients (31.25%) are alive with recurrence of some sort (three recurrences being in the liver) and ten patients (62.5%) are free of disease. Indications for resection, methods used for identification of candidates, prognostic determinants and indications for complementary chemotherapy are discussed.
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PMID:[Resection of hepatic metastases of colo-rectal carcinoma. Indications and initial results]. 848 12

A 75-year-old man secondly developed a solitary pulmonary metastatic carcinoma of the rectum, who had undergone an operation for the first pulmonary metastatic disease in the left upper division segment before three years. The second tumor was about 2.0 cm in diameter, and located in the central area of the left lower lobe. At the time of operation, the tumor was found at the roots of both the B8 and the B9 bronchi, and thus removed by the basal segmentectomy. The resected specimen showed an endobronchial growth of metastatic adenocarcinoma in both the B8 and the B9 bronchi. Especially in the lumen of the B9 bronchus, the tumor dendritically extended from the central portion to the peripheral portion. The growing pattern of the tumor was very unique, and gave us attention to the extension of resection for metastatic lung carcinoma.
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PMID:[Pulmonary metastatic carcinoma of the rectum growing extensively in the bronchial lumen--a case report]. 895 32

Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum is an infrequent pathologic finding, and its precise incidence is unknown. Its incidence is less than 0.2 percent among all colorectal cancers. This tumor manifests highly aggressive behavior. The treatment of choice is combination chemotherapy similar to that used for small-cell carcinoma of the lung, but in small localized tumors surgery plus chemotherapy is an alternative. We present two cases of small-cell carcinoma of the lower rectum and a review of the literature.
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PMID:Small-cell carcinoma of the rectum: report of two cases. 1021 9

A 54-year-old man who underwent Miles operation for primary rectal cancer, had undergone right upper lobectomy for large cell carcinoma of the right lung 2 years before. In the Miles operation, the large lymph node was palpable in the mesenterium near the small intestine. Small bowel resection with lymphadenectomy was performed. Histological examination showed lymph node metastatic large cell carcinoma of the lung. The patient has survived for 8 years after the second operation without recurrence. Large cell carcinoma of the lung tends to metastasize to digestive organs, so careful follow-up is necessary after surgery. Surgical treatment for a solitary metastatic lesion of lung cancer is considered to be effective and to have a satisfactory prognosis.
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PMID:[A case of lung large cell carcinoma that survived for 8 years after resection of a solitary metastatic lymph node]. 1051 67

Previously, significant increase in survival in locally-advanced rectal cancer as a result of heated intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was reported. Our study used cisplatin 0.5 mg/ml (0.05 per cent solution) in the culture of pharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma (PEC) cells (HEP-2) and A-549 culture of lung carcinoma cells. The number of viable cells was estimated colorimetrically after 24 and 48 hr incubation. 50%-rise in inhibition of culture growth was assumed to be biologically significant. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, single dose of cisplatin 8 mg/kg was injected in mice bearing transplanted lung carcinoma of Lewis (LLC). That was followed by death of tumor cells. Preheating (45 deg. C, 1 hr) did not influence either the cytostatic or therapeutic effect of cisplatin in vivo.That procedure inhibited tumor growth by 7-8% and the effect did not wear off until day 11 or longer. Survival in LLC-bearing mice rose by 26% which pointed to the advantages offered by heated cytostatic chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Experimental foundation of using intraoperative endopelvic cisplatin with hyperthermia for rectal cancer]. 2055 96

Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is a useful treatment for malignant ling tumors. However, SRT is associated with complications such as high local recurrence rate and radiation-induced lung injury. Herein, we report a case of combined aortic resection for after SRT. An 82-year-old man underwent SRT for the metastatic lung carcinoma of rectal cancer at left lower lobe. Three years later, chest computed tomography showed local recurrence at the site of radiotherapy, with suspected invasion of the descending aorta. Thoracotomy was performed after metastatic lung carcinoma interpolation of a stent graft in the descending aorta. Because the tumor firmly adhered to the aorta, left lower lung lobe and aortic wall resection was performed. Pathological findings revealed fibrous hypertrophy and adhesion between the visceral pleura and aorta. As shown in our case, combined aortic resection and stent graft insertion is an effective minimally invasive and safe treatment for SRT-induced tissue damage.
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PMID:Combined Aortic Resection and Stent Graft Insertion for Local Recurrence of Metastatic Lung Carcinoma Following Stereotactic Radiotherapy: A Case Report. 2625 18


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