Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Screening and management of PCa remain controversial and, therefore, the discovery of novel molecular biomarkers is urgently needed. Alteration in cancer cell metabolism is a recognized hallmark of cancer, whereby cancer cells exhibit high glycolytic rates with subsequent lactate production, regardless of oxygen availability. To maintain the hyperglycolytic phenotype, cancer cells efficiently export lactate through the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4. The impact of inhibiting lactate production/extrusion on PCa cell survival and aggressiveness was investigated in vitro and ex vivo using primary tumor and metastatic PCa cell lines and the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. In this study, we showed the metastatic PCa cell line (DU125) displayed higher expression levels of MCT1/4 isoforms and glycolysis-related markers than the localized prostate tumor-derived cell line (22RV1), indicating these proteins are differentially expressed throughout prostate malignant transformation. Moreover, disruption of lactate export by MCT1/4 silencing resulted in a decrease in PCa cell growth and motility. To support these results, we pharmacological inhibited lactate production (via inhibition of LDH) and release (via inhibition of MCTs) and a reduction in cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo was observed. In summary, our data provide evidence that MCT1 and MCT4 are important players in prostate neoplastic progression and that inhibition of lactate production/export can be explored as a strategy for PCa treatment.
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PMID:Targeting lactate production and efflux in prostate cancer. 3265 Jan 30

Mr. Editor, Peritoneal pseudomyxoma (PP) is a rare malignant tumor, which is characterized by the presence of mucinous ascites. The abdominal ultrasound as the first diagnostic method of this entity allows the visualization of ascites on the one hand and its analysis through a diagnostic paracentesis on the other hand. CLINICAL CASE: 64-year-old man admitted for abdominal distension and ascites semiology on examination. A diagnostic paracentesis was performed, with analysis of ascites fluid (LA): 220 leukocytes 91% lymphocytes, glucose 44 mg/dL, proteins 5.22 g/dL, albumin 2.5 g/dL, LDH 235 IU/L, ADA 28 IU/L. Negative cultures and cytologies for infectious and tumor etiology. An abdominal ultrasound was performed, in which moderate ascites and mesenteric thickening were observed in the form of heteroechogenic masses with multiple rounded cystic-anechogenic formations inside. A biopsy was performed with an 18 G needle, obtaining a cylinder of transparent gelatinous tissue, a finding compatible with peritoneal pseudomyxoma (PP). An abdominal CT was performed, showing abundant LA with implants in the mesentery root suggestive of peritoneal carcinomatosis, without appreciating primary visceral injury. It was decided to perform cytoreductive surgery (CR). The analysis of the surgical pieces was diagnostic of peritoneal adenomucinosis without objectifying its primary origin. DISCUSSION: PP is a rare entity characterized by the presence of mucinous ascites, epithelial and mucinous peritoneal implants secondary to rupture or metastasis of a primary tumor. It is infrequent, with 1-2 cases per 1,000,000 inhabitants/year (1). Most originate from appendicular neoplasms (52%), ovary (34%) and colon (4%). Only in 5% the origin is not found, as in our case. (1,2). The differential diagnosis includes peritoneal carcinomatosis and other rare tumors of peritoneal location (3). It requires a multidisciplinary approach for its therapeutic treatment, with CR being the treatment of choice, sometimes associated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) (4,5).
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PMID:MUCINOUS ASCITES SECONDARY TO PERITONEAL PSEUDOMYXOMA OF UNCERTAIN ORIGIN. 3321 79


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