Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The observation of a non-metastatic reactive hepatopathy associated with a hypernephroma in a 39-year-old man who had had fever for 4 months led to a review of the literature and an analysis of basically three aspects of the disorder: a) The various manifestations of carcinoma of the kidney, which include a large number of paraneoplastic clinical symptoms (polycythemia, anemia, prolonged fever, hypercalcemia, hypertension, nefropathy, loss of salt, peripheral neuropathy, and amyloidosis); b) an alteracion of hepatic function known since 1961 which is characterized by an abnormal retention of sulfobromophthalein, increase of alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin decrease, dysproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, and alpha2-globulin increase. It may or may not be accompanied by enlargement of the liver. c) Criteria of operability of the primary tumor.
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PMID:[Liver disease associated with hypernephroma. A case report (author's transl)]. 45 99

The antitumor and antimetastatic effects of p-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)benzoic acid potassium salt (MM-COOK) as compared with those of the parent 3,3-dimethyl derivative (DM-COOK) were examined using Lewis lung carcinoma, MCa mammary carcinoma of the CBA mouse and TLX5 lymphoma. Similarly to DM-COOK, MM-COOK reduces metastasis formation and significantly prolongs the survival of mice bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma when given at a daily dose corresponding to one-half that of DM-COOK. Unlike DM-COOK, MM-COOK exhibits significant cytotoxicity to metastatic foci and pronounced inhibition of primary tumor development. MM-COOK also causes cytotoxic effects on TLX5 lymphoma cell growing in the peritoneal cavity, even when used at low doses. The antimetastatic effects observed in mice bearing MCa mammary carcinoma are unrelated to the inhibition of primary tumor growth and are more likely due to the selection of clones endowed with lower metastatic ability. It appears that MM-COOK exhibits the same antineoplastic activity as DM-COOK, but the former does so at a lower daily dose and produces interesting cytotoxic effects other than those reflecting its antimetastatic properties. It thus seems to be a valid alternative to DM-COOK, in view of the possible introduction of newer aryltriazenes into clinical use.
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PMID:Antineoplastic action of p-(3-methyl-1-triazeno)benzoic acid potassium salt, a monomethyl derivative of the antimetastatic compound DM-COOK. 201 12

Malignant ascites is often refractory to therapy and rapidly deteriorating the nutritional and physical state of the cancer patient. Nevertheless, ascites does not always implicate preterminal state of the cancer process (e.g. ovarian carcinoma). A short review is made of the pathophysiology of ascites in cirrhosis and in malignancy, and different modes of treatment are discussed. The results of medical therapy of malignant ascites (salt and water restriction, diuretics, intraperitoneal cytostatics or radiocolloids) are not convincing. The immunotherapy with OK-432, as worked out by Katano (16-46) has to prove its value. The best and most hopeful results in cases of massive previously resistant ascites, are obtained with a peritoneojugular shunt, improving immediately the nutritional status and life condition, providing excellent palliation. The superiority of the Denver shunt versus the Le Veen shunt has been assessed recently, especially for malignant ascites. Some technical and perioperative details merit more attention, to limit the high risk ratio. Control of the intrathoracic position of the catheter tip, the maintenance of the bloodflow in the jugular vein, the intramuscular tunnelisation of the peritoneal catheter, the discard of 3 or 5 liters ascitic fluid and the substitution of part of it by physiological fluid, perioperative prophylactic antibiotics and heparinisation, flow-rate control in the postoperative period by changing patients position, respiratory exercises, daily flushing, all those measures limit the risk of fibrinolysis (DIC), shunt occlusion, fluid overload and infection. The fear of metastasis by shunt is unfounded, since the survival of the primary tumor is mostly too short (41). The postoperative follow up in an intensive care unit is necessary during 24-72 hours.
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PMID:[The Denver shunt in malignant ascites]. 258 Apr 8

Endogenous sugar receptors of human tumors, supposedly involved in recognitive interactions and growth regulation, were comparatively analyzed from human metastases to lung and liver by affinity chromatography and subsequent sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These profiles of sugar receptors including Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent specificities to alpha- and beta-galactosides, alpha-mannosyl and alpha-fucosyl moieties from salt and detergent extracts were found to be significantly different from the profile of the corresponding normal tissue. Metastatic lesions to lung from three different types of primary tumors revealed primarily tumor-associated mannan- and galactoside-binding proteins, whereas different liver metastases showed a tendency towards preferential expression of additional beta-galactoside-binding proteins and, to a reduced extent, fucose-binding proteins. The patterns of two metastatic lesions to lung and liver from a similar primary tumor, a colon carcinoma, disclose significant differences. Each resembles the pattern of other metastases to the same target organ more than it resembles the pattern of metastatic lesions to the other target organ, derived from a similar primary tumor. Further analyses of two primary liver tumors underscore the significance of changes in such a pattern upon malignant transformation.
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PMID:Sugar receptors of different types in human metastases to lung and liver. 336 84

The response of androgen-sensitive Noble (Nb) rat prostatic adenocarcinoma [2Pr-121D (1)] to varying doses (50 approximately 1,000 micrograms/kg body weight) of diethylstilbestrol (DES) was investigated and characterized with respect to cytosol and nuclear androgen binding profiles, histology and pattern of relapse. Inhibition of tumor growth was closely related to the dose of DES. Treatment at all but the lowest dose (50 micrograms/kg) initially caused tumor regression, whereas serum testosterone concentrations in all groups, including that receiving the lowest dose, were decreased to castrate levels. Histologically, while extensive cellular destruction was clearly evident at higher doses of DES, some active tumor cells appeared to survive. Tumors eventually relapsed when higher doses of DES were stopped or with the continued administration of low doses. The cytosol dihydrotestosterone (DHT) receptor in this tumor line, as determined by sucrose density gradient, dextran charcoal and Sephadex column methods, was negative. Nuclear binding, however, was positive. Salt-extractable and salt-resistant fractions of nuclei derived from the untreated primary tumor and relapsed tumor following DES treatment contained high affinity androgen receptor. Comparison of binding constants revealed no significant differences. Our findings, based on the Nb rat prostatic tumor model, indicate that DES acts not only by eliminating circulating testosterone, but also by a direct cytotoxic effect on malignant cells. The results also suggest the lack of an apparent relationship between the loss of hormone responsiveness associated with recurrence of prostatic tumor growth and nuclear androgen binding parameters.
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PMID:Growth inhibition by diethylstilbestrol and relapse of the Noble rat prostatic tumor. 337 90

This study describes a comparison of 1-p-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)benzoic acid potassium salt (DM-COOK) and imidazole-4-carboxamide,5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) (DTIC) with reference to antitumor activity on different murine tumors and hematological toxicity. DM-COOK appeared comparably or slightly more effective in L1210, P388, and M5 tumors in the mouse. However, when the treatment of mice bearing M5 with DM-COOK was combined with surgical removal of the primary tumor, the host's life-span was highly significantly prolonged. The two drugs showed similar activity in an M5 variant selected for resistance to cyclophosphamide. In L1210 Ha, a leukemia that is spontaneously resistant to DTIC, DM-COOK was not effective. Both DM-COOK and DTIC caused transient leukopenia with a maximum WBC fall of 57% and 71% compared with control values. DM-COOK's greater chemical stability might be an advantage, as the decomposition of DTIC is thought to lead to products responsible for some toxic effects in humans. Like other phenyldimethyltriazenes DM-COOK, is a good candidate for clinical trials because its water solubility eliminates formulation problems.
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PMID:Comparison of the antitumor activity of DTIC and 1-p-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) benzoic acid potassium salt on murine transplantable tumors and their hematological toxicity. 646 99

In six carcinogenicity bioassays, male and female F344 rats were fed diets containing aniline hydrochloride (CAS: 142-04-1; hydrochloride benzenamide), p-chloroaniline (CAS: 106-47-8), azobenzene (CAS: 103-33-3), o-toluidine hydrochloride (CAS: 636-21-5), dapsone (CAS: 80-08-0; 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline), or D & C red No. 9 [CAS: D85500000; 5-chloro-2-[2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)azo)-4-methylbenzenesulfon ic acid, barium salt]. The rats, from 6 weeks to 2 years old, were given the compounds at two dose levels, the estimated maximum tolerated dose and one-half that dose. In all six bioassays, dose-dependent incidences of splenic sarcomas and fibrosis were seen, with the highest incidences in male rats. Fibrosis occurred in the splenic parenchyma and/or the capsule. Fatty infiltration also was seen in the spleen. Sarcomas appeared to arise in the splenic red pulp or splenic capsule, usually in association with areas of parenchymal and capsular fibrosis and pigmentation. Larger tumors metastasized to the peritoneal cavity and abdominal organs. In some rats there was marked osseous metaplasia when the primary tumor metastasized to peritoneal surfaces. Other, less common, splenic neoplasms included hemangiosarcoma and hemangiopericytoma. Some rats had such extensive peritoneal involvement that the site of origin of their sarcoma was difficult to determine.
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PMID:Splenic fibrosis and sarcomas in F344 rats fed diets containing aniline hydrochloride, p-chloroaniline, azobenzene, o-toluidine hydrochloride, 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline, or D & C red No. 9. 658 31

The effects of the ortho and para isomers of aryldimethyltriazeno carboxylic and benzensulfonic acids and amides have been examined in mice bearing subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma. The toxicity of these compounds varies widely and does not correlate with the effects on tumor progression. The growth of subcutaneous primary tumor is unaffected or only marginally inhibited by all the tested compounds, while a marked depression in the formation of spontaneous lung metastasis is observed, with the exception of the sodium salt of the ortho benzensulfonic acid. The compounds showing the greatest activity on metastasis are the hydrosoluble salts of the ortho and para carboxylic acid and the para sulfonamido derivative, indicating that, in addition to the activity reported for the potassium salt of the para carboxylic acid, also its ortho isomer and the para sulfonamido derivative possess selective and pronounced antimetastatic effects. No correlation can be found between the reported effects on tumor progression and physicochemical parameters of the triazenes tested.
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PMID:Effects of isomeric aryldimethyltriazenes on Lewis lung carcinoma growth and metastases in mice. 661 6

1-p-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) benzoic acid potassium salt (DM-COOK) was tested on M 5076/73A (M5) mouse sarcoma at a dose of 40 or 50 mg/kg/day (Days 6--14) after im transplant of 7 x 10(5) cells, with or without surgical removal of the primary tumor on Day 14. Treatment at either dose level resulted in reduction of the primary tumor weight to around 50% of that in the controls, and striking antimetastatic effects were observed. When a dose of 40 or 50 mg/kg of DM-COOK was followed by surgery, there were 14% and 40% long-term survivors, respectively, but the higher dose caused about 30% toxic deaths. After iv injection of 10(3) or 10(5) M5 tumor cells, no artificial metastases appeared in DM-COOK-treated mice, whereas all control animals had metastatic involvement in the liver, spleen, ovaries, and kidneys.
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PMID:Activity of 1-p-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno) benzoic acid potassium salt in M 5076/73A ovarian reticular cell sarcoma of the mouse. 675 75

Use of a metabolizable tetrazolium salt was observed to facilitate assessments of tumor cell drug sensitivity in the soft-agar colony formation assay. Enzyme-mediated staining permits discrimination between viable and non-viable groups of cells so that drug-induced cytotoxicity is clearly identifiable by visual inspection as well as by computerized image analysis. The technique appears to be especially useful in the evaluation of primary tumor cell cultures which often contain substantial numbers of non-viable cellular aggregates.
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PMID:Improved detection of drug cytotoxicity in the soft agar colony formation assay through use of a metabolizable tetrazolium salt. 716 67


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