Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating immune complexes (CICs) in the sera of patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of stomach were sequentially studied. Serial CICs levels, quantitated using a sensitive method F(ab')2 anti-C3 ELISA, were measured before surgery and in a post-operative follow up. CICs could be detected in 85% of the patients pre-operatively, while ten days after surgery positivity decreased to 71%. Thirty days after surgery, the mean CIC levels decreased significantly and positivity fell to 46%. The results indicate that removal of primary tumor mass results in a sharp decline of CIC levels.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1989 Dec
PMID:Pre-operative and post-operative evaluation of circulating immune complexes in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. 262 69

A total of 12 carcinoma cell lines of the human uterine cervix were established from 5 keratinizing and 5 nonkeratinizing squamous-cell carcinomas, and 2 small-cell carcinomas. Of these, 10 lines grew as adherent cells and 2 as floating aggregates. All lines showed (i) similarity in morphology to the primary tumor from which they were derived; (ii) high viability with relatively long doubling times (48-96 hr); (iii) absence of Mycoplasma and other bacteria, apart from one Mycoplasma-contaminated line; (iv) genetic heterogeneity by DNA-fingerprinting analysis; (v) absence of p53 mutation from exon 4 through 9; and (vi) the presence of HPV DNA sequence. Among the lines, 7 were infected by HPV-16, 3 by HPV-18, 1 by HPV-31, and 1 by HPV-33; the 2 cell lines derived from small-cell carcinomas contained HPV-18. Interestingly, 6 of the 7 cell lines containing HPV-16-type DNA harbored the same alteration of E7 at nucleotide position 647 (amino acid 29, AAT --> AGT, Asn --> Ser), whereas the 3 HPV-18-positive lines did not; 3 cell lines proved to have intact E1/E2 of HPV, suggesting the presence of episomally replicating HPV DNA as well as the integrated form, whereas the other 9 lines were shown to have integrated HPV. Taken together, these cell lines would be very useful for studying the biology of uterine cervical carcinoma.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of 12 uterine cervical-carcinoma cell lines: common sequence variation in the E7 gene of HPV-16-positive cell lines. 921 39

Laryngeal carcinoma (LC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and recently the incidence of this disease has increased. By means of the mRNA differential display method we identified a cDNA, Laryngeal carcinoma related gene 1 (LCRG1) which has significantly reduced expression in 40% (12/30) of primary LCs and in 6 of 10 various cancer cell lines. Northern Blot analysis showed that LCRG1 was expressed more abundantly in human heart, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and in murine testis, liver, brain and heart than in other tissues. The cDNA sequence of this gene is identical to part of the sequence of PAC HCIT75G16 clone (GenBank accession No. AC003042) from the chromosome band 17q12-21.1 which is one of the most common loss of heterozygosity (LOH) regions involved in LC, prostate cancer, etc. This gene is composed of six exons and spans about 60 kb of genomic DNA with a 3.4 kb mature transcript. The alignment of this gene with STS markers localized the gene to the previously identified tumor-suppressor locus D17S800-D17S930. The putative protein encoded by this gene is 288 amino acid with one potential site for phosphorylation by casein kinase II and no significant homology to any known proteins in the public databases. The primary tumor suppressive functions (proliferation rate,soft agar growth and tumor formation) were observed in a LC cell line (Hep-2) by lipofectin transfection. Together these data strongly suggest a potential role of LCRG1 contributing to the development of LC.
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PMID:Molecular cloning and characterization of LCRG1 a novel gene localized to the tumor suppressor locus D17S800-D17S930. 1514 23

Cancer cells derived from different stages of tumor progression may exhibit distinct biological properties, as exemplified by the paired lung cancer cell lines H1993 and H2073. While H1993 was derived from chemo-naive metastasized tumor, H2073 originated from the chemo-resistant primary tumor from the same patient and exhibits strikingly different drug response profile. To understand the underlying genetic and epigenetic bases for their biological properties, we investigated these cells using a wide range of large-scale methods including whole genome sequencing, RNA sequencing, SNP array, DNA methylation array, and de novo genome assembly. We conducted an integrative analysis of both cell lines to distinguish between potential driver and passenger alterations. Although many genes are mutated in these cell lines, the combination of DNA- and RNA-based variant information strongly implicates a small number of genes including TP53 and STK11 as likely drivers. Likewise, we found a diverse set of genes differentially expressed between these cell lines, but only a fraction can be attributed to changes in DNA copy number or methylation. This set included the ABC transporter ABCC4, implicated in drug resistance, and the metastasis associated MET oncogene. While the rich data content allowed us to reduce the space of hypotheses that could explain most of the observed biological properties, we also caution there is a lack of statistical power and inherent limitations in such single patient case studies.
Pac Symp Biocomput 2014
PMID:Integrative analysis of two cell lines derived from a non-small-lung cancer patient--a panomics approach. 2429 35

Well differentiated thyroid cancers (WDTC), including papillary (80%) and follicular (10%) types, are the most common endocrine cancers globally. Over the last few decades most the diagnosed cases have fallen into low risk categories. Radioactive iodine-131 (RAI) has an established role in reducing recurrence and improving the survival in high risk patients. In patients with primary tumor size <1 cm, RAI is not recommended by many thyroid societies. However, low risk WDTC has been an arena of major controversies, most importantly the role and dose of adjuvant RAI for remnant ablation to minimize chances of recurrence and improving survival. This review is an attempt to update readers about the previous and existing practice based on results of non- randomized trials and evolving trends fueled by recently published randomized studies.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013
PMID:Controversies about radioactive iodine-131 remnant ablation in low risk thyroid cancers: are we near a consensus? 2437 6

Treating the osteosarcoma (OSA) remains a challenge. Current strategies focus on the primary tumor and have limited efficacy for metastatic OSA. A better understanding of the OSA pathogenesis may provide a rational basis for innovative treatment strategies especially for metastases. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the molecular mechanisms of OSA tumorigenesis, OSA cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and chemotherapy resistance, and how improved understanding might contribute to designing a better treatment target for OSA.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014
PMID:Review of the molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. 2512 59

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are rare and heterogenous tumors and surgery to remove the primary tumor is the mainstay of treatment for resectable disease. However, curative surgery is often not feasible, because half of patients with pNET have metastases at the time of diagnosis. Palliative dubulking surgery and liver-directed therapies are appropriate options for these patients. Streptozocin-based regimens are standard, although temozolamide-based treatments are rapidly gaining wide clinical application. Somatostatin analogs are mainly indicated in hormonally active tumors to ameliorate symptoms. In addition, anti-tumoral activity has been proven in well-differentiated NETs. Recently, there has been tremendous progress in the molecular biology of pNETs; thereby, the efficacy of sunitinib and everolimus in the treatment of patients with metastatic pNETs has been proven by large placebo-controlled phase III trials. Currently, there are no definitively proven predictive biomarkers to evaluate response to medical therapies in patients with pNET. Therefore, further studies are needed to individualize and optimize their management. This article reviews systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and anti-secretory treatments for the management of patients with unresectable or metastatic pNETs, summarized in the light of recent advances.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015
PMID:Advances in the management of unresectable or metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal treatment, and future directions. 2582 31

Many patients with few cerebral metastases receive radiosurgery alone. The goal of this study was to create a tool to estimate the survival of such patients. To identify characteristics associated with survival, nine variables including radiosurgery dose, age, gender, Eastern cooperative oncology group performance score (ECOG-PS), primary tumor type, number/size of cerebral metastases, location of cerebral metastases, extra-cerebral metastases and time between cancer diagnosis and radiosurgery were analyzed in 214 patients. On multivariate analysis, age (p=0.03), ECOG-PS (p=0.02) and extra-cerebral metastases (p<0.01) had significant impacts on survival. Scoring points for each patient were obtained from 12-month survival rates (in %) related to the significant variables divided by 10. Addition of the scoring points of the three variables resulted in a patient's total predictive score. Two groups were designed, A (10-14 points) and B (16-17 points). Twelve-month survival rates were 33% and 77%, respectively (p<0.001). Median survival times were 8 and 20 months, respectively. Because most patients of group A died from extra-cerebral disease and/or new cerebral lesions, early systemic treatment and additional WBI should be considered. As cause of death in group B was mostly new cerebral metastases, additional WBI appears even more important for this group.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015
PMID:A new tool to predict survival after radiosurgery alone for newly diagnosed cerebral metastases. 2585 90

To investigate whether excision repair cross complementing-group1 (ERCC1) expression status could serve as a bio-predictor of response to platinum-based induction chemotherapy for head and neck cancers (HNCs) patients with a diagnosis of epithelial HNC were studied retrospectively. Paraffin embedded tumor samples of the patients were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to determine ERCC1 expression status and its correlation with response to platinum-based induction chemotherapy was investigated. Of 44 included patients, 33 were male (75%) and 11 were female (25%) with a mean age of 53 years. Some 36% of patients whose tumor samples had high ERCC1 expression showed no response to induction chemotherapy. The value for patients with low ERCC1 expression was 9% and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.03). The ERCC1 expression state did not significantly vary between patient groups according to sex, age, primary tumor site, and tumor and node stage. Our study indicates that ERCC1 expression status detected by RT-PCR might serve as a bio-predictor of response to platinum-based induction chemotherapy for epithelial HNCs.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016
PMID:ERCC1 Expression Can Predict Response to Platinum-Based Induction Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer Cases. 2716 14

Somatic mutations in the Tp53 tumor suppressor gene are the most commonly seen genetic alterations in cancer, and germline mutations in Tp53 predispose individuals to a variety of early-onset cancers. Development of appropriate translational animal models that carry mutations in Tp53 and recapitulate human disease are important for drug discovery, biomarker development and disease modeling. Current Tp53 mouse and rat models have significant phenotypic and genetic limitations, and often do not recapitulate certain aspects of human disease. We used a marker-assisted speed congenic approach to transfer a well-characterized Tp53-mutant allele from an outbred rat to the genetically inbred Fischer-344 (F344) rat to create the F344-Tp53tm1(EGFP-Pac)Qly/Rrrc (F344-Tp53) strain. On the F344 genetic background, the tumor spectrum shifted, with the primary tumor types being osteosarcomas and meningeal sarcomas, compared to the hepatic hemangiosarcoma and lymphoma identified in the original outbred stock model. The Fischer model is more consistent with the early onset of bone and central nervous system sarcomas found in humans with germline Tp53 mutations. The frequency of osteosarcomas in F344-Tp53 homozygous and heterozygous animals was 57% and 36%, respectively. Tumors were highly representative of human disease radiographically and histologically, with tumors found primarily on long bones with frequent pulmonary metastases. Importantly, the rapid onset of osteosarcomas in this promising new model fills a current void in animal models that recapitulate human pediatric osteosarcomas and could facilitate studies to identify therapeutic targets.
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PMID:Fischer-344 Tp53-knockout rats exhibit a high rate of bone and brain neoplasia with frequent metastasis. 2752


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