Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 76-year-old man with spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma of the lung developed fatal respiratory failure after limited thoracic irradiation at a total dose of 18 Gy. He developed severe pulmonary toxicity, which presented as dry cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrates extending beyond the radiation field. Microscopically, a transitional form of squamous to spindle-shaped cells was observed in the primary tumor, located at right S8. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining of spindle cells for keratin, vimentin, and EMA, but not for desmin. These results indicate that the spindle cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells, and differed from carcinosarcoma. Distant metastatic lesions were composed of only the spindle cell component.
 ...
PMID:[A case of spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma (WHO) of the lung]. 180 85

The article describes a case of gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor, which is histogenetically related to the gastrointestinal autonomic plexus (hence the name plexosarcoma). This rare and only recently recognized tumor of the gastrointestinal tract appears to have significant prognostic implications. This tumor cannot be diagnosed unequivocally by light microscopic and immunocytochemical examinations but shows characteristic electron microscopic features. The present case occurred as a gastric primary tumor and exhibited a light and electron microscopic picture similar to the one described in previous reports: areas of spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells, cytoplasmic processes with dense-core granules, and cytoplasmic intermediate filaments. Ultrastructural characteristics diagnostic of other gastrointestinal tumors, such as those originating from smooth muscle, Schwann cell, or endocrine cell types, were absent. Immunocytochemically, the tumor was diffusely positive for vimentin and neuron-specific enolase and focally positive for neurofilament triplet protein (NFTP) 160. Negative staining was observed for NFTP 200, S-100 protein, desmin, somatostatin, chromogranin, keratins (AE1/AE3), and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Although gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor has been reported to have a deceptively low-grade malignant appearance by light microscopy, it follows an aggressive clinical course. This tumor showed a much higher mitotic rate (one mitosis per high-power field) than the rates of tumors reported previously. Moreover, it occurred in a much younger patient (20 years of age) compared to previously reported cases (45 to 66 years of age), with the exception of one other case (16 years of age).
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor. 184 28

The study was designed to find out whether the commercially available antibodies BMA 130 c, BMA 120, V 9, KL 1, B 72.3 TAG, HEA 125 and Ber-EP 4 would be of help in distinguishing carcinomas from a mesothelial process (mesothelioma/pleuritis) in pleural effusion specimens routinely processed by the cytoblock method. All of the 20 carcinomas included in the study but also 19 of the 20 mesotheliomas expressed cytokeratin (KL 1), whereas vimentin expression was found in 7 of the 20 carcinomas and 19 of the 20 mesotheliomas. 19 of the 20 carcinomas reacted with the epithelial markers B 72.3 and HEA 125, and 18 of them with Ber-EP 4. In contrast, only a few of the 20 mesotheliomas showed a weak reaction to these markers (1 with HEA 125, 2 with B 72.3, and 3 with Ber-EP 4). BMA-130 c was detected in 10/20 carcinomas but in none of the mesotheliomas. BMA-120 was observed in the effusions from 17/20 mesotheliomas and in cover cells which had undergone reactive changes, but also in 2 cases of ovarian carcinoma. The results show that reaction to the "epithelial markers" B 72.3, HEA 125 and Ber-EP 4 is strongly indicative of carcinoma and not of mesothelioma, whereas a positive reaction with the antibody BMA-120 in the absence of reaction to the epithelial markers makes a mesothelial process very likely. However, immunocytochemical distinction cannot be made as yet between mesothelioma cells and pleuritic cells. If simultaneous positivity for BMA-120 and an "epithelial marker" in a pleural effusion is observed the primary tumor could be an ovarian carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Distinction of mesothelioma from carcinoma in pleural effusions. An immunocytochemical study on routinely processed cytoblock preparations. 187 28

Neuroblastomas are malignant childhood neoplasms that arise from derivatives of the neural crest. We report the characterization of a new neuroblastoma cell line, designated NBL-W, derived from the primary tumor of a patient with stage IVS disease (S. L. Cohn, C. V. Herst, H. S. Maurer, and S. T. Rosen, J. Clin. Oncol., 5: 1441-1444, 1987) according to the criteria of Evans [A. E. Evans, G. J. D'Angio, and J. Randolf, Cancer (Phila.), 27: 374-378, 1971]. Neurite-bearing (N) and substrate-adherent (S) cell lines have been subcloned from the parent line. N and S cells can interconvert, and both cell types label with the neural crest cell surface marker antibody, HNK-1. Cells in the subcloned lines and in the parent line have been shown by Southern blot analysis to contain approximately 100 copies of the N-myc gene. Cytogenetic analysis shows a homogeneously staining region present on chromosome 19. Although these subclones are of identical genotype, the S cells express lower amounts of N-myc mRNA and protein as compared to the N cells. N cells express several neuronal proteins including the neurotransmitter-processing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase, the neuronal intermediate filament proteins peripherin and NF66/alpha-internexin, and the neural cell adhesion molecule. S cells generally lack neuronal markers but express the mesenchymal intermediate filament protein vimentin, and a small subset of the S cells express glial fibrillary acidic protein. Some S cells were labeled weakly with neural cell adhesion molecule antibody; others were negative. S cells did not express the glial marker S-100 or a melanocyte marker, tyrosinase. Thus, S cells express the neural crest marker HNK-1 but do not express a set of antigens characteristic of any known cell type derived from the neural crest. These results are consistent with the suggestion that differential N-myc expression may be involved in the interconversion of N and S cells but indicate that the S cell phenotype need not represent a highly differentiated neural crest derivative.
 ...
PMID:Differential expression of N-myc in phenotypically distinct subclones of a human neuroblastoma cell line. 193 96

Two cases of the so-called ovarian myxoma are reported. One was from a 13-year-old girl who had a 31-year follow-up and no evidence of recurrence. The second case, from a 65-year-old woman, recurred intraperitoneally, 19 years after the surgery. Both tumors were myxoid, with round to stellate cells. Immunohistochemical, electron microscopic (EM), and DNA flow cytometric (FCM) studies were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue of the second patient on both the primary tumor and the recurrence. Tumor cells expressed vimentin and were focally positive for desmin and myoglobin. EM findings suggested a fibroblastic differentiation. An aneuploid cell population was present in the recurrent tumor by DNA-FCM studies. Only four other cases of so-called ovarian myxoma were reported to date, and the follow-up does not exceed 18 months. The authors conclude that the presence of aneuploidy and the late recurrence of one of their cases suggest that certain ovarian myxomas might behave like low-grade sarcomas. The histogenesis of this tumor remains unsettled, but similarities were found with myxomas in other locations.
 ...
PMID:Ovarian myxoma. A study of two cases with long-term follow-up. 199 43

A pleomorphic adenoma of the lung recurred after 9 years. The primary tumor consisted mainly of cartilaginous and fibrous elements with a small area of epithelial cell nests, whereas the second one possessed epithelial cell nests with cartilaginous stroma. Immunohistochemical studies showed that both tumors had neoplastic cells with immunoreactive S100, keratin, actin, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acid protein-positive cytoplasm. The primary tumor, which was resected from the periphery of the lung, was not connected with the trachea or the bronchus macroscopically. To our knowledge, the literature contains only six reports of pleomorphic adenoma in the lung.
 ...
PMID:Pleomorphic adenoma in the periphery of the lung. Report of a case and review of the literature. 201 2

Antigen expression in a human glioblastoma was investigated by immunochemical methods in the primary tumor, the first and second recurrence, a permanent cell line derived from the first recurrence and in its xenotransplantation tumors. In the primary tumor, GFAP, vimentin, S100, Leu-7 and glioma-associated antigens (GAA) as defined by the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) MUC 2-39, MUC 8-22 and MUC 2-63 were markedly expressed. In the recurrences, gradual loss of GFAP and Leu-7 could be observed, whereas S100, vimentin and GAA gave similar results to those in the primary tumor. In contrast, fibronectin and collagen IV, which were restricted to the vessel walls in the primary tumor, were represented in sarcomatous areas of the recurrences. In some of these areas, co-expression of glial cell markers was observed. In short-term cell cultures, expression of glia- and glioma-associated antigens as well as fibronectin and collagen IV was comparable to that of the recurrent tumor tissue. In long-term passages, immunoreactivity of GFAP, Leu-7 and S100 decreased, whereas GAA, vimentin and fibronectin increased. Collagen IV positive cells were not visible beyond passage 15. Transplantation tumors were only partly positive for glial cell markers, but revealed strong immunoreactivity for GAA, fibronectin and collagen IV. With these observations we confirm that the phenotypic variability of glioma cells makes it difficult to identify the origin of cells in human glioblastomas from their antigenicity.
 ...
PMID:Antigen variation in a human glioblastoma: from the primary tumor to the second recurrence, permanent cell line and xenotransplantation tumors. 206 11

Two cases of congenital or infantile fibrosarcoma are described that were incompletely excised at the time of primary excision and have not recurred or metastasized after 3 years. The tumors were composed of densely cellular spindle cells with a high mitotic index. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for vimentin but negative for desmin and S-100. The tumor cells were grown in vitro, and a karyotype was obtained. Both tumors had normal diploid modal karyotypes. In addition, fragments of the primary tumor from both cases were injected subcutaneously into nude mice; neither tumor could be heterotransplanted. The clinical course and biologic features of these two tumors suggest that congenital or infantile sarcoma does not have the properties of a malignant neoplasm, and thus the designation of these tumors as a sarcoma may be a misnomer.
 ...
PMID:Infantile fibrosarcoma--a misnomer? 208 36

Mixed mesodermal tumors and carcinosarcomas of the uterus are classified as sarcomas. However, in other sites, malignant biphasic tumors may be classified as carcinomas, mesotheliomas, or sarcomas. In order to clarify their behavior and patterns of differentiation, we performed a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 22 cases aimed at analyzing the pattern of spread and histologic appearance of the metastasis, as well as the distribution of intermediate filaments in the primary tumor and the metastasis. Four monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were used to detect epithelial lineage, three that recognize keratin (AE1/AE3, CAM5.2, MAK6) and one that recognizes epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). A Mab against vimentin was also used. Metastases involved the omentum, pelvic peritoneum, ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, liver parenchyma, and tonsil. These metastases were composed of carcinoma only. Lymphatic/vascular invasion was identified in 11 cases; it consisted exclusively of carcinoma. In all 12 cases evaluated immunohistochemically, keratin and EMA were identified in the majority of the cells in the epithelial component and in a more focal distribution in the spindle cell component in 11 (92%). Vimentin was detected in the majority of spindle cells in nine cases (75%) and in a more focal distribution in the epithelial component in six cases (50%). In the spindle cell component, keratin and EMA were present in widely scattered individual spindle-shaped and rounded cells, within solid clusters of rounded cells, and in nests of cells with small lumens. The distribution of keratin, EMA, and vimentin in the metastases (carcinoma in all instances) was similar to the epithelial component in the primary tumor. Our findings indicate that the epithelial component of these tumors invades lymphatic/vascular spaces and metastasizes, whereas the spindle cell component has limited metastatic potential, if any. Since the behavior of these neoplasms is dictated by the epithelial element, we believe that mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus should be classified as carcinomas rather than sarcomas.
 ...
PMID:The significance of epithelial differentiation in mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study. 215 43

A 84-year-old female patient suffering from atypical fibroxanthoma is presented. A diagnosis of malignant melanoma or a cutaneous metastasis from an unknown primary tumor was suspected. The final diagnosis was established by immunohistological studies showing a strongly positive reaction to vimentin and a negative reaction to S-100 protein and cytokeratin.
 ...
PMID:[The atypical fibroxanthoma]. 217 70


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>