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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human multiple myeloma (MM) xenografts have been difficult to establish in athymic mice. We examined the feasibility of establishing human MM xenograft growth in SCID mice following subcutaneous (sc) injection of 1-2 x 10(7) cells from the human plasma cell dyscrasia (PCD) cell lines RPMI 8226 and ARH-77. SC tumors emerged in 67% (6/9) of RPMI 8226- and 6 of 6 ARH-77-injected mice after a latency period of 9-54 days, and reached 19-35 mm in diameter before the mice were sacrificed. RPMI 8226 and ARH-77 primary tumor DNA hybridized positively with the human genome probe Alul-(Blur8), confirming successful engraftment of the human MM cell lines. The RPMI 8226 xenografts comprised predominantly of plasmacytoid cells that expressed the relevant cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (cIg) light chain isotype. Xenografted RPMI 8226 cells also expressed CD10 (CALLA; 44% reactive cells), CD38 (OKTIO; 69%), CD5 (49%), and reacted with the MM monoclonal antibody MM4 (39%). Human MM growth appeared to be localized subcutaneously for both RPMI 8226 and ARH-77 xenografts. There were no detectable metastatic foci in kidney, brain, heart, or bone marrow. Whereas diffuse plasma cell infiltrates were observed in spleen, GI tract, and lung biopsies of tumor-bearing mice, these infiltrates were of host origin according to immunophenotyping and DNA analyses. Neither the originating RPMI 8226 line nor its SCID mouse xenograft expressed Epstein Barr virus (EBV) genome sequences. These observations indicate that both EBV- (RPMI 8226) and EBV+ (ARH-77) cell lines can be successfully propagated in SCID mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Heterotransplantation of human multiple myeloma cell lines in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. 839 Dec 43

We describe 9 cases of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (LYL) without evidence of marrow or blood involvement. Four patients had superficial nodal disease, 2 cutaneous involvement, and 1 each ovarian, retroperitoneal, or tonsillar primary tumor. Six patients had limited disease; 3 patients were stage III. Immunophenotyping revealed a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-positive, immature B-cell population with variable expression of CD10, CD20, and CD45. All patients are in complete clinical remission (median follow-up, 14 months). A literature review yielded 105 patients with a diagnosis of precursor B-cell LYL based on less than 25% marrow involvement. Of these, 64% were younger than 18 years. Skin, lymph nodes, and bone were the most common sites of disease. Mediastinal involvement was uncommon. TdT, CD19, CD79a, CD10, and HLA-DR were the most frequently expressed antigens, while CD45 and CD20 were expressed in only two thirds of the cases. Cytogenetic analysis showed additional 21q material as a recurring karyotypic abnormality. At a median follow-up of 26 months, 74% of patients were alive; the median survival was 19 months for patients dying of disease. Comparison with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed several overlapping features, although distinct differences were identified.
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PMID:Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. A study of nine cases lacking blood and bone marrow involvement and review of the literature. 1139 84

Three endometrial and one extrauterine endometrioid stromal tumors (three sarcomas and one stromal nodule) with a prominent component of epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm are described. The patients were 39, 48, 56 and 86 years of age. The endometrial sarcomas were described grossly as an ill-defined tan nodule and "ragged and papillary," respectively, and had the typical infiltrative pattern of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. The stromal nodule was a 13-cm, well circumscribed, yellow, fleshy mass. The extrauterine tumor was probably primary in the sigmoid colon. Oval to polygonal epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm accounted for 50% to 90% of the tumor cells. The cytoplasm was granular in one case. None of the tumors contained cells with a rhabdoid appearance. Nuclear and other features did not differ from those of usual endometrial-endometrioid stromal tumors except in one case in which there was greater nuclear pleomorphism. There was strong diffuse cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of all four tumors for vimentin and for CD10 in three of three tumors tested, as well as extensive and moderate reactivity for NK1/C3 and focal weak reactivity for CD68 in two of three tumors tested. Muscle actin positivity was very focal to extensive and weak to strong in all three tumors tested, mainly in the epithelioid areas; alpha-smooth muscle actin was focally to extensively positive in the epithelioid areas of two of three tumors tested; and focal strong desmin positivity (interpreted as indicating smooth muscle metaplasia) was found in the epithelioid areas of one of four tumors. A vaginal recurrence in one case had similar cytologic features to the primary tumor but when examined initially in the absence of adequate history posed diagnostic difficulty, as did evaluation of the uterine tumor in two other cases and the extrauterine tumor in the final case. The differential in these cases is primarily with an epithelioid smooth muscle tumor when they are uterine primaries. The typical infiltration facilitates this distinction in the cases of endometrial stromal sarcomas, but this feature is usually only evident in hysterectomy specimens. In limited samples such as biopsy or curettage specimens, and in some cases of recurrent tumor, awareness that endometrial-endometrioid stromal tumors can have epithelioid cells is crucial in the formulation of the differential diagnosis. Diverse oxyphilic tumors, including deciduoid malignant mesothelioma, can potentially be in the differential diagnosis with extrauterine (endometrioid) stromal sarcomas with epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemical evaluation may potentially provide major aid in diagnosis.
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PMID:Epithelioid endometrial and endometrioid stromal tumors: a report of four cases emphasizing their distinction from epithelioid smooth muscle tumors and other oxyphilic uterine and extrauterine tumors. 1178 23

The diagnosis of primary clear cell carcinoma of the ovary or kidney is usually straightforward. However, problems in ascertaining the site of the primary tumor may arise when there is widespread metastatic disease or when clear cell carcinoma is present in both the ovary and kidney. In this study, the value of a panel of antibodies in distinguishing between an ovarian and renal clear cell carcinoma was evaluated. The panel comprised cytokeratin (CK)7 and 20, vimentin, estrogen receptor (ER), CD10, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) marker. Ovarian clear cell carcinomas (n=14) were positive with CK7 (14/14), vimentin (6/14), ER (2/14), and RCC marker (2/14). All were negative with CD10 and CK20. Renal clear cell carcinomas (n=14) were positive with CD10 (14/14), RCC marker (14/14), vimentin (7/14), CK7 (2/14), and CK20 (1/14). All were negative with ER. This panel allows clear cell carcinomas of the ovary and kidney to be distinguished with a high degree of certainty and is a useful adjunct to histologic examination. Primary ovarian clear cell carcinomas are characterized by CK7 positivity, whereas primary renal neoplasms are characterized by positivity for CD10 and RCC marker and negative staining with CK7.
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PMID:A panel of immunohistochemical stains assists in the distinction between ovarian and renal clear cell carcinoma. 1281 95

We report the clinicopathologic findings of four cases of liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls. Two cases occurred in the retroperitoneum and the remaining cases in the anterior mediastinum and scrotum. The whorls varied in terms of amount and morphology and the type tissue surrounding the whorls also varied in every case. One of the retroperitoneal cases with large areas of whorl coalescence recurred in the abdominal wall as an inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma one year after primary resection of the tumor, and a metastasis to the cervical spines was detected twenty months later. The other retroperitoneal tumor recurred locally two years after the resection of the tumor and the amount and cellularity of the whorls as well as p53 reactivity and Ki-67 labeling index were higher in the recurrent tumor. However, coalescence of the whorls was not present in the recurrent tumor in contrast to the primary tumor. The anterior mediastinal and scrotal cases have demonstrated neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis although the follow-up period has been less than one year. The cells comprising whorls showed positive reactions for CD10, CD56, CD99, factor XIII, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor in addition to vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Our results indicate that liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls is a heterogeneous group that shows wide variations in histologic findings and biologic behavior. The phenotypic transformation of the whorls to higher grade in two retroperitoneal tumors, which showed recurrence within two years of follow up, supports that a whorl is a sign of dedifferentiation. Although we demonstrate the expressions of several markers, such as CD10, CD56, CD99, factor XIII, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor, in the spindle cells of the whorls for the first time, the lineage of the whorls still cannot be addressed due to the fact that these markers are lineage nonspecific.
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PMID:Liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls. Report of four cases showing diverse histologic findings and behavior. 1283 76

In this report, we present two cases of axillary lymph node metastatic breast carcinoma with features mimicking ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): one was of the comedo-like type and the other was suggestive of the micropapillary type. In the first case, the primary tumor presented DCIS of the comedo type; however, in the second case, the primary tumor consisted only of the invasive ductal component. Immunohistochemistry against smooth muscle actin, S100-protein, CK5/6, CD10, P63, and 34betaE12 did not identify myoepithelial cells either in DICS of the first primary tumor or in both metastases. These features probably do not represent the true DCISs, but only mimic them. This observation suggests that a proportion of "primary DCIS" may constitute an invasive pseudo-DCIS carcinoma, and immunohistochemical identification of myoepithelial cells may be helpful in such cases.
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PMID:Ductal carcinoma in situ-like structures in metastatic breast carcinoma. 1579 28

A 70-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of progressive general fatigue and anorexia. A physical examination revealed severe anemic condition, mild persistent splenomegaly, and no palpable surface lymph nodes. He had pleural effusion and ascites, though no malignant cells were detected in the effusion. He eventually died without any diagnosis of his disease. Immunohistochemical staining of his tumor after autopsy showed atypical cells that were negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), keratin (AE1/3), keratin-20, vimentin, factor VIII, leukocyte common antigen (LCA/T200; CD45), myeloperoxidase (MPO), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), lysozyme, CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD10, CD15, CD20 (L26), CD21, CD23, CD34, CD43, CD56, CD68, CD79a, CD138, and EBER-1 in situ. Only a few scattered cells expressed CD30, but they showed no staining for anaplastic large-cell lymphoma kinase (ALK). A few scattered cells expressed S-100 antigen and the majority of cells dominantly expressed dendritic cell-associated antigens (CD35, FDC, Ki-M1p). In conclusion, we found this unknown primary tumor to be consistent with a follicular dendritic cell tumor with anaplastic features.
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PMID:Follicular dendritic cell tumor as an unknown primary tumor. 1738 Apr 43

The aim of the study was to analyze several cases of secondary tumors to the thyroid, by focusing on the role of the immunohistochemical (IHC) exam in specifying the origin of the tumoral process. The studied group included 16 patients, investigated by fine-needle aspiration biopsy, frozen sections at the surgical moment, routine histopathological exam and immunohistochemical staining, using different antibodies, in accordance with the histological aspects. The final diagnosis was established as follows: metastases of squamocellular carcinoma with different degree of differentiation (seven cases), metastases of adenocarcinoma (four cases), metastases of renal cell carcinoma (two cases), metastases of Hodgkin (one case) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (two cases). In four cases, the primary tumors were identified after the diagnosis of their metastases in thyroid. The immunohistochemical staining was useful in the diagnosis of squamocellular carcinoma metastases, poorly differentiated (CK19 positive), of renal cell carcinoma with clear cells (CK18, CK19 and CD10 positive) and in the establishing of the tumoral origin for adenocarcinomas (CK7 positive--respiratory tract, CK20 positive--digestive tract). Secondary tumors to the thyroid are rare tumors, with miscellaneous histological aspects, reason for which the diagnostic may be difficult. In these cases IHC is a useful method, allowing to the identification of the primary tumor.
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PMID:The value of the immunohistochemical exam in the diagnosis of the secondary malignant tumors to the thyroid gland. 1764 97

A 92-year-old male presented for routine endoscopic surveillance of his gastrointestinal (GI) tract. He did not have any GI symptoms currently, and the patient had undergone a right nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma 17 years previously. A lower GI endoscopy revealed polyps in the ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and sigmoid colon (2 polyps). All the polyps were snared and removed in toto. Histological evaluation of all 4 polyps showed similar features. There was expansion of the lamina propria by sheets of clear cells arranged in a nested pattern with a rich vascular network. Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor to be positive for low-molecular-weight cytokeratin, CD10, and vimentin. The features were morphologically and immunophenotypically that of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. This case highlights an extremely unusual presentation of recurrent renal cell carcinoma as multiple, separate colonic polyps 17 years after resection of the primary tumor.
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PMID:Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma presenting as multiple colonic polyps. 1941 Dec 76

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) commonly involves extranodal sites, usually as a manifestation of disseminated disease. In rare cases, MCLs may arise as a primary tumor in the skin. Blastoid mantle cell lymphoma (BV-MCL) is a rare variant and has a more aggressive clinical course. The phenotype of BV-MCL is characterized as CD20+, CD5+, cyclin D1+, CD23-, and CD10-. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization shows a characteristic t(11;14) fusion pattern. We report a case of a BV-MCL arising in skin as primary cutaneous MCL with the characteristic immunophenotype and translocation.
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PMID:Primary cutaneous blastoid mantle cell lymphoma-case report. 1946 Dec 49


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