Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six new cell lines have been established from human neuroblastomas. Cell line SMS-KAN, from primary tumor before therapy, and line SMS-KANR, from bone marrow after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, were established from the same patient. Cell lines SMS-KCN (from primary tumor before any therapy) and SMS-KCNR (from bone marrow after chemotherapy) were established from another patient. Two other lines (SMS-MSN and SMS-SAN) were established from different patients before any therapy was given. Cell lines established from recurrent disease after chemotherapy (SMS-KANR and SMS-KCNR) had significantly shorter doubling times and increased plating efficiencies compared to those of cell lines derived from the same patient before chemotherapy (SMS-KAN and SMS-KCN). All cell lines contained tyrosine hydroxylase, aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Measurable amounts of choline acetyltransferase were also detected in SMS-KAN and SMS-KANR. Karyotype analysis showed all cell lines except SMS-MSN to be pseudodiploid with modal numbers of 46 and deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1; SMS-MSN had a modal number of 57-58 chromosomes. All cell lines had double-minute chromosomes, except SMS-KANR, which had abnormally banding regions. These new cell lines provide in vitro models of neuroblastoma suitable for the study of differences in neuroblastoma cell populations before chemotherapy as compared to the cell populations that proliferate after therapy.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of human neuroblastoma cell lines established before and after therapy. 345 56

Autotaxin (ATX) is a newly found autocrine tumor cell motility-stimulating factor. ATX is a member of the ecto-phosphodiesterase I (PD-I)/ nucleotide pyrophosphatase family. PD-Ialpha was found as a brain-type ecto-phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase. ATX and PD-Ialpha are alternative splicing products from one gene. ATX stimulates motility of A2058 melanoma cells in vitro; however, it has not been known if PD-Ialpha/ATX is expressed in naturally occurred human tumors. In this study, we examined the expression of the human PD-Ialpha/ATX gene in human neuroblastoma tumor tissues and the motility stimulating activity of recombinant ATX on neuroblastoma cells and investigated its transcriptional regulatory mechanism in a human neuroblastoma cell line. The PD-Ialpha/ATX gene was expressed in the primary tumor tissues from neuroblastoma patients to varying degrees. This gene is also expressed in the SMS-KAN neuroblastoma cell line. We identified both isoforms, PD-Ialpha and ATX, in these tumor tissues and SMS-KAN cells. The recombinant ATX stimulated the motility of SMS-KAN cells at low nanomolar concentration. We situated the promoter region, which is essential for its transcription in SMS-KAN cells, at -287 to -254 nucleotides by the promoter activity assay. The gel-shift assay revealed that there exists a nuclear protein in SMS-KAN cells that binds this region. These new insights about autocrine tumor cell motility-stimulating protein will help us to understand the metastatic mechanism of human neuroblastoma.
 ...
PMID:Expression and transcriptional regulation of the PD-Ialpha/autotaxin gene in neuroblastoma. 919 34