Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of MCT with immunoreactivity for both thyroglobulin and calcitonin in the same neoplastic cells is reported. Double-stained tumor cells were present both in the primary tumor and in lymph node metastases.
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PMID:Concurrent production of calcitonin and thyroglobulin by the same neoplastic cells. 371 99

Involvement of regional lymph nodes is extremely common in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland (MTC). The aim of the present study was to determinate the prognostic of MTC correlated with the regional lymph node involvement. From 1975 to 1994, 23 MTC patients were treated. The surgical protocol included a total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of the jugulocarotid chain and of the paratracheal groove. We have distinguished two groups: group N+ (histological lymph nodes involvement) and group N- (absence of histological lymph nodes involvement). In each group we have evaluated the prognostic significance of age, sex, palpable lymph nodes, histological capsular effraction and presence of distant metastasis. The data were analyzed with the exact Fisher test and comparisons by Student t test. Significance was defined as p > 0.05. Survical curves were based on the method of Kaplan Meier. In Group N+ (n = 15), 9/15 patients died: they had palpable lymph nodes, histological capsular effraction and distant synchronous or metachronous metastasis. The median survival was 8 months, when patients have distant metastasis. Six patients are alive, 2 with an elevated thyrocalcitonin level without metastasis, and 3 with resection of metastatic MCT to regional lymph nodes. In groupe N- (n = 8), all patients are alive: 2/8 patients had palpable lymph nodes, 1/8 had histological capsular effraction, but none had distant metastasis. 2 patients underwent resection of regional lymph metastasis and one of pulmonary metachronous metastasis. Gender did not appear to affect the lymph involvement. Factors significantly associated in the group N+ included the following: age (p = 0.003), palpable lymph nodes (p = 0.015), capsular effraction (p > 0.00025), distant synchronous metastasis (p < 0.013). The regional lymph node metastasis had significant influence on the 5-year survival, 48% vs 100% (p = 0.006), and on disease free survival, 16.6% vs 62.5% (p = 0.018). The median time from resection of the primary tumor to the development of metastasis disease was 37 months for patients N+ vs 169 months for patients N-. Involvement lymph node did not affect the metastasis disease, regional involvement or distant metastasis (p > 0.05).
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PMID:[Lymph node involvement and prognosis in medullary cancers of the thyroid gland]. 874 14

Cancer accounts for 13% of the yearly total mortality worldwide. Most cancer deaths are the sequel of metastatic diseases rather than of primary tumor growth. Thus, the major challenge in tumor therapy is the tumor cells' ability to metastasize. The extent to which a tumor metastasizes correlates with the tumor cells' migratory activity. Tumor cell migration requires a coordinated formation and release of cell adhesion contacts, a controlled cytoskeletal dynamics, the digestion and reorganization of the extracellular matrix, and local ion and water transport across the plasma membrane. All of these operations depend on intracellular pH (pH(i)) and extracellular pH (pH(e)). Numerous H(+), HCO (3) (-) , and monocarboxylate transporters as well as different carbonic anhydrase isozymes have considerable impact on pH(i) and pH(e) which spotlights them as possible, potential targets for anticancer therapeutics. Especially in solid tumors whose vascularization is often not sufficient, tumor cells cope with hypoxia and the resulting glycolysis by overexpressing the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE1, monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and/or MCT4, and the carbonic anhydrase CA IX. NHE1, MCT, and CA IX activity lead to an acidification of the extracellular space in order to maintain the cytosolic pH homeostasis stable. The present article gives a review on how this characteristic, acidic tumor micro- and nanoenvironment controls tumor cell migration.
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PMID:Protons make tumor cells move like clockwork. 1943 33

The prognostic value of mast cells (MCs) in patients with liver metastases is a relatively new topic. The present study comparatively assessed tryptase-positive (MCT(+)) and CD117(+) MCs in liver metastases from various sites and correlated their expression with clinicopathological prognostic factors and survival. Our data pointed to differences in MCT and CD117 expression in liver metastases that seem to be related to the origin of the primary tumor. For colon cancer metastases, intra-tumor MCT(+) MCs were significantly correlated with tumor grade and nodal status, while peritumoral MCT(+) MCs and peritumoral CD117(+) MCs were significantly correlated with overall survival. No significant correlations between MCT(+) and CD117(+) MC number and clinicopathological parameters or survival were found for gastric cancer metastases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding MC involvement in liver metastases from different malignant tumors correlated with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival. Different mast cell phenotype together with their specific correlation with tumor grade, nodal status and survival suggest their involvement in the metastatic process in a specific manner related to tumor origin. Mast cells from liver metastases remain a questionable issue regarding their origin, pathogenic role and their ability to be potential targets for adjuvant therapy.
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PMID:Tryptase-positive and CD117 Positive Mast Cells Correlate with Survival in Patients with Liver Metastasis. 2640 93

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, mixed connective tissue variant (PMT-MCT) causes tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). Most cases follow a benign clinical course, with rare occurrences of malignant transformation. We report a case of malignant PMT-MCT and review previous malignant cases to identify predictive factors for transformation. A 13-yr-old female, who presented with hypophosphatemic rickets, elevated serum intact fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, and a nodule in the back, received a diagnosis of TIO because of the benign PMT histopathology. After resection of the primary tumor, regular imaging analyses did not indicate any relapse. At 17 years of age, a tumor developed in the left leg and increased in size. The resected tumor showed a histopathology of pleomorphic sarcoma positive for the TP53 mutation. Despite amputation of the affected leg, the patient died due to multiple metastases at 18 years of age. A literature review revealed that 14 out of 15 reported malignant PMT-MCT tumors occurred in adults, and found no predictive factors for malignant transformation and treatment outcome. Changes in size or number of the tumors along with intact FGF23 levels have been considered as the only sign of malignant transformation. This pediatric case report and literature review indicate the need for prolonged regular monitoring for PMT-MCT.
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PMID:Malignant transformation of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor: a case report and literature review. 3231 75