Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea in June 1988, and diagnosed as having small-cell lung carcinoma by cytological findings of pleural effusion. He was treated three times with CAV (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine) therapy and a partial response was achieved. In March 1989, he was again admitted complaining of right dull hypochondralgia accompanied by enlargement of primary tumor in the right lower lobe of the lung and metastases to mediastinal and intraabdominal lymph nodes. Because it was an aged and recurrent case, he was treated with continuous five-day infusion of etoposide, 30 mg/m2/day and CDDP, 18.5 mg/m2/day. After the second course, subjective symptoms clearly disappeared and swelling of mediastinal and intraabdominal lymph nodes was markedly reduced on computed tomography. No severe side effects except for moderate myelosuppression, alopecia and nausea were observed. This regimen appears useful in the treatment of small-cell lung carcinoma in elderly patients.
 ...
PMID:[Successful treatment of a pretreated elderly case of small-cell lung carcinoma with continuous five-day intravenous infusion of cisplatin plus etoposide]. 165 91

Type I anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies (ANNA-I, also known as "Hu") are a distinctive serologic marker of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) in patients who have peripheral neuropathies or encephalomyeloradiculopathies. A tumor antigen reactive with these antibodies has been identified by other investigators by Western blot analyses, but an antigen has not been localized in SCLC immunohistochemically. We therefore tested, by indirect immunofluorescence, the sera of 49 sequential ANNA-I-positive patients and 30 control subjects for IgG reactive with SCLC. Two tumor cell lines were tested, one established from the primary tumor of a patient with Lambert-Eaton syndrome and the second from the metastatic lesion of a patient without neurologic disease. IgG in all ANNA-I-positive sera bound to both tumors. In most instances, the pattern resembled that seen in neurons, with strong homogeneous nuclear staining, sparing of nucleoli, and faint cytoplasmic staining. A highly significant correlation was noted between endpoint dilutions obtained on SCLC substrates and on central and peripheral neurons (r = 0.863; P less than 0.001). IgG in 3 of 30 control sera bound in low titer to SCLC cells but not to neurons, and 9 control sera contained non-organ-specific anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA). The ANA IgG was absorbed equivalently by homogenates of SCLC or colonic adenocarcinoma cells. In contrast, the reactivity of ANNA-I IgG with cerebellar and myenteric plexus neurons was absorbed only by homogenized SCLC cells. These findings suggest that SCLC antigens account for all neuronal reactivity of ANNA-I. IgG of this specificity may serve as a useful reagent for identifying SCLC cells in surgical pathologic and cytologic specimens.
 ...
PMID:Paraneoplastic anti-neuronal nuclear IgG autoantibodies (type I) localize antigen in small cell lung carcinoma. 166 Sep 50

Using the hydroxylamine-osmium tetroxide (HOT) technique, we have identified a constitutional point mutation in the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) which segregates with the expression of retinoblastoma in five affected family members. One member developed a second primary tumor, a small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), which metastasized to the liver. Analysis of liver tumour DNA revealed homozygosity for the constitutional mutation, a G----A transition at the fifth base of intron 21, resulting in the excision of exon 21 from the mRNA. This is the first demonstration of homozygotization of a constitutional RB mutation in a metastatic second primary tumour and underlines the usefulness of the HOT technique for identification of mutations of the RB1 gene.
 ...
PMID:A familial RB1 mutation detected by the HOT technique is homozygous in a second primary neoplasm. 166 95

DNA content of paraffin-embedded tumour material from 110 patients with lung carcinoma was measured by means of flow cytometry. Aneuploidy was found in 78% of the patients. The mean DNA ploid, the percentage of hyperdiploidy and the percentage of multiploidy in small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma were higher than those obtained in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. These values were also higher in grade III squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma as compared with grade I and II squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. They were also higher in lung carcinoma with the primary tumor size greater than or equal to 3 cm than that less than 3 cm. The five-year survival rate and mid mean survival time of patients with hyperdiploidy were significantly lower than those of patients with diploidy and hypodiploidy. Conclusively, DNA content is considered closely related to the degree of malignancy of lung carcinoma and may be adapted as a reliable criterion in estimating the prognosis of lung carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:[Flow cytometric DNA analysis and its relationship with pathology and prognosis in lung carcinoma]. 166 1

A case of single splenic metastasis from large cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung is described. The patient first underwent pulmonary lobectomy and then splenectomy. He is still alive 42 months after the first operation and 41 after the second. The case herein described is rather uncommon, due to the rarity of single splenic metastases, and the long survival of the patient. The latter point strongly suggests an aggressive surgical approach to single metastases, even if primary tumor has extremely poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:[Splenic metastases of pulmonary carcinoma. Apropos of a clinical case]. 166 28

The authors analyse 62 patients suffering from carcinoma of the colon with metastases in the lungs. Six patients were operated on not only for primary tumor of the colon but also in solitary metastatic affection of the lungs. The interval during which a solitary metastasis in the lung was detected lasted 18.1 months on average. Palliative resection of the colon when distal metastases were found in the lungs was conducted in 21 patients; in 7 of these patients, metastases in the lungs were recognized before the operation while in 2 the diagnosed solitary metastasis was mistaken for carcinoma of the lung and only during operation for ileus was the tumor of the colon discovered. The postoperative mortality was 23.8%, in 17.7%, death was caused by incompetence of anastomosis sutures.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of colonic cancer with metastases to the lungs]. 169 93

Squamous, large cell, and adenocarcinoma, collectively termed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are diagnosed in approximately 75% of patients with lung cancer in the United States. The treatment of these three tumor cell types is approached in virtually identical fashion because, in contrast to small cell carcinoma of the lung, NSCLC more frequently presents with localized disease at the time of diagnosis and is thus more often amenable to surgical resection but less frequently responds to chemotherapy and irradiation. Cigarette smoking is etiologically related to the development of NSCLC in the great majority of cases. Genetic mutations in dominant oncogenes such as K-ras, loss of genetic material on chromosomes 3p, 11p, and 17p, and deletions or mutations in tumor suppressor genes such as rb and p53 have been documented in NSCLC tumors and tumor cell lines. NSCLC is diagnosed because of symptoms related to the primary tumor or regional or distant metastases, as an incidental finding on chest radiograph, or rarely because of a paraneoplastic syndrome such as hypercalcemia or hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. Screening smokers with periodic chest radiographs and sputum cytologic examination has not been shown to reduce mortality. The diagnosis of NSCLC is usually established by fiberoptic bronchoscopy or percutaneous fine-needle aspiration, by biopsy of a regional or distant metastatic site, or at the time of thoracotomy. Pathologically, NSCLC arises in a setting of bronchial mucosal metaplasia and dysplasia that progressively increase over time. Squamous carcinoma more often presents as a central endobronchial lesion, while large cell and adenocarcinoma have a tendency to arise in the lung periphery and invade the pleura. Once the diagnosis is made, the extent of tumor dissemination is determined. Since most NSCLC patients who survive 5 years or longer have undergone surgical resection of their cancers, the focus of the staging process is to determine whether the patient is a candidate for thoracotomy with curative intent. The dominant prognostic factors in NSCLC are extent of tumor dissemination, ambulatory or performance status, and degree of weight loss. Stages I and II NSCLC, which are confined within the pleural reflection, are managed by surgical resection whenever possible, with approximate 5-year survival of 45% and 25%, respectively. Patients with stage IIIa cancers, in which the primary tumor has extended through the pleura or metastasized to ipsilateral or subcarinal lymph nodes, can occasionally be surgically resected but are often managed with definitive thoracic irradiation and have 5-year survival of approximately 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Non-small cell lung cancer. Part II: Treatment. 171 39

A new fungal strain, Trichoderma sp., discovered in Moscow, produces the antitumor enzyme, lysine-oxidase, which demonstrates an anti-invasive effect in vitro and anti-metastatic activity in vivo. Maximal inhibition of the in vitro invasion of MM1 clone cells was obtained when the tumor cells were pretreated with 2.5 mU/ml of lysine-oxidase; the pretreatment caused a 1.9-times reduction in cell growth and a 1.6-times reduction in the invasive capacity. We studied its anti-metastatic effect on the spreading Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in mice from which the primary tumor had been removed. The administration of the enzyme (50 U/kg, i.v.) significantly decreased not only the extent but the number of lung metastases, as compared with the untreated mice. In addition to that, the lysine-oxidase treatment considerably increases the life-span of mice from which the primary tumor had been removed (200 days after 3LL implantation, lysine-oxidase treatment caused surviving of 50% mice in experimental group).
 ...
PMID:[Anti-invasive and anti-metastatic effect of lysine oxidase from Trichoderma sp. in vitro and in vivo]. 180 61

A 76-year-old man with spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma of the lung developed fatal respiratory failure after limited thoracic irradiation at a total dose of 18 Gy. He developed severe pulmonary toxicity, which presented as dry cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrates extending beyond the radiation field. Microscopically, a transitional form of squamous to spindle-shaped cells was observed in the primary tumor, located at right S8. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining of spindle cells for keratin, vimentin, and EMA, but not for desmin. These results indicate that the spindle cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells, and differed from carcinosarcoma. Distant metastatic lesions were composed of only the spindle cell component.
 ...
PMID:[A case of spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma (WHO) of the lung]. 180 85

The antimetastatic effect of cepharanthin with or without 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was examined in an experimental model of lung metastasis induced by Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in C57BL/6crSlc mice. Injection of cepharanthin i.p. after removal of the implanted primary tumor inhibited the development of lung metastases. Combination therapy with cepharanthin plus 5-FU inhibited significantly the lung metastases. Lung metastases were inhibited by i.v. injection of peritoneal macrophages activated with cepharanthin. Cepharanthin depressed aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine demethylase activities of the hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing system in tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, the concentration of 5-FU in the tissues (lung, liver, kidney, spleen and blood) was increased significantly by coadministration of cepharanthin. A possible mechanism of the inhibition of lung metastases by treatment with cepharanthin may be that this drug acts through macrophage activation and depression of the hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing system. These findings raise the possibility that combination therapy with cepharanthin plus 5-FU may have clinical value in the prevention of cancer metastasis.
 ...
PMID:Inhibitory effect of a biscoclaurine alkaloid, cepharanthin, on lung metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma. 188 Sep 98


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>