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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antigenic differences between primary tumors and their cervical lymph node metastases of 12 patients with head and neck cancers were examined by measuring their sensitivity to cytotoxic lymphocytes (CL). Cytotoxicity was induced by autologous mixed lymphocyte (CL). Cytotoxicity was induced by autologous mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture (MLTC), and further cultivation with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). The effector cells which were used in this study consisted of OKT3+8+ and OKT3+4+ subpopulations. Their cytotoxic nature was different from lymphokine activated killer cell (LAK cell) activity. Cytotoxicity of CLs stimulated by autologous primary tumor cells (CLP) was observed in 7 out of 12 patients (58.3%). In contrast, cytotoxicity of CLs stimulated by metastatic tumor cells (CLM) was observed in 4 out of 12 patients (33.3%). In the cases in which both CLP and CLM were successfully induced, cross-reactivity tests and cold target inhibition tests were performed. These results suggested that a reduction in immunogenicity had occurred at the metastatic site, and sensitivity against autologous CL was different between primary and metastatic tumor cells.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1987
PMID:Differences of sensitivity to autologous cytotoxic lymphocytes between primary tumor and its cervical lymph node metastases. 350 23

The parapharyngeal space is a potential space located lateral to the upper pharynx and tonsillar area. This space can be involved either by direct extension, by perineural or neural spread, or by lymph node metastasis from cancers originating in adjacent sites. Between 1978 and 1984, 22 patients with T3 or T4 carcinoma of the head and neck region underwent dissection of the parapharyngeal space in conjunction with ablation of the primary tumor and standard radical neck dissection. Twelve of these patients had carcinoma arising in the oral cavity, 4 in the oropharynx, and 6 in the major salivary glands. Surgical approaches applied to the dissection of the space were the submandibular route combined with the transoral approach in 1 patient, transparotid in 3, the mandibular "swing" approach in 9, and mandibular composite resection in 9. The last 2 approaches allowed excellent control of the neurovascular structures up to their entrance into the skull base. In 18 patients of this series, the tumor was locoregionally controlled in 5 to 77 months (median 23 months) of follow-up. Dissection of the parapharyngeal space improves locoregional control rate of advanced head and neck cancers involving this space.
Auris Nasus Larynx 1985
PMID:Dissection of parapharyngeal space in head and neck cancer. 383 56

During the pathologic examination of neck dissection specimens, unexpected findings may occasionally be encountered. Such findings include the presence of a second primary tumor or a chronic infectious or inflammatory disease. We report a case of a 65-year-old man who underwent a supracricoid partial laryngectomy and bilateral neck dissection for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Histopathologic examination of the larynx revealed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, but examination of the neck dissection specimen revealed a mixed cellularity subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2009 Aug
PMID:Synchronous laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and Hodgkin lymphoma of the head and neck region. 1911 59

Some classical textbooks of anatomy provided a detailed description of the lingual nodes, which are small inconstant lymph nodes in the floor-of-mouth and the upper neck. The clinical importance of these lymph nodes in cancer therapy, however, has been underestimated so far. We previously reported an extremely poor prognosis of oral tongue cancer patients who had lesions at the root of the lingual artery and assumed that metastases in occult lingual nodes might be responsible for such lesions. This case report clearly demonstrates the distinctive draining course of the lateral lingual nodes, which may potentially be left untreated by a neck dissection. A 63-year-old Japanese male with T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue showed multiple metastatic involvements of the lateral lingual nodes; three nodes in close contact with the sublingual gland, and one node at the root of the lingual artery. A systematic inspection of lymph nodes along the draining course of the lateral lingual nodes should be included, because a neck dissection in continuity with the primary tumor (a pull-through approach) is still inadequate for the removal of the lymph nodes at the root of the lingual artery.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2010 Jun
PMID:Metastases to the lingual nodes in tongue cancer: a pitfall in a conventional neck dissection. 1989 29

We present 4 cases with metastasis to the thyroid gland (MTG), and discussed the diagnosis and treatment of MTG. It is not always easy to correctly diagnose MTG from primary thyroid cancer. Although fine needle aspiration biopsy is useful for the diagnosis of MTG, it is important to take other imaging studies and/or tumor marker into consideration. Thyroidectomy for MTG is controversial, but the good indication of thyroidectomy is considered for the patient whose primary tumor is controllable. Thyroidectomy may also be useful even for the patient with uncontrollable disease to prevent respiratory and swallowing problems caused by MTG.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2011 Jun
PMID:Management of metastasis to the thyroid gland. 2123 25

We herein report the case of a patient presenting with myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) who underwent treatment with surgery, proton beam therapy (PBT), and pazopanib. A 64-year-old male was diagnosed with MFS, which ranged from the posterior neck to the shoulder. Surgery was performed as an initial treatment; however, the primary tumor recurred 83 months after the initial treatment. We, therefore, administered PBT. Although most of the recurrent tumor disappeared after PBT, multiple lung metastases were identified 3 months after the completion of PBT. We initiated antiangiogenic treatment with pazopanib. Although long-term survival was achieved with the treatments, the patient suffered from a skin ulcer and soft tissue necrosis and eventually died of general prostration caused by infection, and complicated by pneumonia. Although PBT and pazopanib were effective for treating the local recurrence and lung metastases of MFS, respectively, clinicians must be cognizant of the fact that the combination of high-dose irradiation and angiogenesis inhibitors, even in nonconcurrent cases, can result in a severe skin ulcer and soft tissue necrosis.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2017 Aug
PMID:An unexpected skin ulcer and soft tissue necrosis after the nonconcurrent combination of proton beam therapy and pazopanib: A case of myxofibrosarcoma. 2752 16

Cancer of unknown primary in the head and neck is defined by the presence of cancer in one or more lymph nodes within the head and neck region, not confined to the supraclavicular region, without an identifiable primary tumor. These primary sites are increasingly being identified with the help of advanced diagnostic techniques such as endoscopy, PET/CT, the HPV test, the EBV test, evaluation of biomarkers, and pathological examination. However, the remainder of these patients fall into the category of metastatic cervical cancer of unknown primary (MCCUP). MCCUP accounts for approximately 3-5% of all head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Moreover, optimal therapy for patients with MCCUP is still controversial. The treatment options range from neck dissection alone to irradiation of the bilateral neck, with or without irradiation of plausible primary sites as well. In future, precision medicine should improve the diagnosis and methods of therapy for MCCUP patients.
Auris Nasus Larynx 2020 Sep 01
PMID:Cancer of unknown primary in the head and neck: Diagnosis and treatment. 3288 61