Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective analysis of 335 patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer from the ENT-Hospital of the Wilhelm-Pieck-University Rostock, who died to December 1986, was made. Adjusted five-year survival rates were in glottic carcinoma 54.2 per cent and supraglottic carcinoma 42.9 per cent. This is significantly higher than in carcinoma of hypopharynx with 15.4 per cent. The following prognostic factors were important for the survival rates of the patients without consideration of the therapy of primary tumor: pTNM-stage, evidence and development of regional metastasis, enlarged stage of the primary tumor at the time of diagnosis; intercurrent diseases; development of distant metastasis and/or second carcinoma; localisation of tumor; primary therapy of regional lymph nodes.
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PMID:[Prognostic factors in laryngeal cancer]. 275 76

A 66-year-old woman with hypopharyngeal cancer was treated with recombinant interferon-gamma (KW-2202). r-IFN-gamma was administered at a dose of 1-8 X 10(6) U/body every day for six weeks by i.v. drip infusion. After the start of the therapy both the primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes showed remarkable regression and PR was obtained. Observed side effects, which included fever and hepatic function disorder, were slight and transient. Immunological studies were also carried out on the patients and the results were reported. Further investigation will be necessary in order to confirm the efficacy of the drug and to compile data on immunological parameters.
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PMID:[A case of hypopharyngeal cancer responding to recombinant interferon-gamma (KW-2202)]. 310 10

201 cases with hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal cancer undergoing treatments at our hospital from 1969 to 1985 were analysed from the clinical viewpoints. 112 out of 201 cancer cases received radical operations and the resultant 5 year survival rate was 33.5%. Concerning the resection of primary tumor lesions, both procedures of pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy and radical neck dissection were performed for the cases with hypopharyngeal cancer. For cervical esophageal cancer, the operative procedures include partial resection of sternum and upper mediastinal dissection. As for reconstruction of cervical esophagus, we used mainly four materials such as gastric tube, free jejunum, free forearm flap and deltopectoral flap.
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PMID:[Some problems of treatment of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal cancer]. 378 41

Between July, 1978 and December, 1981, we treated 215 patients with laryngeal cancer and 57 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. The former exhibited good, latter poor, prognoses. Ten patients required a differential diagnosis between supraglottic lesion and pyriform sinus lesion. The initial symptoms, habits of smoking and drinking, sputum cytology, laryngo-tomography and contrast laryngograms which may contribute important information such as failure of the pyriform sinuses to fill, aid in establishing the site of origin of the primary tumor preoperatively. Tumors originating in the pyriform sinus should be operated, paying attention to the mesopharyngeal margin and multicentric carcinogenesis. We also discuss preoperative irradiation, neck dissection and chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Borderline cases between the laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers]. 650 50

From January 1988 to December 1990, 186 patients with laryngeal cancer or hypopharyngeal cancer underwent total laryngectomy in our hospital. We studied voice restoration in 110 of these patients by means of a direct interview method at the end of 1991. Seventy-six cases were excluded because of death (70) or being lost to follow-up (6). About 80% of the patients (89/110) attended esophageal speech classes, with a success rate of 78% (69/89). Seventy-four percent (51/69) had no problems with daily oral communication using esophageal speech. Neither radiation therapy nor post operative pharyngocutaneous fistula formation influenced the success rate. Neither did the site of the primary tumor in the larynx or hypopharynx exert an influence, although patients with laryngeal cancer were superior to those with hypopharyngeal cancer in terms of the quality of esophageal speech. It was found that age was the most important factor. Patients below 60 years old had a 90% success rate, between 60 and 75 the rate was 60% and above 75 it was only 10%. Unfortunately, 15% (17/110) of the laryngectomized patients used a pen and pad alone. Most were too old to attend esophageal speech classes.
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PMID:[Voice rehabilitation with esophageal speech in the laryngectomized]. 836 3

The purpose of this clinical study was to analyze a long-term follow-up of all the patients with head and neck cancer in our institution. Between 1973 and 1993, 1,355 consecutive cases of head and neck cancerwere diagnosed, treated and followed up regularly. All were subjected to a multidisciplinary approach, and followed up until death or for 10 years with no event of disease. The local relapse rate was 20% and the node-regional relapse rate 15%. Distant metastases were observed in 6% of the patients mainly arising from the nasopharynx (23%) followed by the hypopharynx (11%). The main organ involved was the lung (50%). Median follow-up of the group was 10 years (range 4 months to 15 years). Cancer cure was observed after 5 years in glottic and supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma, oral and nasopharyngeal cancer and after 2.5 years in patients with cancer of the oropharynx and hypopharynx. The highest cure rate was 80% in the glottis, followed by 70% in the supraglottic area, 45% in the mouth, 30% in the nasopharynx, 25% in the oropharynx, and 20% in the hypopharynx. A second primary tumor was observed in 7% of the patients and a third primary in 0.6% of the patients. Only in 7 patients, the second or third primary was seen after 5 years of follow-up. Curability should be observed after 5 years from definitive therapy of glottic, supraglottic, oral and nasopharyngeal and earlier in oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Further follow-up should be discontinued. Second and third neoplasias are the main problems after 5 years of follow-up but their incidence is low.
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PMID:Follow-up study in head and neck cancer: cure rate according to tumor location and stage. 897 91

A total of 65 patients with radiation-induced cancers of the head and neck region were treated and evaluated. The primary disease for which the radiotherapy had been applied was benign disease in 48 patients (including tuberculous lymphadenitis in 39 patients), and malignant tumors in 17 patients (including 9 laryngeal cancers and 5 thyroid cancers). The radiation-induced cancers included 35 cases of hypopharyngeal cancer, 15 of thyroid cancer, and 13 of cervical esophageal cancer. The mean duration from radiotherapy until the diagnosis of cancer was 12.8 years in the patients with malignant primary tumor and 32.9 years in those with benign primary diseases. Most of the patients underwent surgery for their cancer. The clinical course was poor and the outcome extremely poor, especially in those patients with field carcinogenesis. It is emphasized that excessively high dosage and wide radiation field should be avoided, and that radiotherapy for young patients with malignancies requires extremely careful management.
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PMID:Radiation-induced cancers of the head and neck region. 965 14

The charts of 173 patients treated by conservation laryngectomy and pharyngolaryngectomy were retrospectively reviewed. The patients treated by endoscopic laser resection were excluded of this study. Glottic carcinoma was diagnosed in 101 patients, supraglottic carcinoma in 44 patients, hypopharyngeal carcinoma in 24 patients and oropharyngeal carcinoma in 4 patients. The median follow-up period was 44 months, 84/101 glottic cancer, 34/44 supraglottic cancer, 23/24 hypopharyngeal cancer and 2/4 oropharyngeal cancer were staged as T1 and T2. A voice-sparing external approach was carried on in 20 patients with locally advanced tumor (T3-T4). At time of the last follow-up, 132 patients (77%) were alive when 41 patients (23%) died. Overall survival rates for patients treated for T1-T2 glottic cancer at 3, 5 and 10 years were 90, 90 and 78% respectively. Overall survival rates for patients treated for T1-T2 supralottic cancer at 3, 5 and 10 years were 73, 68 and 48% respectively. Overall survival rates for patients treated for T1-T2 hypopharyngeal cancer at 3 and 5 years were 74 and 37% respectively. The site of the primary tumor (glottic versus supraglottic or hypopharynx) showed significant impact on survival (P = 0.0025)). Regarding survival, T stage and N stage were not found statistically significant.
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PMID:Conservation surgery for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. 1063 94

A study was designed to assess the usefulness of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with surgically treated laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer with histologically proven positive neck nodes. Patients underwent operation between 1984 and 1995, with functional neck dissection (FND) being part of the treatment in all cases. The selection criteria included squamous cell carcinoma, negative margins for the primary tumor, and no previous treatment. For evaluation purposes, patients were divided into 2 groups: surgery alone versus surgery with postoperative RT. Eighty-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and entered the study. All but 1 of the patients were men. The mean age was 58 years (range, 35 to 77 years). A multivariate analysis was used to analyze the prognostic parameters selected by univariate analysis, eg, age, alcohol, tumor location, T and N stages, and presence or absence of extracapsular spread and a desmoplastic pattern. Postoperative RT was not selected by univariate analysis as a prognostic factor, but was included in the multivariate analysis in order to assess its impact on survival and recurrence rates. Using the statistical method of multivariate analysis, we could not find evidence of a benefit to survival or local recurrence rates with postoperative RT in this series. Patients younger than 55 years and those with extracapsular spread had a decreased survival rate and a higher neck recurrence rate, irrespective of the treatment method.
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PMID:Postoperative radiotherapy in patients with positive nodes after functional neck dissection. 1100 88

Nonregional lymph node dissemination must be classified as distant metastasis but axillary and mediastinal metastases can be part of a regional dissemination of the disease. Metastases to lymph nodes of the upper mediastinum are very common among patients with subglottic, hypopharynx and thyroid carcinomas. Axillary metastases are found at autopsy in 2-9% of the patients who died of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and are frequently associated with skin implantation in aggressive recurrent head and neck carcinomas. The possible explanations for this location of metastasis were retrograde dissemination due to lymph system blockage, further tumor dissemination after a parastomal recurrence, hematogenous dissemination, and metastasis from a second primary tumor. Patients with distant metastasis have been considered incurable and only palliative treatment was instituted. Treatment planning for cases with axillary metastasis must take in consideration the likelihood of other regional recurrences and/or distant metastasis. Also, the presence of a second primary tumor must be ruled out. Whenever axilla is the only site of cancer recurrence, a standard axillary dissection must be considered. Upper mediastinal metastases from subglottic and hypopharyngeal cancer are managed by paratracheal and mediastinal dissection through the neck and postoperative radiotherapy.
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PMID:Noncervical lymph node metastasis from head and neck cancer. 1140 23


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