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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We compared the results of transoral excision of the primary tumor with discontinuous neck dissection with the results of in-continuity dissection of primary tumor and neck nodes in anteriorly localized squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. We analyzed 27 patients who underwent 28 discontinuous dissections and 34 patients who underwent 40 in-continuity dissections for T2 anterior tongue or floor-of-mouth carcinoma. The overall ipsilateral neck recurrence rate was 11%. The discontinuous dissection group did significantly worse than the in-continuity dissection group, with a neck recurrence rate of 19%. Consequently, the actuarial 5-year survival of patients who underwent a discontinuous dissection was substantially decreased (63%) compared with patients who were treated by an in-continuity dissection (80%). Discontinuous neck dissection, thus, is not to be recommended in oral cancer.
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PMID:Discontinuous vs in-continuity neck dissection in carcinoma of the oral cavity. 191 Jul 14

Inability to control the primary tumor in oral cancer, leading to local recurrence, results in low survival rates. The extent of bone involvement is therefore a critical factor in planning treatment. To evaluate whether uptake of 99mTc-DPC (dicarboxypropane-diphosphate) was reliable in demonstrating the extent of mandibular involvement, 13 consecutive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mandibular gingiva, floor of the mouth, and lower buccal sulcus were studied. Bone involvement, as judged from preoperative radiographs and bone scans, was compared with that determined through careful analysis of histologic sections of jaw specimens. The bone scan findings corresponded well with the histologic findings in 10 cases. In contrast to earlier studies, there were no false-positive findings. False-negative bone scans were seen in three cases in which there was infiltration of the upper cortex of the mandible. A negative bone scan, therefore, cannot guarantee absence of bone involvement. Nevertheless, bone scanning seems to provide valuable information for preoperative evaluation of evident tumor infiltration of bone.
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PMID:Bone scanning for evaluating mandibular bone extension of oral squamous cell carcinoma. 230 35

Thirty-four autopsied patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The following results were obtained. 1) The suggested metastatic spread was from the highest count of oral cancer patients with metastases in lung to lower key organs, reflecting the cascade theory. 2) Multiple regression analysis revealed that local recurrence was significantly related to the treatment method, indicating that multidisciplinary treatment would be needed. 3) Multiple regression analysis indicated that mediastinal lymph node metastasis was significantly related to both the age of the patient and the stage of cancer development. 4) Multiple regression analysis showed that distant metastasis was significantly related to both the stage and the spleen weight. 5) There were many patients with the pulmonary metastases undergoing irradiation which ranged from 40Gy to 60Gy on the primary tumor. 6) Results showed that immunotherapy tended to control pulmonary metastases.
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PMID:[Therapeutic analysis of autopsy findings in oral cancer]. 273 90

Our study reports 282 oral cancer cases treated with 60Co-teletherapy (TCT), taken from 736 oral carcinomas treated with radiotherapy on the primary tumor from January 1959 to December 1970. They were mainly locally advanced cases which often had regional node involvement. In fact, during that period, the more advanced cases were submitted to TCT. There were only 9 (3.2%) patients with T1 lesions, while there were 134 (47.5%) T2 and 139 (49.3%) T3, T4 cases; there were respectively 106 (37.6%) and 44 (15.6%) N1 or N2 and N3 cases. Almost half of the patients were greater than or equal to 66 years old at onset of the treatment (138/282 cases, or 47.2%); the women were a small minority (18/282, or 6.4%). There were 58 (20.6%) carcinomas of the mucosal surface of the cheeks, 60 cases arising from the retromolar areas, the upper-lower alveolar processes and the hard palate (21.3%), 72 carcinomas of the mobile portion of the tongue (25.5%) and 92 arising from the floor of the mouth (32.6%). All the patients considered in the study were treated with conventional techniques by doses, field dimensions and fractionation. The overall results were objectively disappointing, even though they should be evaluated keeping in mind the nature and the gravity of oral carcinomas submitted to TCT. Actuarial survival at 5 and 10 years from the onset of treatment was respectively 11.6% and 6.4%. None of the N1, N3 cases survived beyond the fourth year from onset of the treatment. Long-term survival differs very little in relation to the site of origin in the oral cavity. Nowadays, TCT alone may have only a palliative role in the treatment of oral cancer, reserving it for those cases which, due to their extreme gravity or the various contraindications, do not permit more aggressive treatments. In a combined therapeutic approach the aim of TCT today is to control the minimum disease foci. Its association with surgery appears to be most effective.
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PMID:Results of 60Co-teletherapy in oral cancer. 725 79

Evidence from several laboratories suggests that HPV plays a role in the etiology of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity. A multifactorial risk factor profile for the development of oral cancer may include HPV in addition to well-established risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol use. The prevalence of oral carcinomas reported to be associated with HPV has varied widely due to differences in the sensitivity of the assay used for HPV detection. The aims of this study were: (1) to ascertain the prevalence of HPV DNA in oral squamous cell carcinomas using the most sensitive technique available, the polymerase chain reaction; (2) to determine the type of HPV in the tumors; and 3) to correlate the virologic data with other risk factor data obtained from patients' records. Fourteen (78%) of 18 primary tumors, 6 (67%) of 9 normal epithelial tissues from the patients and 5 (100%) of 5 neck metastases were HPV DNA-positive. Of the 14 HPV DNA-positive primary tumors, specific typing revealed HPV 16 in 2, HPV 18 in 2, HPV 16 and 18 in 5, HPV 6/11, 16 and 18 in 4, and HPV 6/11 in 1. HPV types in the normal or metastatic tissue were usually the same as those in the respective primary tumor. There was no significant association between HPV presence and any of 12 factors or patient characteristics studied.
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PMID:Analysis of human papillomavirus DNA in oral squamous cell carcinomas. 838 92

Overexpression of c-erbB-2 (also known as HER-2/neu) has been found in many human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We therefore examined expression of the oncoprotein in oral SCC primary tumor samples and compared its relationship with clinical stages and survival rate. Out of 80 cases of oral SCC, high expression level (++ or +++) of c-erbB-2 was found in 41 cases. Of the 80 cases with follow-up information, 39 were further investigated for the correlation of expression level of c-erbB-2 and survival rate. Overexpression of the oncoprotein was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival, and the patients with low and no expression of c-erbB-2 had much higher survival rates. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 was also significantly correlated with nodal stage and metastasis. We found that high expression level of c-erbB-2 was frequently detected in oral cancer cell lines but not in the other head and neck SCC cell lines. Thus, we conclude that overexpression of c-erbB-2 is a frequent event in oral SCC and is correlated with poor survival and may be used as a poor prognostic factor.
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PMID:Strong correlation between c-erbB-2 overexpression and overall survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. 981 30

Locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck continue to be a major clinical problem. We demonstrated in 1996 that preoperative concurrent cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy plus radical surgery in advanced oral cancer had minimal toxicity, had high clinical tumor response rates, was well tolerated and produced impressive complete response rates and a high 5-year survival rate. The purpose of the present study was the long-term follow-up of this treatment regimen for advanced oral carcinoma. Forty-eight patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (including soft palate) were treated preoperatively with cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy in combination with simultaneous irradiation to a target volume of 40 Gy, and 2-6 weeks later underwent curative surgery. All patients with advanced Stage II (n=7), Stage III (n=22) and Stage IV (n=19) were treated and followed for an average of 7.2 years (range: 61-144 months). The overall actuarial survival of all patients was 81.3% at 5 years and also at 10 years. Progression-free survival at both 5 and 10 years was 84.8% for all patients, and 85.7% for Stage II, 90.0% for Stage III, and 78.9% for Stage IV patients. Progression-free survival rates according to the histopathologic regression grade of primary tumor following preoperative chemoradiotherapy at 10 years were 40. 0% for Grade IIa, 88.9% for Grade IIb, 100% for Grade III, and 87.5% for Grade IV. Patients who achieved good responses histopathologically (Grades IIb, III, IV) had superior survival rates in comparison to patients with extensive residual tumor (Grade IIa) in surgically resected specimens (p=0.0012). A better histologic regression grade was also associated with a higher survival rate even in the long-term analysis. This treatment regimen for advanced oral cancer produced high clinical and pathologic complete response and survival rates with an acceptable acute toxicity profile and lack of late therapeutic complications. The long-term follow-up showed gratifying results even for advanced oral cancers without a substantial increase in distant metastasis and second primary malignancy.
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PMID:Preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy plus radical surgery for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: an analysis of long-term results. 1070 96

Lymph node metastases are one of the main reasons of treatment failure in head and neck cancer. Thus, knowledge of lymphatic system anatomy and routs of spreading the metastases in particular primary tumor localisation is of great practical importance. Typical sites of neck metastases in larynx and tonsil cancer were presented. The neck lymphatic system classification according to American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery from 1991 was used. The most often site of metastases in larynx cancer was the II and III level, in tongue and floor of mouth cancer--level I and II and in nasopharynx malignancies--level II and V respectively. Knowledge of the neck regions with elevated risk of harbouring metastases was important not only during the surgery but as well before planning of the selective or elective radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Practical significance of the 6 level neck classification in cancers of the aerodigestive tract]. 1097 65

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, retrospectively, the profile of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. They were referred to two hospitals of Belo Horizonte (MG, Brazil) between 1986 and 1996. The medical records of 740 patients presenting oral squamous cell carcinoma were reviewed in detail. The TNM classification and staging, age, gender, race, occupation, and site of the primary tumor were recorded. The male-to-female ratio was 4.8:1. The mean age was 58.6 years. Most of the patients were in their sixties and were farm workers. The tumors were found principally on the tongue. There was a close relationship between some habits (tobacco and alcohol consumption) and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the patients sought medical care in the first year, even though almost half of them had lesions in stage T4. The identification of the characteristics of this specific population might reflect either accomplishments or problems in oral cancer control and can enable the development of a primary prevention program for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Oral squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study of 740 cases in a Brazilian population. 1121 Feb 54

A lentiviral vector capable of expressing the HIV-1 vpr gene (Vpr lentiviral vector) was constructed, and its in vivo anticancer effect was determined against cutaneous tumors derived from the AT-84 oral cancer cells in immunocompetent mice. A single intratumoral injection of the Vpr lentiviral vector not only significantly reduced the primary tumor volume but also completely regressed tumors in >40% of animals. More interestingly, the mice of which the primary tumors were completely regressed by the Vpr lentiviral vector were additionally protected from a secondary challenge of AT-84 cells. These data suggest that the Vpr lentiviral vector elicits its anticancer activity in part by the activation of the immune system. The above suggestion is additionally supported by the failure of the lentiviral vector to demonstrate anticancer activity in immunocompromised nude or SCID mice. The Vpr lentiviral vector offers a powerful new strategy for cancer gene therapy and may be useful for the control of solid tumors, such as human oral squamous cell carcinomas.
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PMID:Anticancer effect of a lentiviral vector capable of expressing HIV-1 Vpr. 1170 78


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