Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new tumor marker (CA 19-9) was investigated. CA 19-9 is a tumor-associated antigen which is detected by a monoclonal antibody. CA 19-9 (CIS-Centocor) was compared simultaneously with CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) in 347 patients. 123 patients with gastrointestinal tumors showed a sensitivity of 31% for CA 19-9 (CEA 49%), combination increased sensitivity to 58%. The highest sensitivity was found in pancreas carcinoma (CA 19-9 75%, CEA 66%, combination 92%); it was lower in gastric, colon, and oesophagus carcinomas. In relapsed colorectal carcinomas sensitivity was 53% (CEA 78%, combination 85%). In cases of relapse, tumor markers may become positive even if they were not detectable before resection of the primary tumor. Specificity for CA 19-9 was 100% (CEA 84%) compared to a group of non-malignant diseases including patients with inflammations and patients with nicotin abuse (n = 102). Because of its high specificity and superior sensitivity to CEA in pancreas carcinomas CA 19-9 should be determined in primary and relapse diagnosis in combination with CEA.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the tumor marker CA 19-9 in comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in surgical pre- and postoperative diagnosis]. 345 33

Imaging of tumors with radiolabeled antibodies, especially when located in the blood-rich visceral organs, may be improved through administration of a second antibody directed against the primary tumor-associated antibody. In hamsters bearing a human colonic carcinoma xenograft producing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), we injected donkey anti-goat IgG 24 hr after administration of 131I-labeled goat anti-CEA IgG and achieved enhanced tumor imaging 24-48 hr later, with a significant relative decrease of radioactivity in blood and all major organs except the spleen. In seven of nine patients, this method of anti-antibody clearance of nontargeted radioactive murine monoclonal antibodies revealed sites of cancer, including liver metastases. Characterization of radioactivity in the plasma before and after administration of the second antibody confirmed that complexes were quickly formed between primary and secondary antibodies, and imaging of the patients revealed a rapid uptake of radioactivity in the liver at 2 hr that dissipated within 24 hr. Radioactivity in the spleen gradually increased over time. The method of anti-antibody immunological enhancement of cancer imaging is feasible and may reveal tumor sites missed by conventional imaging.
 ...
PMID:Anti-antibody enhancement of iodine-131 anti-CEA radioimmunodetection in experimental and clinical studies. 349 7

A rare case of asymptomatic cancer of the ascending colon presenting as a subcutaneous groin mass is reported. At the time of right hemicolectomy with resection of the groin mass there was no sign of incontinuity spread or lymph blockage. Sequential determination of carcinoembryonic antigen levels (CEA) in serum reflected the reduction in tumor mass after surgery as well as subsequent recurrences of disease in the groin and in the lung after 2 years. Immunoperoxidase staining of the primary tumor and the metastases showed strong positivity for CEA confirming the origin of the serum CEA. There have been no signs of liver involvement. The route of spread of this unusual metastasis is not known.
 ...
PMID:An unusual presentation of colon cancer. 353 28

A rare case of primary adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicle is examined in an 87-year-old Japanese man. Neoplastic cells, especially poorly differentiated cells, showed a positive reaction with periodic acid-Schiff reagent and anti-carcinoembryonic antigen. Neoplastic cells invaded the bladder wall but not the prostate. No other primary tumor was demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:Primary adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicle. 354 1

Patients with primary and/or metastatic colorectal cancer who had been scheduled for operative intervention were injected intravenously with 200 micrograms of a high-affinity anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody labeled with 2 mCi of 111-indium (Indacea). Patients were imaged by gamma camera at 24 and 48 hours. Primary tumors were identified in 3/10 cases and were not visualized in 3/10 cases. Four scans were considered equivocal. Hepatic metastases were identified as image defects in 5/13 cases and were not visualized in 8/13 cases. All tumors contained CEA by immunoperoxidase staining. In all cases, the primary tumor uptake (5.44 +/- 1.07% ID/kg) was much higher than the uptake of the adjacent fat (0.18 +/- 0.04% ID/kg). There was a direct correlation between tumor CEA content, tumor radioactivity, and the imaging of primary tumor by Indacea. High liver uptake (30.3 +/- 3.0% ID/kg), seen when scanning all patients, was the main limitation of imaging and led to photopenic visualization of hepatic metastases. These results suggest that selection of patients with colorectal carcinoma on the basis of tumor CEA content will lead to improved rates of tumor imaging by Indacea in post-surgical scanning.
 ...
PMID:Imaging of colon carcinoma with 111-indium-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies (Indacea) prior to surgery. 365 82

A study of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels was conducted in 319 patients with surgically treated colorectal cancer, 272 of whom had disease resectable with curative intent. Only three patients could not be completely followed. All of the remaining 316 patients have been followed for a minimum of 5 years or until death. From the standpoint of diagnosis, the CEA test was more frequently positive (greater than 5 ng/ml) in patients with advanced stage disease, with larger primary tumors, and with more differentiated histopathologic characteristics. It was grossly insensitive in diagnosis of resectable cancer (26%) and was only reasonably reliable (72%) in patients with unresectable and metastatic disease. In relationship to surgical pathology of colorectal cancer, CEA levels were significantly correlated with stage of disease and with size of the primary tumor in Dukes' B lesions, but not with extent of nodal metastasis in Dukes' C lesions. In advanced stage lesions, CEA was inversely correlated with degree of anaplasia. In the overall patient group, and also among resectable patients, the preoperative CEA level was strongly associated with survival after adjustment for the effects of a number of other prognostic factors. Within stages of resectable disease, however, CEA was not significantly associated with survival among patients with Dukes' A and B lesions or Dukes' C lesions with one to three nodes involved. CEA was found to be a significant and independent prognostic determinant only in patients with Dukes' C lesions who had four or more metastatically involved lymph nodes. Under these circumstances, a preoperative CEA level could perhaps be of some value for stratification of Dukes' C patients in randomized colorectal cancer surgical adjuvant trials. The value of this test as a prognostic guide in clinical practice, however, would seem to be limited because of a lack of sensitivity in identifying individual poor prognosis patients.
 ...
PMID:The preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen test in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of colorectal cancer. 373 Oct 19

It is difficult to differentiate malignant carcinoid tumors from benign ones early in the course of the illness. We investigated retrospectively a series of thirty-nine gastro-intestinal carcinoids not only for primary tumor anatomic site, macroscopic type, tumor size, histological depth, vessel invasion and mitosis, but also for peptide, ectopic hormone and oncofetal proteins by immunohistochemistry. Carcinoids primary in the appendix or rectum rarely metastasize, but those primary in the stomach or colon grow rapidly. Those greater than 2 cm in diameter and Borrmann's type had a poor prognosis. Carcinoids with deep penetration, vessel invasion or mitosis easily metastasize to lymph nodes or to the liver. Peptide hormone producing carcinoids were present in 21 of 39 (54%) tumors, but there were no correlation between the prognosis and peptide hormone producing patterns. Carcinoids producing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were demonstrated in 11 of 37 (29%) tumors. These tumors were greater in size, more deeply penetrating and had more remarkable vessel invasion and mitosis than CEA non-producing ones. These results show that CEA producing carcinoids grow rapidly and easily metastasize. We concluded that these findings in carcinoid tissue appeared to be a reliable markers for metastasis and poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:[A study of malignancy in gastro-intestinal carcinoids with special reference to the association of the prognosis and peptide hormone or oncofetal protein producing pattern]. 379 78

The most common secondary ovarian neoplasm to mimic an ovarian primary tumor is metastatic large intestinal adenocarcinoma. Even after histologic examination, metastases often are mistaken for primary adenocarcinomas, especially endometrioid carcinoma. We analyzed the clinical and pathologic features of 22 cases of documented large intestinal carcinoma metastatic to the ovary. Patients' ages ranged from 42 to 76 years. None of the intestinal primary tumors were Dukes stage A, 32% were Dukes B, and 68% were Dukes C. In nine patients (41%), the intestinal carcinomas had been resected previously from 4 to 60 months before removal of the ovarian metastases. Both ovaries were involved in 43% of the cases. Histologically, 19 cases were classified as pseudoendometrioid type, two as mucinous type, and one as mixed pseudoendometrioid-mucinous type. The most characteristic microscopic features of the ovarian metastases were garland and cribriform growth patterns, intraluminal "dirty" necrosis, segmental destruction of glands, and absence of squamous metaplasia. Special stains for mucosubstances were variable and not helpful in differential diagnosis. Immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was strongly positive. Recognition of these distinctive histologic features is crucial to proper identification of the intestinal origin of these ovarian tumors. Inappropriate treatment as primary ovarian carcinomas thereby is avoided, and more accurate assessment of prognosis is achieved.
 ...
PMID:Intestinal adenocarcinomas metastatic to the ovaries. A clinicopathologic evaluation of 22 cases. 381 71

Important tumour markers in tumours of the oral mucosa and salivary glands are intermediate filaments of cytoskeleton, oncofetal and proliferative antigens, lectin receptors and blood group substances, enzymes, metalloproteins and viral antigens. The special occurrence of the following tumour markers was demonstrated: keratin, vimentin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), lectins (helix pomatia antigen = HPA, peanut agglutinin = PNA), Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen, blood group substances A and B, amylase, lactoferrin, viral antigens of papilloma virus (group 11 and 16). In oral dysplasia and squamous cell carcinomas, relationships exist between the presence of keratin filaments and cell differentiation. Lectins represent membrane-orientated markers of differentiation. A loss of blood group substances A and B can be observed in oral dysplasias. Papilloma viruses and viral antibodies can be demonstrated in papillomas, leukoplakias and carcinomas. The salivary gland tumours show a distinct pattern of distribution for keratin, vimentin, CEA, TPA, metalloproteins and enzymes. Transplanted human salivary gland tumours in athymic nude mice keep the same tumour marker profile as in the primary tumor.
 ...
PMID:The importance of tumor markers in oral pathology. II. Cell membrane and cytoplasmic antigens as tumour markers. 404 Jun 31

Possible relationships between histopathologic cell type and several clinical variables were examined in 253 patients with Stage III nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. No statistically significant associations were found between cell type and either the side of primary tumor or cryptorchidism. The presence of elements of choriocarcinoma was associated with the presence of retroperitoneal tumor (P less than 0.03) but no other association between cell type and site of metastasis was encountered. Elevated serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin were found in patients with elements of choriocarcinoma but serum levels of alphafetoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase and carcinoembryonic antigen were not correlated with a specific cell type. No statistically significant association was found between cell type and either complete response to combined modality therapy or survival. These results would indicate that cell type is probably not an important prognostic variable in patients with Stage III nonseminomatous tumors of the testis.
 ...
PMID:Interrelationships of histopathology and other clinical variables in patients with germ cell tumors of the testis. 618 28


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>