Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677930 (primary tumor)
 20,210 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with an adenocarcinoid of the appendix presented with bilateral Krukenberg's tumors of the ovaries. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed a selective ability of the mucinous (goblet cell) component of the appendiceal neoplasm to metastasize. A review of the literature has revealed nine previously published cases of appendiceal adenocarcinoid metastatic to the ovaries. All showed involvement of both ovaries, but none provided unequivocal evidence of a metastatic proliferating carcinoid element. As the appendiceal lesion is often grossly inconspicuous, it may be overlooked in cases presenting initially with ovarian tumors. Routine appendectomy is therefore recommended in such patients where no grossly obvious primary tumor is evident.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoid of the appendix presenting as bilateral Krukenberg's tumor of the ovaries. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies and literature review. 299 92

Mucinous carcinoid tumor of the vermiform appendix, an uncommon variant of appendiceal carcinoid, may present clinically with ovarian metastases. We studied a tumor by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy and reviewed eight similar cases from the literature. The primary and metastatic tumors in our case were composed of mucin-producing cells and small argyrophilic cells arranged in cords and acini. Tumor cells in both primary and metastatic sites exhibited identical patterns of immunoreactivity for epithelial antigens (epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen) and neuroendocrine antigens (serotonin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, adrenocorticotropic hormone). Ultrastructurally, the cells contained either mucin vacuoles or dense-core neurosecretory granules; rare individual cells contained both types of inclusions. When bilateral solid mucinous ovarian tumors are discovered at laparotomy, diagnostic appendectomy is indicated if no obvious extraovarian primary tumor can be found.
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PMID:Mucinous carcinoid tumor of the appendix presenting as bilateral ovarian tumors. 300 29

A primary tumor of the middle ear was examined histologically, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Neuroendocrine cell differentiation, a carcinoid feature, was demonstrated by the presence of numerous argyrophil granules, as well as positive serotonin, glicentin, glucagon, and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) granules in some of the Grimelium-positive cells. Chromogranin A was also detected in the cells, but much less frequently than Grimelius-positive staining. Neither neuron-specific enolase (NSE) nor epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was demonstrated in the tumor. Mucin was demonstrated only intraluminally. Electron microscopy revealed many typical neurosecretory granules in tumor cells, but no apical mucin granules. The tumor appeared to be benign, and there has been no sign of recurrence during a postoperative period of one year.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. Report of a case. 322 80

A case of primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary occurring in a 37-year-old woman is described. The tumor, which replaced the left ovary, was accompanied by metastases in the contralateral ovary and para-aortic lymph nodes. Careful investigations excluded metastatic origin of the tumor. The tumor was solid, but contained an epidermoid cyst. There were no other teratomatous elements. The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy. A second-look operation 9 months following diagnosis revealed extensive microscopic involvement of the peritoneal cavity. The patient's condition deteriorated and she died 1 year after diagnosis. Detailed autopsy revealed peritoneal, pleural, lymphatic, and bone marrow carcinomatosis, but no evidence of a primary tumor elsewhere. Microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical findings are described. It is considered that primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary represents a specific histopathologic entity. Unlike other types of primary ovarian carcinoid tumors, it behaves as an aggressive malignant neoplasm.
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PMID:Primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary. 352 96

Radioimmunoscintigraphy was performed in 52 patients with a variety of malignant tumors (colorectal, melanoma, lung, testicular, ovarian, bladder, carcinoid). Respective antibodies or their F(ab')2 fragments against CEA (n = 23), melanoma antigen 225.28 S (n = 18), TPA (n = 4), beta HCG (n = 5) and HMFG2 (n = 2) were selected by immunohistochemistry of the primary tumor. Most patients were suspected of recurrence or of hitherto unknown distant or local metastases. Overall accuracy was 61% (32/52). False negatives amounted to 33% (17/52). Useful additional clinical information-not available by CT, ultrasonics or serum levels of tumor markers-was obtained in 17 out of 52 patients (= 33%). From these results it seems obvious that antibodies used for radioimmunoscintigraphy should be selected on the basis of immunohistochemistry.
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PMID:Clinical results of immunoscintigraphy in a variety of malignant tumors with special reference to immunohistochemistry. 354 Aug 57

Carcinoid tumors display a wider histologic spectrum than was previously thought. Some tumors may show atypical features such as glandular profiles, a spindle cell pattern, squamous or osteoid metaplasia, or pleomorphism. In rare cases they may be poorly differentiated and resemble undifferentiated carcinoma or lymphoma. As is well known, some carcinoids are associated with well-defined syndromes, such as the carcinoid or the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, due to the secretion of amines or peptides. Immunohistochemical analysis of these tumors, however, has shown that whereas one amine or peptide may predominate, most are multihormonal. These findings are also seen with the clinically silent tumors such as the foregut and hindgut carcinoids. Furthermore, the immunohistochemically demonstrated amines and peptides in the primary tumor do not necessarily correspond to those normally found in the overlying endocrine cells. An increasing number of tumors have recently been described which contain an admixture of neoplastic endocrine and nonendocrine epithelial cells. Thus, the classification of gut mucosal tumors into carcinomas and endocrine tumors has had to be modified to include those tumors which have been designated as mixed or composite tumors. These have been further subdivided into several distinctive histologic types. Some of these tumors, such as the microglandular-goblet cell carcinomas, have a distinctive clinical behavior, whereas others, such as the adenoendocrine cell carcinomas, appear to behave in a manner similar to adenocarcinoma. Additionally, there is another tumor type, namely the amphicrine tumor, which differs from the mixed tumors in that endocrine and epithelial cell constituents are present within the same cell.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumors and the mixed (composite) glandular-endocrine cell carcinomas. 354 88

It is difficult to differentiate malignant carcinoid tumors from benign ones early in the course of the illness. We investigated retrospectively a series of thirty-nine gastro-intestinal carcinoids not only for primary tumor anatomic site, macroscopic type, tumor size, histological depth, vessel invasion and mitosis, but also for peptide, ectopic hormone and oncofetal proteins by immunohistochemistry. Carcinoids primary in the appendix or rectum rarely metastasize, but those primary in the stomach or colon grow rapidly. Those greater than 2 cm in diameter and Borrmann's type had a poor prognosis. Carcinoids with deep penetration, vessel invasion or mitosis easily metastasize to lymph nodes or to the liver. Peptide hormone producing carcinoids were present in 21 of 39 (54%) tumors, but there were no correlation between the prognosis and peptide hormone producing patterns. Carcinoids producing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were demonstrated in 11 of 37 (29%) tumors. These tumors were greater in size, more deeply penetrating and had more remarkable vessel invasion and mitosis than CEA non-producing ones. These results show that CEA producing carcinoids grow rapidly and easily metastasize. We concluded that these findings in carcinoid tissue appeared to be a reliable markers for metastasis and poor prognosis.
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PMID:[A study of malignancy in gastro-intestinal carcinoids with special reference to the association of the prognosis and peptide hormone or oncofetal protein producing pattern]. 379 78

A case of hepatomegalia due to multiple metastases of unknown origin to the liver is described. At autopsy the primary tumor, an adenocarcinoid tumor of the appendix, was identified along with multiple metastases to the lymph nodes and widespread peritoneal carcinoidosis. Hepatic metastases from an appendiceal adenocarcinoid tumor has not been described previously. In the liver and lymph nodes the tumor had an insular growth pattern and was composed predominantly of cells of carcinoid type, whereas the carcinoidosis was composed almost entirely of signet-ring cells. It is suggested that differentiation of the metastases of appendiceal adenocarcinoids is modulated by factors in the recipient organ.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoid of the appendix presenting with metastases to the liver. 380 15

Neurological complications of malignant carcinoid are infrequent. Only 11 cases of central nervous system metastasis are documented, and neurological symptoms may be the initial or only manifestation of this tumor. We describe the case of a 60-year-old man with no known primary tumor who presented with spinal cord compression by a thoracic epidural tumor. After laminectomy, the diagnosis of carcinoid was made by light and electron microscopic demonstration of neurosecretory granules in tumor cells. Urine 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and plasma serotonin levels were subsequently found to be elevated. Carcinoid tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lesions metastatic to the spinal cord and brain.
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PMID:Malignant carcinoid causing spinal cord compression. 406 33

One hundred fifty-four patients with gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors were surgically treated at our institution between 1972 and 1982. The most frequent primary sites were the ileum (43%), rectum (30%), appendix (11%), jejunum (6%), stomach (6%), and duodenum (1%). Asymptomatic tumors were discovered incidentally in 93 patients (60%). Symptomatic tumors were common (48%) among the group with ileal carcinoid tumors. Except for endoscopy, preoperative studies were of limited value. The malignant carcinoid syndrome was present in 12 patients (nine with ileal tumors). One hundred forty-seven patients underwent surgical or endoscopic resection of the primary tumor; the overall operative mortality rate was 2.6%. Of significance was the high incidence (18%) of metastasis from ileal primary tumors smaller than 1 cm.
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PMID:Carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: presentation, management, and prognosis. 407 83


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