Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0677481 (urinary frequency)
 1,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-five cases of interstitial cystitis are reported, symptomatology in these 43 women and 12 men being of a severe nature: diurnal and nocturnal pollakiuria, supra-pubic pain. Disorders were always permanent and had been present for at least 6 months, diagnosis being confirmed by endoscopy. Initial bladder filling demonstrated the most important lesions (Hunner's ulcer) and allowed determination of bladder capacity. Decompression and a repeat vesical repletion showed mucosal hemorrhagic spots, establishing the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis. Biopsy forceps were used to obtain fragments of bladder wall for optical microscopy in all cases and electron microscopy in several patients. Histologic findings were compared with two control groups: a group of 30 patients with pollakiuria and dysuria but absence of hemorrhage during bladder distention; a group of 9 patients operated upon for other lesions and with normal bladders. Extracellular deposits were searched for in freshly frozen fragments (liquid nitrogen) in 10 patients, while 24 patients underwent immunologic tests. Finally electron microscopy was used to study vesical epithelium to detect epithelial cell junction. In contrary, optical microscopy by immuno-histochemistry was used to study cytoskeletal keratin filaments. Two groups in this series were distinguished: one with major forms (18 cases) and one with minor forms (37 cases) of the affection. In major forms, affecting elderly patients with reduced bladder capacity, lesions on endoscopy and first distention were apparent as Hunner's ulcer and hemorrhage covering the non-ulcerated mucosa with petechiae. Initial distention in minor forms showed normal mucosa with, on decompression and repeat distention, the appearance of hemorrhagic sub-mucosal spots in the mobile bladder structures.
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PMID:[Interstitial cystitis. Current aspects]. 653 May 58

Background. Lymphoma of the urinary bladder (LUB) is rare. Aims. To review the literature on LUB. Methods. Various internet databases were used. Results. LUB can be either primary or secondary. The tumour has female predominance; most cases occur in middle-age women. Secondary LUB occurs in 10% to 25% of leukemias/lymphomas and in advanced-stage systemic lymphoma. Less than 100 cases have been reported. MALT typically affects adults older than 60 years; 75% are female. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is also common and may arise from transformation of MALT. LUB presents with haematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, nocturia, and abdominal or back pain. Macroscopic examination of LUBs show large discrete tumours centred in the dome or lateral walls of the bladder. Positive staining of LUB varies by the subtype of lymphoma; B-cell lymphomas are CD20 positive. MALT lymphoma is positively stained for CD20, CD19, and FMC7 and negatively stained for CD5, CD10, and CD11c. LUB stains negatively with Pan-keratin, vimentin, CK20, and CK7. MALT lymphoma exhibits t(11; 18)(q21: 21). Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for the MALT type of LUB with no recurrence. Conclusions. LUB is diagnosed by its characteristic morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics. Radiotherapy is a useful treatment.
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PMID:Lymphoma of the urinary bladder. 2451 10