Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677481 (urinary frequency)
 1,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A four-year-old boy with stage IV neuroblastoma was treated using the group study protocol of the Tohoku area for advanced neuroblastoma, consisting of DTIC, CPA, VCR, CDDP and VM-26, as a result of which had obtained complete remission. However, he had severe hemorrhagic cystitis after administration of CPA. He was treated with the usual therapy, but symptoms such as hematuria, pollakiuria and miction pain were not improved. We then tried bladder irrigation with prostaglandin E2. Half a milligram of PGE2 in 100 ml of physiological saline solution was instilled into the bladder and left in situ for 3 hours. The patient was free of symptoms on the day following the therapy. Local therapy with PGE2 thus seems very useful for cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis.
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PMID:[Bladder irrigation with prostaglandin E2 in cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis]. 342 44

Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is one of the main complaints in clinics for women. The pain is often accompanied by other symptoms such as headache, nausea, constipation or diarrhea, urinary frequency, and vomiting which often leave the patients incapacitated for work or school for a few days. Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been shown to alleviate the menstrual pain. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of dietary supplementation with PUFA (sunflower seed oil, borage oil and fish oil concentrate) for three months on RBC membrane fatty acid composition in healthy and dysmenorrheica young women. Conversion of linoleic acid, via gamma-linolenic acid, to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (a precursor of anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E1) in dysmenorrheic subjects as compared to the controls was slower whereas the level of arachidonic acid (a precursor of pro-inflammatory PGE2) was not affected by the supplementation. Since there are no known side-effects associated with supplementation of these nutrients, management of dysmenorrhea through nutrition modulation should be an acceptable alternative to drug treatments.
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PMID:Metabolism of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in women with dysmenorrhea. 1829 41

Increase in bladder mucosal permeability can be reproduced by intravesical administration of protamine sulfate (PS); however, the influence of PS once administered into the bladder disappears within several days. We developed a chronic animal model of urothelial injury using PS. Insertion of a polyethylene catheter through the bladder dome was performed in female Wistar rats. The other end of the catheter was connected to an osmotic pump for continuous delivery of PS or vehicle for 2 wk. Urinary frequency (UF) and voided volume (VV) were measured in the metabolic cage. The fifth group of rats received a high dose of PS (10 mg/ml) for 2 wk and were followed for a further 2 wk without PS. The sixth group received a high dose of PS for 2 wk and loxoprofen (0.1 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) for 4 wk. UF was increased, and VV was reduced in rats treated with a high dose of PS but not changed in rats treated with a vehicle or a low dose of PS (1 mg/ml). UF was further increased in the fifth group, while unchanged in the sixth group. Histological sections in rats treated with a high dose of PS demonstrated a loss of the upper layer of urothelial cells and an increased number of mast cells. PGE2 level in the bladder was significantly elevated in the fifth group. These results indicate that chronic urotherial injury leads to an increase in UF and a decrease in VV. Increased PGE2 level in the bladder is likely to be associated with long-lasting storage dysfunction.
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PMID:Long-lasting breaches in the bladder epithelium lead to storage dysfunction with increase in bladder PGE2 levels in the rat. 1855 Aug 66

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), characterized by urinary frequency, nocturia and urgency with or without incontinence, is a widespread medical condition with significant impact on quality of life. Three main factors have been proposed regarding the cause of OAB: myogenic, neurogenic and urotheliogenic. Disturbance of any of the three factors or a combination of these factors can attribute to OAB. Metabolic derangement, bladder outlet obstruction and inflammation can increase the excitability of nerve, detrusor muscle and alter the sensory and barrier functions of the urothelium. The detection of proteins in the urine such as NGF, PGE2, and proinflammatory chemokines may advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of OAB and offer novel diagnostic biomarkers of OAB.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of Overactive Bladder. 2667