Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677481 (urinary frequency)
 1,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a chronic and prevalent condition, the symptoms of which (urinary frequency and urgency, with or without urge incontinence) can exert a profound negative effect on a person's daily life activities. Tolterodine (Detrol in North America and Detrusitol in the rest of the world, Pharmacia), a competitive muscarinic antagonist, is the first agent of this class to be specifically developed for the treatment of OAB. This agent displays in vivo functional selectivity for the bladder over other tissues that contain muscarinic receptors (e.g., salivary glands, eye), which translates into good efficacy and tolerability in patients with OAB (including the elderly). Comparative, randomised, double-blind studies show that tolterodine (administered as immediate-release [IR] tablets 2 mg b.i.d.) is as effective as oxybutynin (5 mg t.i.d.) in improving all of the troublesome symptoms of OAB but with a significantly lower incidence and severity of dry mouth. The advent of a new extended-release (ER) capsule formulation of tolterodine (4 mg) for convenient once-daily treatment builds upon these findings, with significantly improved efficacy for reducing urge incontinence episodes and a lower frequency of dry mouth relative to the existing IR tablet (2 mg b.i.d.). Tolterodine can therefore be considered a valuable, well-tolerated treatment option for patients with OAB, providing improvements in symptoms that are both clinically meaningful to patients and sustained during long-term treatment.
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PMID:Evidence for the efficacy and safety of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder. 1182 11

Around 1.5% of adults in Europe and the USA have urge urinary incontinence (involuntary leakage immediately preceded or accompanied by urgency). This is usually due to overactive bladder syndrome (defined as urgency, with or without urge incontinence, and usually with frequency and nocturia), which occurs in around 12% of adults, and is similarly prevalent in men and women. We last reviewed this condition in 2001. Since then, two new antimuscarinic drugs, darifenacin (Emselex) and solifenacin (Vesicare) have been licensed in the UK for urge incontinence and/or increased urinary frequency and urgency (as may occur in patients with overactive bladder syndrome), as have transdermal oxybutynin (Kentera) and modified-release formulations of tolterodine (Detrusitol XL) and propiverine (Detrunorm XL). Here we review the place of these newer drugs and formulations.
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PMID:Update on drugs for overactive bladder syndrome. 1758 29