Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0677481 (urinary frequency)
 1,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pseudohyperparathyroidism was diagnosed in a mature stallion presented for anorexia, weight loss, pollakiuria and constipation. Laboratory findings included hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, anemia and isosthenuria. Thoracocentesis indicated an exfoliating squamous cell carcinoma. At necropsy, a squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach with metastases to the abdominal and thoracic cavities was diagnosed. No osseous metastases were found. No gross or microscopic renal lesions were noted. Bone tissue showed arrested resorption, and the parathyroid gland was atrophic.
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PMID:Gastrict carcinoma with pseudohyperparathyroidism in a horse. 63 16

A case control study compared the bowel habit of 91 post-hysterectomy women with paired controls from the same family doctor practice. More cases had an abnormal bowel frequency, a firmer stool consistency and assessed themselves as having abnormal bowel function, predominantly constipation after hysterectomy, than controls. Significantly more cases than controls had consulted a doctor because of constipation but there was no significant difference in laxative usage. There was a significant short-term association between decreased bowel frequency and increased urinary frequency after hysterectomy. This became highly significant in those patients who developed chronic symptoms. Oophorectomy, unilateral or bilateral, did not significantly affect bowel habit other than to intensify the change in stool consistency. The hypothesis is discussed that the post-hysterectomy effects on bowel and bladder function may have a common aetiology in a degree of autonomic denervation of both viscera.
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PMID:Effects of hysterectomy on bowel and bladder function. 228 7

The efficacy and safety of long-term administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride in patients with neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder, who complained of urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence, and whose bladder was proved to be uninhibited, reflex, and/or low compliant, were studied at the multi-center hospitals, and the following results were obtained. This study comprised 149 cases but 8 of them were excluded because of the incomplete protocol. Thus, 141 cases (104 neurogenic bladder patients, 33 unstable bladder patients and 4 others) were investigated. The daily dosage of Oxybutynin hydrochloride ranged from 1 to 18 mg, and averaged at 6.6 mg. Since a small daily dosage of 3 mg was administered in 32 cases to examine the minimum effective dosage of the drug, the low average dosage possibly resulted. The clinical optimal dosage seemed to be more than 6.6 mg. The average period of administration in all cases was 161.7 days (1-336 days), and the drug was discontinued in 46 cases (33.6%) on average 62.1 days (1-141 days). The rate of global improvement by this drug estimated at the time of completion was found to be 65.6% with excellent and good and 87.8% with excellent, good and fair. The efficacy of this drug was stable and not decreased during the long-term test period. As to the objective findings studied before, during and after the drug administration, cystometric bladder capacity was significantly increased both first desire to void and the total capacity. Voided volume and residual urine were also increased, but there was no change in the rate of residual urine. Side effects were observed in 37 (26.2%) of 141 cases, and mainly gastrointestinal signs such as dry mouth and constipation. Urological signs such as dysuria and urinary retention were experienced in 8 cases. Regarding the findings of laboratory tests, there were no abnormality except for small changes of some items in normal range. Six children who were younger than 15 years old were subjected to this study. The results of evaluation were similar to those obtained on adults and no side effects were observed. From these findings, oxybutynin hydrochloride is considered an effective and useful drug in patients suffering from neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder with over active bladder condition.
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PMID:[Effects of long-term administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride (KL007) for the treatment of neurogenic bladder and unstable bladder]. 265 13

A double blind clinical trial was performed as a multicenter study to determine the usefulness of terodiline hydrochloride (HCl), an anticholinergic and calcium antagonistic agent, for urinary frequency or sense of residual urine in patients with psychogenic diseases, chronic prostatitis or chronic cystitis. Either 24 mg of terodiline HCl a day or 600 mg of flavoxate HCl a day was given for 4 weeks. One hundred and ninety-nine patients completed the test. The final global improvement rating was 70% in patients given terodiline HCl and 48% in patients given flavoxate HCl. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Diurnal and nocturnal urinary frequency and urinary incontinence were less in patients given terodiline HCl than in patients given flavoxate HCl (p less than 0.01). No difference was noted between the two agents in relieving sense of residual urine. Compared with the control period, the average urinary frequency decreased 2.0 times a day in patients given terodiline HCl and 0.7 times in patients given flavoxate HCl. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Adverse effects were observed in 12% of the patients given terodiline HCl and in 16% of the patients given flavoxate HCl. They included thirst, difficult urination, constipation, slight increase of serum GOT, GPT or alkaline phosphatase, and so forth. They disappeared with discontinued use of the agent. The global utility rating was 68% in patients given terodiline HCl and 45% in patients given flavoxate HCl, the difference being significant (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that terodiline HCl is useful for the treatment of urinary symptoms in patients with psychogenic diseases, chronic prostatitis or chronic cystitis.
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PMID:[Clinical effects of terodiline hydrochloride on urinary frequency and sense of residual urine--a double blind clinical trial using flavoxate hydrochloride as a control]. 304 85

The clinical effect of terodiline hydrochloride (TD-758) was studied in 95 patients with nervous pollakisuria or irritative bladder. TD-758 was given per os randomly at a dose of 24 mg or 12 mg once a day for 4 weeks. The symptoms such as urinary frequency, urinary incontinence and sense of residual urine were improved in 74% of the patients taking 24 mg, and in 51% of the patients taking 12 mg. The difference was statistically significant. Side effects such as dry mouth, constipation and heart burn were observed in 15% of the patients in each group and were not serious. The results of this study indicate that TD-758 is useful for these patients and its optimal dosage is 24 mg once a day.
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PMID:[Clinical effect of terodiline hydrochloride on nervous pollakisuria or irritative bladder]. 359 95

This report presents a case of pelvic actinomycotic infection that was accurately diagnosed preoperatively by means of fine needle aspiration. The patient was a 40-year-old black female, gravida 6, para 6, who presented to the emergency room complaining of intermittent, crampy lower abdominal pain of approximately 1 month's duration. She also complained of a recent onset of urinary frequency and urgency without dysuria as well as a change in bowel habits, with recent constipation. Review of the patient's medical history was notable for the placement of a Dalkon Shield IUD 10 years before without subsequent removal, a history of irregular menses in the past year, and treatment for gonorrhea 10 years previously. The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks prior to admission. She denied fever and night sweats but had lost 20 pounds in the past 2-3 months. Vital signs were normal. Pelvic examination revealed a firm, fixed uterus, approximately the size of a 14-week pregnancy, and an associated mass extending to the left and inferiorly into the rectovaginal septum. An intravenous pyelogram showed left hydronephrosis and hydroureter, with compression of the ureter at the level of the sacrum. Sigmoidoscopy revealed extrinsic compression of the rectum at 12 cm, the some mucosal edema. A CT scan of the pelvis disclosed an 8 cm mass in continuity with the uterus extending into the lower pelvis, with possible focal erosion of the sacrum. The clinical impression was advanced cervical carcinoma. Transvaginal fine needle aspiration was performed using a 21-gauge spinal needle and a Franzen needle guide. Following a diagnosis of actinomycotic abscess, the patient was placed on tetracycline, due to her penicillin allergy, and taken to surgery. The abdomen was opened and revealed a slightly enlarged uterus. The uterus and cervix were adherent to the left pelvic wall and posteriorly to the rectum by firm, friable tissue. The left fallopian tube and ovary were adherent to this . With some difficulty the uterus was freed, and a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. The postoperative course was unremarkable, and the patient was discharged on tetracycline. A morphologic diagnosis of actinomycotic infection with abscess formation was made. Sections of the left parametrium revealed multiple microabscesses and sinus tracts surrounded by abundant granulation tissue. Some of the abscesses contained actinomycotic organisms. Chronic endometritis and cervicitis as well as acute and chronic left salpingitis were documented.
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PMID:Diagnosis of pelvic actinomycosis by fine needle aspiration. A case report. 620 95

Oxybutynin possesses anticholinergic and spasmolytic properties, which together form the basis for its use as a therapeutic option in patients with overactive detrusor function--either idiopathic detrusor instability (DI) or detrusor hyperreflexia. Of the symptoms of detrusor overactivity, urge incontinence is often the most distressing to the patient. Urge incontinence and other subjective parameters (urinary frequency, urgency) improve in tandem with objective (cystometric) measures (maximum detrusor pressure during filling, volume at first desire to void, maximum bladder capacity) in ambulatory, including elderly, patients treated with oxybutynin. However, on the basis of results of limited investigations, the drug appears ineffective in elderly institutionalised individuals. Relative to other anticholinergic drugs, oxybutynin appears at least as effective as propantheline and similar in efficacy to propiverine in small trials, although these results are not definitive. Further investigation of intravesical oxybutynin may lead to this route becoming an option in patients with pre-existing catheters. Adverse effects--dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision--related to the anticholinergic activity of oxybutynin occur frequently and can be sufficiently troublesome to necessitate treatment discontinuation in up to 25% of patients, depending on the dosage. Increases in residual urine volume suggesting urinary retention (undesirable in patients with idiopathic DI), also can develop in some oxybutynin recipients. In summary, oxybutynin is one of the few drugs proven to be beneficial in some patients with overactive detrusor function. Despite the occurrence of unwanted anticholinergic effects in many patients, and apparent lack of efficacy in the elderly institutionalised population, oxybutynin should be considered for the drug of first choice in patients with detrusor overactivity, including the elderly ambulatory population, when pharmacological therapy is indicated.
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PMID:Oxybutynin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and its therapeutic use in detrusor instability. 762 Feb 36

A case of familial juvenile parkinsonism with dementia, orthostatic hypotension, neurogenic bladder and constipation was reported. He had been in a good health until the age of 28 when a finger tremor occurred on effort to hold hands in a definite position, and disturbances in gait and speech were noted. These symptoms were relieved by levodopa treatment followed by dyskinesia and motor fluctuations. Three years later, he complained of faintness, constipation and urinary frequency. The neurological examination revealed mentally sound male with masked face, tremor and rigidity in his extremities, and short step gait with lateropulsion. Urodynamic study showed uninhibited bladder. In the following years, orthostatic hypotension, dysuria and urinary retention developed gradually. He became mentally loose and was unable to take medicines appropriately. When in the Nishiojiya Byoin National Sanatorium, he tried to snake out the hospital many times. His parents and a brother suffered from Parkinson's disease and juvenile parkinsonism, respectively, suggesting an autosomal dominant inheritance. On admission to our hospital, he was apathetic. He had masked face, bilateral postural tremor, frozen gait and dyskinesia in the right lower extremity. Little bradykinesia or rigidity was noted. His muscle tone and deep tendon reflexes were decreased but neither muscular wasting, weakness, ataxia nor sensory disturbance was observed. Laboratory data including ceruloplasmin, copper, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and lysosomal enzyme activities were normal except for mild anemia. A cranial CT scan revealed mild cortical atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes, but nerve conduction study and cortical evoked potentials showed no abnormality. While in the hospital, his mental functions deteriorated to the state of dementia and orthostatic hypotension became apparent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Familial juvenile parkinsonism with dementia and autonomic failure--a case report]. 833 79

Two Japanese male siblings, aged 68 and 59 years, affected by late-onset progressive ataxia distinguished by extensive sensory and mild autonomic disturbances are described. They had global thermoanalgesia, positive Romberg signs, sensorineural deafness, canal paresis and ageusia. Their autonomic disturbances consisted of absence of overflow tears with usual stimuli, dysphagia, blood pressure and vasomotor instability, diarrhoea/constipation, and urinary frequency. Sensory nerve action potentials were completely absent, whereas motor conduction velocity was slightly reduced only in the lower extremities. Sural nerve biopsy on the younger brother demonstrated a marked loss of myelinated fibres and a reduction in the number of unmyelinated axons. Tongue histology revealed absence of fungiform papillae and taste buds. Autonomic function tests showed widespread but mild sympathetic and parasympathetic failures. Neuro-imaging studies revealed atrophy of the spinal cord, cerebellum, brainstem and corpus callosum, and enlargement of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. These siblings represent a previously unrecognized variant of late-onset hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration with global thermoanalgesia and absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue.
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PMID:Late-onset hereditary ataxia with global thermoanalgesia and absence of fungiform papillae on the tongue in a Japanese family. 867 78

A 63-year-old white man of Ecuadorian origin had a subarachnoid hemorrhage at age 57 followed by numbness and paresthesia in his lower extremities. He subsequently developed sexual impotence, alternating constipation and diarrhea, urinary frequency, and difficulty in walking. Rectal biopsy revealed amyloid deposits immunohistochemically reactive with antitransthyretin antisera. Direct DNA sequencing of the transthyretin gene of the patient showed a trinucleotide deletion in exon 4. This deletion resulted in the loss of one of two valines at position 121 or 122. DNA analysis on 11 family members at risk revealed four mutant gene carriers. Plasma transthyretin levels in the mutant gene carriers measured by nephelometry were very low. Peptide sequence analysis revealed that most of plasma transthyretin was normal with only a small amount of variant protein. This is the first report of a DNA deletion in the transthyretin gene. We speculate that the loss of valine in the carboxyl terminal region of the transthyretin monomer alters stability of the tetrameric protein, which leads to rapid clearance from the plasma and amyloid deposition in the tissue.
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PMID:A trinucleotide deletion in the transthyretin gene (delta V 122) in a kindred with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. 919 84


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