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Query: UMLS:C0677481 (urinary frequency)
 1,126 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a clinical and microbiological study of women with urinary frequency and dysuria (excluding those with bacterial cystitis), 41 patients were compared with 42 control subjects. No difference was found between patients and controls in the incidence of infection by Chlamydia trachomatis or other sexually transmitted organisms. The numbers of lactobacilli and other fastidious organisms in the urine of patients with either mild or severe symptoms were similar and did not differ from the numbers in the urine of control subjects. The numbers of leucocytes in urine were also similar in both patients and controls. Our findings support the view that the urethral syndrome is not caused by bacterial or chlamydial infection.
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PMID:Microbiology of the urethral (frequency and dysuria) syndrome. A controlled study with 5-year review. 280 64

Frequency of micturition and dysuria were prominent symptoms in 135 (57%) of 237 women with urethral syndrome. Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis were the principal organisms associated with the urethral syndrome (38.41%, 28.14% and 11.11%, respectively). Escherichia coli was cultured from four patients and Herepes genitalis and Neisseria gonorrhoea were isolated from five patients. Infections with more than one organism were frequent. Thirty-one of 135 patients were infected by two organisms, 27 by three and 4 patients by four microorganisms. Vaginitis due to Garnerella vaginalis, Candida spp. and Trichomonas vaginalis was discovered in 52 (39%) of 135 patients.
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PMID:Sexually transmitted diseases in women with urethral syndrome. 290 82

The urethral syndrome remains a diagnosis of exclusion. The obvious difficulty is the lack of overall significance of this problem: patients with urethral syndrome do not die of their disease. More serious causes of urinary frequency, dysuria, and suprapubic discomfort must be excluded. A combination of a careful history, physical examination, inspection of the urine, urine culture, urine cytology, and cystourethroscopy with biopsy will make the diagnosis. One's personal bias about the etiology will often direct the evaluation. Selective usage of suppressive antibiotics along with reassurance and careful follow-up will prove effective in treating these patients. With greater understanding of lower urinary tract infections and the neurologic innervation of the bladder and urethra, it would seem appropriate for us to continue to develop a better understanding of the urethral syndrome, its etiology, and a more effective treatment rationale. A systematic approach must be maintained in the evaluation of these patients so that an appropriate treatment can be devised.
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PMID:The urethral syndrome. 305 20

The cause of the female urethral syndrome has previously been obscure, as it has been associated by definition with a lack of objective findings but a plethora of subjective complaints of retropubic pressure, dyspareunia, urinary frequency, and dysuria. There is now strong evidence that the microscopic paraurethral glands connected to the distal third of the urethra in the prevaginal space are homologous to the prostate. They stain histologically for prostate-specific antigen and, like the prostate, are subject to both infection and cancer. The most important aspect of recognizing this microscopic "female prostate" as an anatomic feature is that its infections may completely explain many cases of the urethral syndrome. Further, the diagnosis is not elusive if trained clinicians palpate for localized and objective paraurethral tenderness through the anterior vagina wall to one or both sides of the urethra. Treatment parallel to that for male prostatitis is usually rewarded by the elimination of symptoms and the objective finding of the loss of tenderness of the paraurethral glands. As with prostatitis, the localized problem often recurs. It is time to alert primary care physicians to this disorder and to eliminate the widespread practice of treating affected women with either invasive urethral dilation or tranquilizers.
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PMID:Female urethral syndrome. A female prostatitis? 890 77

Various methods of treatment, other than antibiotic therapy, have been proposed for the treatment of female urethral syndrome; however, the results of these treatment methods are disappointing, due perhaps to the use of the wrong treatment approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of external sphincter relaxant and biofeedback (BFB) with electrical stimulation therapy (EST) in patients who do not respond well to antibiotics. One hundred and five patients with a diagnosis of female urethral syndrome were entered into this study. Antibiotics were given as a first-line therapy for about 3 months. In cases of recurrent or incurable urethral syndrome, antibiotic therapy combined with external sphincter relaxant or BFB with EST were performed. External sphincter relaxant group was composed of 31 patients (29.5%) who showed functional urethral obstruction. Biofeedback group was composed of 41 patients (39.0%) who had severe pain or discomfort with irritative voiding symptoms. Subjective symptom was measured before and after therapy using the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire. Thirty-three patients (31.4%) were treated with antibiotic therapy alone and 7 (21.2%) of these patients recurred. The symptom score of this group changed from 10.51 to 2.85. In the antibiotics plus external sphincter relaxant group (N=31), the symptom score changed from 12.39 to 3.96. Five (16.1%) of these patients recurred and 3 of these 5 underwent urethral dilatation. In the antibiotics plus biofeedback group (N=41), the average urinary frequency changed from 12.2 to 7.7 times a day and nocturia changed from 2.4 to 0.6 times a night. The symptom score improved from 15.22 to 4.69 and the overall satisfaction rate was 87.8% (41.5%: very satisfied, 46.3%: satisfied, 12.2%: no response). Female urethral syndrome is not due to a single factor but is a complex disease due to various combined symptoms and mechanisms. This condition needs to be treated with an appropriate treatment protocol. We believe that satisfactory results could be obtained in female urethral syndrome, which has shown poor prognosis until now, by appropriately combining treatment methods, which include the use of external sphincter relaxants, biofeedback therapy and bladder training, according to indication, and depending on whether symptoms continue after initial antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Treatment of female urethral syndrome refractory to antibiotics. 1240 79