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Query: UMLS:C0600142 (hot flushes)
 1,242 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a double-blind study on the value of equine ("natural") oestrogens 30 patients presenting with menopausal symptoms in a group practice were monitored for possible adverse effects on blood clotting, weight, and blood pressure. The women were randomly allocated to two groups and given either three months' hormone treatment followed by three months' placebo or vice versa. An appreciable amelioration of all symptoms on placebo made it difficult to asses the genuine value of oestrogen treatment during the period of study. Both groups made a dramatic clinical improvement during the first three months. Nevertheless, the symptoms of the 15 women who received oestrogen first returned after the cross-over to placebo without any suggestion of a placebo response. In contrast, the other group who took placebo first did not deteriorate after changing to oestrogen. The menopausal index and the karyopyknotic index were not reliable guides to the need for oestrogen treatment. Hot flushes, however, were proportionately reduced on oestrogen and they seemed to be more readily eliminated in individual cases by oestrogen. The results of blood clotting studies indicated that natural oestrogen administration raised the levels of the extrinsic clotting factors VII and X and accelerated the prothrombin time. The findings were similar to those observed after three months synthetic oestrogen administration with oral contraception. Long-term studies and epidemiological surveys of the clinical incidence of thrombotic and other sequelae are needed before large-scale oestrogen replacement treatment can be recommended.
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PMID:Effects of "natural oestrogen" replacement therapy on menopausal symptoms and blood clotting. 17 81

Plasma follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH) concentrations, and pregnanediol and oestrogen excretion rates, were measured in a perimenopausal woman from the first appearance of oligomenorrhoea until the onset of severe and persistent hot flushes two years later. Postmenopausal episodes characterised by hot flashes, amenorrhoea, high FSH levels (greater than or equal to 5IU/L) and low urinary oestrogens (less than or equal to 50 nmol/24hr), were followed by menstrual cycles in which the FSH levels were low (less than 5 IU/L) and there was an ovulatory pattern of oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion. An unusual association of high urinary oestrogens (greater than or equal to 50 nmol/24hr) with high gonadotrophin levels was observed on several occasions. The transient postmenopausal episodes were biochemically and symptomatically indistinguishable from the permanent amenorrhoea of postmenopausal women.
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PMID:Fluctuating ovarian function in a perimenopausal women. 28 73

A double-blind controlled study of the effect of piperazine estrone sulfate on sleep, depression, anxiety, and hot flushes was conducted in 34 perimenopausal women aged 45-55. 1/2 of the group received placebo for 6 weeks, then piperazine estrone sulfate (1.5 mg twice daily) for 8 weeks, while 1/2 remained on placebo throughout. Sleep was recorded electrophysiologically every week after adaptation and baseline readings. Mood and anxiety were rated daily by means of visual analogue scales. Hot flushes were counted daily. Observer rating scales of anxiety and depression were completed at the beginning and end of the baseline placebo period and at the end of the 1st and 2nd treatment month. During the 1st month of active treatment, the amount of intervening wakefulness in the first 6 hours of sleep decreased significantly more in the estrone group than in those on placebo. Between the baseline period and the 2nd treatment month, the estrone group showed a significantly greater decrease in the total amount of wakefulness and in the frequency of awakenings. Their total amount of rapid eye movement sleep increased. Mood and anxiety improved and the number of hot flushes decreased to a similar degree in both groups.
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PMID:Effect of oestrogen on the sleep, mood, and anxiety of menopausal women. 33 4

Six postmenopausal women, who were experiencing frequent hot flashes, had an 8 h continuous recording of skin temperature over the dorsum of the finger as an objective index of hot flashes. Frequent blood samples were obtained during the time of the recording for the measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. During the 48 h of recording 34 significant temperature elevations were recorded and 32 were associated with a subjective hot flash. 3l pulses of LH release were also observed with 26 occurring simultaneously with the temperature rises. Correlation analysis of simultaneous skin temperature and circulating LH levels showed a significant positive correlation (p less than 0.01). FSH levels showed no consistent relationship with skin temperature. These data suggest that LH or the factors that trigger its pulsatile release are related to the mechanism responsible for the initiation of hot flashes.
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PMID:LH, FSH and skin temperaure during the menopausal hot flash. 44 14

Eighteen hot flushes experimenced by eight menopausal women were studied and compared with the effects of warming in six premenopausal women. The hot flushes were associated with an acute rise in skin temperature, peripheral vasodilatation, a transient increase in heart rate, fluctuations in the electrocardiographic (ECG) baseline, and a pronounced decrease in skin resistence. Although premenopausal women had greater maximum increases in skin temperature and peripheral vasodilatation, they showed a much smaller decrease in skin resistance and no changes in heart rate or ECG baseline. These findings suggest that the onset of the hot flush is associated with a sudden and transient increase in sympathetic drive. Further investigations may lead to the development of a more specific alternative to oestrogen for relieving menopausal hot flushes.
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PMID:Physiological aspects of menopausal hot flush. 66 70

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and estrogen were studied serially in 20 patients before and after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Ten patients received an implant of estradiol-17 beta (100 mg) at the time of operation. Ten patients who did not receive an implant acted as controls. Patients recorded the severity of vasomotor symptoms before and after hysterectomy. In those patients who did not receive an implant, plasma estrogen levels fell from a mean preoperative level of 18.1 +/- 10.4 ng/100 ml to 8.7 +/- 1.4 ng/100 ml by 24 hours after oophorectomy and they remained in this range for the 6 months of the study. No significant change in the plasma estrogen level was noted after oophorectomy in those patients who received an implant. The implant prevented the rise in gonadotropin levels and the appearance of vasomotor symptoms seen in those patients who underwent oophorectomy without an implant. Insertion of an implant into oophorectomized patients caused the plasma estrogen level to return to premenopausal levels within 2 weeks and the gonadotropin levels to premenopausal values within 6 weeks. Hot flashes were alleviated within 2 to 6 days. The usefulness of this type of therapy in preventing the appearance of vasomotor symptoms at the time of oophorectomy in premenopausal patients is confirmed.
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PMID:Plasma levels of estrogen, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone following castration and estradiol implant. 83 1

Hot flushes in climacteric age can cause noticeable discomfort to those who have them. This functional disturbance confirms the strong relationship between the gonadic steroids and the central neurotransmitters. These complex mechanisms which control reproductive functions limit our knowledge of the pathogenesis of hot flushes. The possible intervention of prostaglandins in the rising of this disturbance and their participation in dismenorrhea have raised the hypothesis that the prostaglandins may be the common denominator in the development of dysmenorrhea in fertile age women and of hot flushes in climacteric age women. Under this context, we examined a number of women in menopause to determine if they suffered with dysmenorrhea in fertile age.
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PMID:[The relation between dysmenorrhea and hot flash in a group of women in climacteric]. 130 7

Hot flushes are the commonest symptom induced by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa). We performed an open observational trial to evaluate the efficacy of veralipride, an antidopaminergic drug, in reducing hot flushes in 25 premenopausal women treated with a GnRHa for endometriosis (8 subjects) or menorrhagia (17 subjects). The patients received goserelin depot for 6 months and veralipride was added for the third month. Hot flushes, severe in all women at 2 months, improved in both frequency and intensity in 92% of the subjects during veralipride administration. The benefit obtained persisted until the end of the GnRHa treatment.
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PMID:Veralipride for hot flushes during gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment. 139 60

Some women report that they have fewer hot flashes when they have a fever. This is the first case of physiological monitoring of hot flashes during fever in a subject with a well documented pattern of frequent hot flashes when afebrile. During fever, there were fewer hot flashes than during afebrile periods, and these hot flashes also tended to be less intense. For most of the period of reduced hot flashes, internal (core) temperature was elevated, above 37.5 degrees C. When the fever broke, hot flashes resumed in a pattern similar to that of afebrile periods. Possible explanations for the reduction in hot flashes during a fever include: (1) a hot flash is triggered, but the characteristic physiological changes do not occur due to competing thermoregulatory drives, (2) the febrile core temperature inhibits whatever it is that triggers a hot flash; or (3) some product of the fever process inhibits the hot flash trigger or masks the physiological changes that occur during hot flashes.
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PMID:Effect of fever on menopausal hot flashes. 150 59

The medical management of endometriosis depends on the stage of the disease, the severity of symptoms, the age of the patient, and her future fertility intentions. The most widely utilized treatment modalities are expectant management, surgery, induction of a pseudopregnancy state with hormonal therapy, and induction of a pseudomenopausal state. Over 50% of women with mild endometriosis and 25% of those with moderate disease can conceive without surgical or pharmacologic intervention. Total hysterectomy or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy represent the only curative form of treatment, but definitive surgery is recommended only in women who do not want to retain their reproductive function or in whom all previous medical and surgical efforts have failed. Pseudopregnancy therapy (administration of low-dose combined oral contraceptives or medroxyprogesterone acetate) eliminates cyclical changes in the endometrium and bleeding, but is associated with the side effects common to these agents and carries a 5-10% annual recurrence rate. During the 1970s, induction of a pseudomenopausal state through administration of oral danazol was the treatment of choice. In dosages of 100-800 mg day, danazol produces symptomatic improvement in 70-95% of patients and disease regression in 8595%; however, recurrence rates as high as 30-40% have been reported, and weight gains of 20-30 pounds are common. Recent studies have shown the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist nafarelin to be as effective as danazol or combined oral contraceptives for the treatment of endometriosis. Hot flashes are the most common adverse effect, but are tolerated by the majority of patients. Nafarelin has the additional advantage of not requiring intramuscular injection or monthly office visits, but patients must be given detailed instructions about its intranasal administration.
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PMID:Pharmacologic management of endometriosis. 183 May 21


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