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Query: UMLS:C0600142 (hot flushes)
 1,242 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Long-term estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women can bring relief to hot flushes and reduce loss of bone mass due to osteoporosis, however, such treatment often can cause uterine hyperplasia and other undesirable effects. This study compared changes in bone mineral content (BMC), uterine weight, pituitary weight and pituitary gonadotropin content in the ovariectomized rat model following treatment with estradiol (E2) or two levels of clomiphene citrate (CC), an estrogen agonist/antagonist. Groups (n = 8-12) of adult ovariectomized (OVX) rat were implanted with E2 pellets (5 micrograms/day) or injected subcutaneously with CC at 1 mg/kg body wt (CC-1) or 5 mg/kg body wt (CC-5) twice weekly for 12 months. Placebo implanted OVX and intact (INT) female rats served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Following treatment, the uterus, pituitary gland and right femur were collected from each animal. E2 treatment increased (P less than 0.05) uterine weight compared to all other treatment groups, while both CC doses increased uterine weight over the OVX group only (E2, 0.24 +/- 0.03; INT, 0.14 +/- 0.01; CC-1, 0.06 +/- 0.01; CC-5, 0.07 +/- 0.01; and OVX, 0.02 +/- 0.01 g per 100 g body wt). Pituitary weight was increased 15-fold (P less than 0.05) by E2 treatment over all other treatment groups (E2, 65.7 +/- 13.9; INT, 4.0 +/- 0.5; CC-1, 3.3 +/- 0.03; CC-5, 2.7 +/- 0.02; and OVX, 2.9 +/- 0.02 mg per 100 g body wt). Both E2 and CC treatments reduced pituitary luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone content (micrograms/pit) to INT levels and were lower (P less than 0.05) than OVX levels. Mean BMC of E2, CC-1- or CC-5-treated rats was greater (P less than 0.05) than that of either the INT or OVX groups, while INT animals had a higher BMC compared to OVX animals (E2, 0.027 +/- 0.003; CC-1, 0.026 +/- 0.001; CC-5, 0.028 +/- 0.001; INT, 0.021 +/- 0.001; and OVX, 0.017 +/- 0.001 g/cm per 100 g body wt). These data indicate that CC has the potential to reduce bone mineral loss without causing other undesirable effects, including uterine hyperstimulation, and thus needs to be further investigated.
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PMID:Effects of long-term treatment with estradiol or clomiphene citrate on bone maintenance, and pituitary and uterine weights in ovariectomized rats. 195 70

Eighteen postmenopausal women with severe hot flashes had continuous recordings of finger temperature and skin resistance as objective indexes of flushing episodes, and serial measurements of anterior pituitary hormones as indirect indexes of hypothalamic neurotransmitter activity. Significant increases of growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) occurred with maximal concentrations at 30, five, and 15 minutes, respectively, after the onset of the skin temperature rises. No significant fluctuations of prolactin (PRL), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were observed. The mean serum cortisol concentration increased 15 minutes after the hot flash, presumably consequent to the preceding elevation of ACTH. Pituitary ACTH release may be secondary to hypothalamic cooling, whereas increased growth hormone and LH output and the thermoregulatory adjustments comprising the flushing episodes are all consistent with cyclic episodes of increased hypothalamic norepinephrine activity.
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PMID:Pituitary hormones during the menopausal hot flash. 609 54

This is the second, conclusive part of the clinical study on clinical responses of early-postmenopausal women to standardized doses of pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Maca-GO). Total of 34 Caucasian women volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized, four months outpatient crossover configuration Trial. After fulfilling the criteria of being early-postmenopausal: blood Estrogen (E2<40 pg/ml) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH>30 IU/ml) at admission, they were randomly allocated to Placebo (P) and Maca-GO (M) treatments (2 groups of 11 participants each). Two 500 mg vegetable hard gel capsules with Maca-GO or Placebo powder were self-administered twice daily with meals (total 2 g/day). At admission and follow-up monthly intervals, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, levels of gonadal, pituitary, thyroid and adrenal hormones, lipids and key minerals were measured. Bone markers were determined after four months M and P use in 12 participants. Menopausal symptoms were assessed according to Greene's Score (GMS) and Kupperman's Index (KMI). Data were analyzed using multivariate technique on blocs of monthly. Results and canonical variate technique was applied to GMS and KMI matrices. Two months application of Maca-GO stimulated (P<0.05) production of E2, suppressed (P<0.05) blood FSH, Thyroid (T3) and Adrenocorticotropic hormones, Cortisol, and BMI, increased (P<0.05) low density lipoproteins, blood Iron and alleviated (P<0.001) menopausal symptoms. Maca-GO noticeably increased bone density markers. In conclusion, Maca-GO applied to early-postmenopausal women (i) acted as a toner of hormonal processes along the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovarian axis, (ii) balanced hormone levels and (iii) relieved symptoms of menopausal discomfort, (hot flushes and night sweating in particular), thus, (iv) exhibited a distinctive function peculiar to adaptogens, providing an alternative non-hormonal plant option to reduce dependence on hormone therapy programs (HRT).
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PMID:Hormone-Balancing Effect of Pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacon): (III) Clinical responses of early-postmenopausal women to Maca in double blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled, crossover configuration, outpatient study. 2367 6

Prolactin-secreting adenoma is rare in elderly women. Patient's clinical picture may be confused with that of menopause, making diagnosis sometimes difficult. We report the case of a 57-year old woman with a 2-year history of secondary amenorrhea without hot flushes associated with galactorrhea in order to highlight the peculiarities of prolactin-secreting microadenomas. Physical examination confirmed the diagnosis of galactorrhoea and biology showed hyperprolactinemia at mIU/L, FSH = 15.1 IU/L and LH = 4,1 IU/L. Pituitary MRI showed left adenoma measuring 8 mm. Patient's evolution under dopaminergic treatment was marked by the recovery, for a transitional period, of mestrual cycles and the occurrence of hot flushes, normalization of prolactin levels and reduction of adenoma size.
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PMID:[Prolactin-secreting microadenoma in menopausal women]. 2890 4