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Query: UMLS:C0600097 (Sedation)
 1,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Good physician-patient rapport and an anxiolytic, sedative, and amnesic premedication are necessary for comfortable, stress-free surgery under local anesthesia. Sufficient experience exists with the intramuscular and intravenous administration of the new benzodiazepine midazolam (Dormicum), while knowledge relating to its oral administration is still scant. Therefore, in a randomized double-blind study midazolam was investigated for oral premedication prior to local anesthesia: two dosages of midazolam were studied and compared with diazepam and placebo. One hour prior to ophthalmic surgery under local anesthesia, four randomized groups of 30 patients each, received a tablet of 7.5 or 15 mg midazolam, 10 mg diazepam, or a placebo. Following this medication, the anxiolytic, sedative, amnesic, and side-effects were determined at defined points of time during the day of surgery and the 1st postoperative day. Anxiolysis was determined using the "state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI)" of Spielberger et al.; sedation was assessed according to Pandit et al.; amnesia was determined by recall of picture cards which had been presented to the patients 50 min after premedication; and patients were asked about 13 side-effects typical of benzodiazepines in a standardized way. Anxiety increased little following the placebo; it decreased significantly following 10 mg diazepam and more markedly following 7.5 and 15 mg midazolam. Sedation increased little following the placebo; it increased more and similarly 50 min after the benzodiazepines; after 90 min the sedative effect was most marked for 15 mg midazolam. However, sedation was of shorter duration after midazolam than after diazepam.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Midazolam (Dormicum) as oral premedication for local anesthesia]. 330 20

The aim was to investigate the efficacy and practicability of oral low-dose premedication with 3.75 mg midazolam (1/2 tablet Dormicum 7.5 mg) for selective intraocular surgery with retrobulbar anesthesia. Forty-six ASA II-III patients were randomly assigned to either group I: midazolam (n = 24) or group II: placebo (n = 22). Sedation was objectively quantified with a scale derived from the Glasgow-Coma-Scale and a verbal self-rating scale. Trait-anxiety was studied with the State-Trait Inventory by Spielberger, perioperative situative anxiety with the Erlanger Anxiety Scale. Cardiovascular variables and oxygenation were automatically monitored. Midazolam produced significant and sufficient sedation and significant anxiolysis. Systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure were moderately but significantly, reduced. The effect on diastolic pressure was more pronounced. There was no effect on heart-rate. Oxygenation at all times remained well above 90% SpO2. In conclusion low-dose oral midazolam proved to be a single and effective premedication before intraocular surgery under local anesthesia.
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PMID:Oral low-dose midazolam as premedication for intraocular surgery in retrobulbar anesthesia: cardiovascular effects and relief of perioperative anxiety. 924 25