Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0600097 (Sedation)
 1,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ondansetron is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist effective as an antiemetic in patients experiencing post-operative or cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Currently, no information is available regarding the interaction of ondansetron with opioids, although a serotonin antagonist might be expected to modify some opioid actions. This study was designed to measure the effects of ondansetron on alfentanil-induced ventilatory depression and sedation in healthy male volunteers. Ventilatory drive (measured as the end-tidal CO2 necessary to produce a minute ventilation of 15 l/min) was determined in 29 subjects using a modification of the Read rebreathing technique. Sedation was measured by asking the subjects to complete visual analog scales. Alfentanil was administered as a bolus (5 micrograms/kg) followed by a continuous infusion (0.25-0.75 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) for at least 90 min. Study medication (ondansetron 8 or 16 mg or vehicle placebo) was then administered in a randomized, double-blind manner, and the alfentanil was infused for an additional 15 min. Measurements of ventilatory drive and sedation were made at baseline, during alfentanil infusion, after study medication, and at 30-min intervals after alfentanil was discontinued. Alfentanil produced significant ventilatory depression (P less than 0.001) and sedation (P less than 0.001) in all three groups. Neither placebo nor ondansetron produced further change in the intensity of either alfentanil effect. After discontinuation of the opioid, both ventilatory depression and sedation decreased, and the rate of recovery was not significantly different between groups. The data indicate that alfentanil-induced sedation and ventilatory depression are not significantly affected by the subsequent administration of ondansetron.
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PMID:Ondansetron does not affect alfentanil-induced ventilatory depression or sedation. 138 67

R51703, a substance with 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2 receptor antagonist properties, was studied to assess its potential as a sedative in cattle. Six cattle in the study group were given R51703 intramuscularly at a dose rate of 0.15 mg/kg. Sedation became obvious between 10 and 15 minutes postinjection in five of these animals and lasted for approximately 120 minutes. No significant changes (P less than or equal to 0.05) were observed in respiratory rate, arterial blood gas, acid-base values or systemic arterial blood pressure. Heart rate was significantly elevated at 40, 60, 90 and 120 minutes posttreatment, but dysrhythmias were not detected. Rumen motility, as judged by the contraction rate, was decreased but not to significant levels. All animals ate normally at the end of the study period. The results indicated that R51703 may have a role in the management of domestic cattle and that further work is indicated to assess its potential in this area.
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PMID:Evaluation of sedative R51703 in cattle: effects on cardiorespiratory functions and rumen contraction rate. 319 77

1. Adrenaline, noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were injected into the lateral ventricle of the ox. The effect of these drugs was measured on the respiratory rate, tidal volume, heat production, skin temperature of the ear, evaporative loss from the skin and the rectal temperature at 20 and 10 degrees C ambient temperature.2. Neither adrenaline (3 mg) nor noradrenaline (3 mg) had any effect on the temperature regulating mechanisms of the ox, except to produce vasoconstriction if vasodilatation was already present due to high ambient temperature or previous injection of 5-HT.3. Injection of 5-HT (5 mg) caused a rise in respiratory rate, a fall in tidal volume and heat production, elevation of ear skin temperature and skin evaporative loss and a decrease in rectal temperature. Sedation of the animals occurred.4. In its reaction to these monoamines the ox is similar to the goat, sheep and rabbit, but is unlike the cat and dog.5. It was concluded that neither adrenaline nor noradrenaline has a role in the central control of temperature regulation in the ox, but that 5-HT may be involved in the control of heat dissipation mechanisms.
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PMID:The mechanism of body temperature changes induced by intraventricular injections of adrenaline, noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the ox (Bos taurus). 603 17