Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0599766 (functional recovery)
 13,441 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells (hBMSC-SC) promotes functional recovery after contusive spinal cord injury of adult rats. Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) were cultured from bone marrow of adult human patients and induced into Schwann cells (hBMSC-SC) in vitro. Schwann cell phenotype was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. Growth factors secreted from hBMSC-SC were detected using cytokine antibody array. Immunosuppressed rats were laminectomized and their spinal cords were contused using NYU impactor (10 g, 25 mm). Nine days after injury, a mixture of Matrigel and hBMSC-SC (hBMSC-SC group) was injected into the lesioned site. Five weeks after transplantation, cresyl-violet staining revealed that the area of cystic cavity was smaller in the hBMSC-SC group than that in the control group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of anti-growth-associated protein-43-positive nerve fibers was significantly larger in the hBMSC-SC group than that in the control group. At the same time, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase- or serotonin-positive fibers was significantly larger at the lesion epicenter and caudal level in the hBMSC-SC group than that in the control group. In electron microscopy, formation of peripheral-type myelin was recognized near the lesion epicenter in the hBMSC-SC group. Hind limb function recovered significantly in the hBMSC-SC group compared with the control group. In conclusion, the functions of hBMSC-SC are comparable to original Schwann cells in rat spinal cord injury models, and are thus potentially useful treatments for patients with spinal cord injury.
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PMID:Transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells reduces cystic cavity and promotes functional recovery after contusion injury of adult rat spinal cord. 2057 32

After severe spinal cord injury, spontaneous functional recovery is limited. Numerous studies have demonstrated cell transplantation as a reliable therapeutic approach. However, it remains unknown whether grafted neuronal cells could replace lost neurons and reconstruct neuronal networks in the injured spinal cord. To address this issue, we transplanted bone marrow stromal cell-derived neural progenitor cells (BM-NPCs) in a rat model of complete spinal cord transection 9 days after the injury. BM-NPCs were induced from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by gene transfer of the Notch-1 intracellular domain followed by culturing in the neurosphere method. As reported previously, BM-NPCs differentiated into neuronal cells in a highly selective manner in vitro. We assessed hind limb movements of the animals weekly for 7 weeks to monitor functional recovery after local injection of BM-NPCs to the transected site. To test the sensory recovery, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using electrical stimulation of the hind limbs. In the injured spinal cord, transplanted BM-NPCs were confirmed to express neuronal markers 7 weeks following the transplantation. Grafted cells successfully extended neurites beyond the transected portion of the spinal cord. Adjacent localization of synaptophysin and PSD-95 in the transplanted cells suggested synaptic formations. These results indicated survival and successful differentiation of BM-NPCs in the severely injured spinal cord. Importantly, rats that received BM-NPCs demonstrated significant motor recovery when compared to the vehicle injection group. Volumes of the fMRI signals in somatosensory cortex were larger in the BM-NPC-grafted animals. However, neuronal activity was diverse and not confined to the original hind limb territory in the somatosensory cortex. Therefore, reconstruction of neuronal networks was not clearly confirmed. Our results indicated BM-NPCs as an effective method to deliver neuronal lineage cells in a severely injured spinal cord. However, reestablishment of neuronal networks in completed transected spinal cord was still a challenging task.
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PMID:Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cell-derived neural precursor cells ameliorates deficits in a rat model of complete spinal cord transection. 2312 93