UMLS:C0599766 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UMLS:C0599766 (functional recovery)
13,441 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Balloon inflation performed during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty causes transient total occlusion of the coronary artery and thus provides a model for evaluation of the regional myocardial responses to transient ischemia. Twenty patients with normal left ventricular function undergoing angioplasty of isolated stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery were studied. In group A (14 patients) analysis of one inflation-deflation sequence per patient was performed. Group B (six patients) had multiple (greater than 5) inflations; the first and last sequences were analyzed. Assessment included continuous two-dimensional echocardiography with computerized quantitative analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion, and continuous 12 lead electrocardiographic recordings. The mean duration of inflation in group A was 62 +/- 6 seconds (mean +/- SD). The onset of regional left ventricular dysfunction was 12 +/- 5 seconds after inflation. Profound dysfunction was noted in all patients. After 60 seconds of balloon occlusion of the coronary artery, 29% of patients had severe hypokinesia of the ischemic region and 71% had akinesia or dyskinesia. With deflation there was prompt recovery of regional function, with full recovery at 43 +/- 17 seconds. Comparison of data from first and last inflations in group B revealed no significant differences in time to onset of dysfunction, magnitude of dysfunction or time to complete recovery of function. The onset of ischemic electrocardiographic changes lagged behind the onset of wall motion abnormalities, with only 64% of patients showing evidence of ischemia on 12 lead electrocardiograms at 20 seconds of inflation. After 60 seconds, 86% had ischemia detectable by electrocardiography. Thus, balloon inflation during coronary angioplasty leads to profound but reversible regional left ventricular dysfunction. Repeated occlusions of the coronary artery during angioplasty do not have a cumulative ischemic effect. It may be hazardous to apply these findings to patients who have underlying major left ventricular dysfunction and in whom the reversibility of dysfunction and lack of cumulative ischemic effect may not be assured.
...
PMID:Regional myocardial dysfunction during coronary angioplasty: evaluation by two-dimensional echocardiography and 12 lead electrocardiography. 294 Feb 83

Analysis of motivated behaviors indicates the presence of two components, a component that is specific to a particular behavior and a nonspecific component that they all share. Thus, feeding and drinking may be readily differentiated from each other, yet behavioral arousal is a feature of both. Accumulating evidence now suggests that brain catecholamines are involved in the nonspecific aspects of behavior. For example, a variety of sensory stimuli have been shown to increase activity in central catecholaminergic systems measured by electrophysiological, biochemical and electrochemical techniques. Conversely, destruction of these systems leads to a profound decrease in sensory responsiveness. We have been studying the role of the dopamine-containing neurons of the nigrostriatal bundle in motivated behavior. Studies in which dopaminergic activity was monitored in striatum indicate that dopamine release is markedly, though briefly, elevated in response to a variety of intense environmental stimuli, including cold and tail shock. On the other hand, lesions of this pathway impair sensorimotor integration and, thereby, lead to akinesia, sensory neglect and the virtual elimination of all voluntary activities. Moreover, although there is a gradual recovery of function in these brain-damaged animals, they remain less sensitive to stimulation than control animals. For example, they eat but maintain body weight at a level considerably lower than controls, presumably because it takes a greater stimulus of hunger to provoke feeding and less food intake to cause that stimulus to slip below threshold levels of activation. These, and other findings, suggest an important role of brain catecholamines in behavioral arousal, that is, in permitting animals to remain alert and to respond appropriately to relevant sensory stimuli.
...
PMID:Brain catecholamines and the central control of food intake. 639 7

At medium term, the results of delayed angioplasty (DA) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in terms of arterial permeability but particularly of left ventricular function (LVF) is still poorly understood and is the subject of this prospective study. Over 18 months, 76 patients underwent DA for the residual stenosis on day 8 +/- 5 with complete and partial success rates of 88.2% and 11.8% respectively. Rapid reocclusion (< 48 hours) was documented in 9.2% of cases. After 6 months, there had been no deaths and no recurrence of infarction but a recurrence of angina in 23.7% of cases. Angiographic monitoring, carried out in 56 cases (73.7%) after 6 +/- 2.4 months identified 21 restenosis (37.5%) and 6 re-occlusions (10.7%). 12 of the restenosis were successfully re-dilated. The effect on LV function was investigated in 50 patients. In the absence of reocclusion, the ejection fraction and the kinetics of the infarcted territory were improved; significant restenosis (> 60% by digital densitometry) did not appear to offset these improvements. In addition to the maintenance of arterial permeability, the possibility of functional recovery appears to be conditioned by the degree of contractile abnormality observed during the initial ventriculography. Despite the absence of restenosis after 6 months, the occurrence on day 6 of akinesia or above all of dyskinesia reduces the chances of contractile improvement with as a corollary more marked LV changes.
...
PMID:[Delayed angioplasty for residual stenosis following thrombolyzed infarction: arterial permeability and left ventricular function after 6 months]. 836 95

Administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to cats results in a parkinsonian syndrome characterized by rigidity, akinesia, bradykinesia, decreased response to external sensory stimuli and depletion of nigrostriatal dopamine. Cats spontaneously recover gross sensorimotor functions despite little recovery of the dopaminergic innervation of the striatum. In contrast, GM1 ganglioside administration accelerates gross behavioral recovery and causes an increased dopaminergic innervation of the striatum. This study examined whether these two recovery conditions are characterized by different degrees of functional recovery. Cats were trained to perform a sensorimotor reaching task prior to MPTP exposure and were then re-tested on the task 6 weeks later after spontaneously recovering gross motor functioning or after 6 weeks of GM1 treatment. Gross motor recovery was similar in both groups. However, the spontaneously recovered cats had significant difficulty in performing the task while GM1-treated cats performed normally. GM1-treated cats also had significant increases in striatal [3H]mazindol binding compared to spontaneously recovered cats. These results suggest that while gross motor functions may improve to a similar extent with spontaneous and GM1-induced recovery from experimental parkinsonism, complex sensorimotor behavior recovers to different extents under the different recovery conditions. More complete behavioral recovery may depend upon at least a partial recovery of striatal dopaminergic terminals rather than neurochemical compensation.
...
PMID:Differential recovery of sensorimotor function in GM1 ganglioside-treated vs. spontaneously recovered MPTP-treated cats: partial striatal dopaminergic reinnervation vs. neurochemical compensation. 982 74

Previous studies have shown that the maintenance of cell membrane integrity and metabolism requires the persistence of residual myocardial blood flow. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of N-13 ammonia positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging performed early after an acute myocardial infarction for predicting functional recovery. Seventeen patients with an acute myocardial infarction were included in the study. Thirteen received thrombolytic therapy, 2 underwent immediate angioplasty of the infarct-related artery and 2 were treated with heparin. N-13 ammonia imaging was performed 6 +/- 2 days after the acute event and was followed by elective angioplasty in 13 patients. Using a 16-segment polar map display, regional N-13 ammonia uptake was expressed as a percentage of maximal segmental uptake and classified as normal (> 63%), moderately reduced (63-50%) and severely reduced (< 50%) based on values of tracer uptake obtained from healthy subjects. By echocardiographic assessment of regional wall thickening within 96 hours and at 1 month after the infarct, we examined the relationship between blood flow and functional outcome of myocardial segments in the infarct-related area. Regional wall thickening was graded on a 4-point scale: normal (1), hypokinesia (2), akinesia (3) and dyskinesia (4). Of 77 dyssynergic segments at baseline echocardiographic study, 43 had normal flow, 15 moderately reduced flow and 19 severely reduced flow. Segments with N-13 ammonia uptake > or = 50% demonstrated a significant improvement in wall thickening score at follow-up (p < 0.001), whereas segments with N-13 ammonia uptake < 50% showed no improvement in wall thickening scores (p < 0.001). The proportion of segments improving contractility by at least 1 score was significantly higher in the group of segments with N-13 ammonia uptake > 63%. The predictive value for defining functional recovery with segmental N-13 ammonia uptake > 63% was 86%. The predictive value for absence of recovery (uptake < 50%) was 54%. In conclusion, our data showed that early after an acute myocardial infarction N-13 ammonia imaging provides information regarding functional outcome.
...
PMID:The role of early measurement of nitrogen-13 ammonia uptake for predicting contractile recovery after acute myocardial infarction. 993 14

Intrastriatal transplantation of fetal ventral mesencephalon (VM) is currently explored as a potential clinical therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although providing substantial benefit for the patient, behavioral recovery so far obtained with intrastriatal VM grafts is not complete. Using the 6-hydroxydopamine lesion model of PD, we show here that near-complete restoration of the striatal dopamine (DA) innervation can be achieved by multiple intrastriatal microtransplants of fetal DA cells; nevertheless, complete recovery in complex sensorimotor behaviors was not obtained in these animals. In line with the current model of basal ganglia function, this suggests that the lesion-induced overactivity of the basal ganglia output structures, i.e., the substantia nigra (SN) and the entopeduncular nucleus, may not be completely reversed by intrastriatal VM grafts. In the present study, we have transplanted fetal VM tissue or fetal striatal tissue, as a source of DA and GABA neurons, respectively, into the SN of DA-depleted rats. Intranigral VM grafts induced behavioral recovery in some sensorimotor behaviors (forelimb akinesia and balance tests), but the effect did not exceed the recovery observed after intrastriatal VM grafts. Intranigral grafts of striatal tissue induced a pattern of functional recovery which was distinctly different from that observed after intranigral VM grafts, and recovery in coordinated forelimb use in the paw-reaching test was even more pronounced than after intrastriatal transplantation of VM cells. Combined transplantation of DA neurons into the striatum and GABA-rich striatal neurons into the SN induced additive effects of behavioral recovery observed in the forelimb akinesia test. We propose that intranigral striatal transplants, by a GABA-mediated inhibitory action, can reduce the overactivity of the host SN projection neurons and can induce significant recovery in complex motor behavior in the rat PD model and that such grafts may be used to increase the overall functional efficacy of intrastriatal VM grafts.
...
PMID:Intranigral transplants of GABA-rich striatal tissue induce behavioral recovery in the rat Parkinson model and promote the effects obtained by intrastriatal dopaminergic transplants. 1007 93

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has prominent survival-promoting effects on lesioned nigrostriatal dopamine neurons, but understanding of the conditions under which functional recovery can be obtained remains to be acquired. We report here the time course of nigrostriatal axon degeneration in the partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease and the morphological and functional effects of sequential administration of GDNF in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum during the first 5 weeks postlesion. By 1 day postlesion, the nigrostriatal axons had retracted back to the level of the caudal globus pallidus. Over the next 6 days axonal retraction progressed down to the SN, and during the following 7 weeks 74% of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH(+)) and 84% of retrogradely labeled nigral neurons were lost, with a more pronounced loss in the rostral part of the SN. GDNF administration protected 70 and 72% of the nigral TH(+) and retrogradely labeled cell bodies, respectively, but did not prevent the die-back of the lesioned nigrostriatal axons. Although clear signs of sprouting were observed close to the injection site in the striatum as well as in the globus pallidus, the overall DA innervation of the striatum [as measured by [(3)H]-N-[1-(2-benzo(b)thiopenyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine-binding autoradiography] was not improved by the GDNF treatment. Moreover, the lesion-induced deficits in forelimb akinesia and drug-induced rotation were not attenuated. We conclude that functional recovery in the partial lesion model depends not only on preservation of the nigral cell bodies, but more critically on the ability of GDNF to promote significant reinnervation of the denervated striatum.
...
PMID:Sequential administration of GDNF into the substantia nigra and striatum promotes dopamine neuron survival and axonal sprouting but not striatal reinnervation or functional recovery in the partial 6-OHDA lesion model. 1068 72

Akinesia after acute myocardial infarction (MI) may be reversible, secondary to stunning, or irreversible, as a result of extensive myocyte necrosis. Distinguishing these 2 entities soon after MI is difficult, but has important clinical implications. The current study assessed the use of intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in this setting. A total of 35 patients were studied 2 (+/- 1) days after an acute MI. Of these, 31 (91%) underwent myocardial revascularization. Perfusion was assessed using real-time MCE and an intravenous infusion of octafluoropropane microbubbles. Repeated echocardiograms were obtained 56 (+/- 29) days later. Normal perfusion predicted functional recovery with a positive predictive value of 66% and a negative predictive value of 81%. The accuracy of the technique was superior in myocardial segments supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery (positive and negative predictive value: 70% and 90%, respectively). In multivariable analysis, the mean MCE perfusion score in akinetic segments was the most powerful independent predictor of functional recovery (odds ratio 8.6, P =.02). These data suggest that real-time intravenous MCE is a useful predictor of functional recovery of akinetic myocardium after acute MI.
...
PMID:Contrast echocardiography using intravenous octafluoropropane and real-time perfusion imaging predicts functional recovery after acute myocardial infarction. 1277 24

Akinesia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be reversible or irreversible. Distinguishing these 2 entities early after AMI is difficult, but clinically important. Previous studies have shown that myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and low-dose dobutamine echocardiography (DE) may both be useful in this setting. However, there are few data regarding the relative and combined value of these techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the utility of real-time intravenous MCE and low-dose DE in the early prediction of functional recovery of akinetic myocardium after AMI. Thirty-seven patients were studied 3 +/- 2 days after an AMI. Each subject underwent real-time MCE using an intravenous infusion of perflutren microbubbles. Immediately after this, low-dose DE was performed. Contrast opacification and wall motion were determined by experienced observers blinded to clinical data. Repeat echocardiograms were obtained 51 +/- 19 days later and wall motion at rest was scored by an observer blinded to clinical data. Normal contrast opacification predicted functional recovery with a positive predictive value of 63%, a negative predictive value of 73%, and an accuracy of 66%. Residual contractility during low-dose DE had a positive predictive value of 82%, a negative predictive value of 72%, and a predictive accuracy of 76%. When the 2 tests were concordant (64%), they had a positive predictive value of 81%, a negative predictive value of 85%, and a predictive accuracy of 83%. Low-dose DE was superior to intravenous MCE in the prediction of functional recovery of akinetic myocardium after AMI, but the combination of both maximizes predictive accuracy.
...
PMID:Comparison of intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography and low-dose dobutamine echocardiography for predicting left ventricular functional recovery following acute myocardial infarction. 1294 67

Neuronal function and morphology are affected by the environment and the behavioral experience. Here we report on the effects of differential training protocols on the development and the functional recovery mediated by intrastriatal striatal grafts. Rats were trained exclusively on the left or the right paw to perform on the skilled staircase task before being lesioned unilaterally in the dorsal striatum with quinolinic acid. E15 whole ganglionic eminence suspension grafts were implanted into the lesioned striatum. Subsequent testing probed unilateral performance of the affected contralateral paw, as well as bilateral performance. The grafted animals were initially as impaired as the lesioned, but partially recovered their performance with additional training. Grafted animals with appropriate previous experience initially performed better on the staircase test, but the advantage was transient. Furthermore, the grafted animals performed better with their affected paw under forced choice than under conditions when both paws were simultaneously probed. Improvements of the grafted animals were also observed on tests of forelimb akinesia and asymmetry. Morphological data suggest that the training conditions influenced the development specifically of striatal-like, but not of non-striatal like, neurones within the grafts. The grafts were smaller containing less striatal-like neurones in animals that were trained on the contralateral side prior to lesioning and grafting. The results support the hypothesis that unilateral training sensitizes the striatum that subserves the motor learning, leading to exacerbated excitotoxic lesions and to an environment less conducive for graft development.
...
PMID:Training specificity, graft development and graft-mediated functional recovery in a rodent model of Huntington's disease. 1583 16

1 2 Next >>