Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0598934 (tumor growth)
 58,965 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Local stenoses of the central airways in malignant inoperable disease are sometimes present at the time of diagnosis or develop over time after the completion of systemic palliative treatment. These stenoses should be relieved by local means in order to prevent the development of atelectasis and poststenotic pneumonia. Otherwise, patients will develop progressive dyspnea, and their general condition will decline rapidly. Various methods aimed at the relief of local obstructions exist and are often used in combination. Most procedures are performed under general anaesthesia using the rigid bronchoscope. Intraluminal obstructions can be relieved by laser-, cryo- and brachytherapy (endobronchial radiation). Extrinsic stenoses caused by airway compression from outside or by thickening of the airway wall through submucosal tumor growth must be dilated. At the end of these procedures, the insertion of silicone stents is ideally suited to maintain airway patency in dilated extrinsic stenoses and to prevent recurrent intraluminal tumor growth after laser therapy. The various methods aimed at the relief of malignant local airway obstructions are discussed, with emphasis on the recently developed silicone stents.
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PMID:[Palliative measures in tumor-induced obstruction of the airways]. 137 May 88

Three patients suffering from bronchial carcinoma with severe bronchial obstruction have been successfully treated by implantation of metallic stents. Two of them suffered from peribronchial tumor growth while the third one complained about dyspnoea caused by the instability of the central airways. Stents were implanted into the left main bronchus or the intermediate bronchus either through a flexible bronchoscope under local anaesthesia and sedation or through a rigid bronchoscope under general anaesthesia. The successful dilatation of the stenosis could be demonstrated by bronchography. The patients tolerated the stents well. We found no dislocation, deformation or ulceration of the bronchial mucosa. The implantation of metallic stents thus seems to offer new possibilities for the palliative treatment of bronchial carcinoma.
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PMID:[Bronchial endoprostheses (stents) in inoperable bronchial carcinoma]. 170 30

16 silicone stents and 9 expandable metallic stents (Strecker-stents) were implanted in 22 patients (16 x tumors of central bronchial tree, 6 x stenosis of benign conditions). The silicone stents were mainly implanted in the trachea and main bronchi, the metallic stents in lobar bronchi. In all cases we succeeded in implantation without complications. With both stent models an immediate relief of dyspnea and respiratory failure was achieved in all cases. The average period of follow-up is 65 days, the longest 105 days (silicone stents) respectively 306 days (metallic stents). All stents were tolerated well besides one with a feeling of intrathoracic pressure. Complications were dislocation (1 x), occlusive tumor growth (1 x), granulations (1 x), suppurative bronchitis (2 x), growth of tissue through the wall of metallic stents (1 x) and restenosis by indurated secretions (2 x). Though the long term results were well with different types of stents, which are available today, the expandable stent woven of metallic wire, seems to fit best to clinical needs.
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PMID:[Tracheobronchial stents--indications and possibilities]. 176 54

Inoperable tracheobronchial stenoses are most often due to malignant disease. Apart from systemic therapy, various local treatment modalities such as laser resection, cryotherapy and endobronchial radiation therapy have been designed to maintain airway patency. Recently, various models of tracheobronchial stents (or endoprostheses) have been designed to maintain airway patency. They prevent recurring endobronchial tumor growth or progressive extrinsic compression of dilated airways. Silicone stents are highly suitable for this purpose. We treated 12 patients (11 males, 1 female, median age 68,5 years) suffering from bronchial carcinoma (6), esophageal carcinoma (4), metastatic colon carcinoma (1) and metastatic osteosarcoma (1). One stent per patient was inserted at the following sites: 6 in the right main bronchus, 4 in the trachea, 1 in the left main bronchus and 1 tracheobronchial left. We observed 2 complications: one obstruction of a bronchial stent by secretions which could be managed by fiberbronchoscopy and one short fire to a bronchial stent on repeat laser therapy. Rapid and lasting relief of dyspnea was observed in all patients. Our initial experience with a median follow-up of 2 months confirmed the easy insertion technique, the excellent effect and tolerance as well as the simple postoperative care of these silicone stents. Their use immediately after relief of a tracheobronchial obstruction by local means can be recommended.
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PMID:[Silicone endoprosthesis in the treatment of tracheobronchial stenosis. Report of the first 12 patients treated with this method]. 192 57

An animal model for breast cancer, brain and bone metastasis was developed using ENU1564, a cell line established from a metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in a female Berlin-Druckrey IV rat. The original tumor isolate (designated FP1) spontaneously metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and lung following orthotopic inoculation into mammary fat pad (mfp) and metastasizes widely following left cardiac ventricle (LV) inoculation. From FP1, two sublines were selected from brain metastases (designated Br7-C5) or from slowly growing colonies in vitro (FP2-A11), then cloned and compared in assays of spontaneous and experimental metastasis. After inoculation of 10(5) cells into mfp, Br7-C5 formed large tumors at the inoculation site (9.4 +/- 3.3 g) and spontaneously metastasized to lung and lymph node by 55 days post-inoculation (dpi). In contrast, FP2-A11 produced much smaller tumors within mfp (0.6 +/- 0.3 g) and failed to metastasize by 55 dpi. Rats inoculated via the LV with 10(4) Br7-C5 cells developed signs of weight loss, head tilt, and dyspnea by 24 +/- 1.4 dpi with consistent colonization of brain, bone, lung, heart, kidney, and stomach. Rats inoculated similarly with FP2-A11 showed no signs until 53 +/- 12.3 dpi, when all developed rear limb paresis. There was significant colonization of only brain and bone, with only minor lung involvement. These ENU1564 sublines thus differ in their apparent rates of tumor growth and lesion development in vivo, their capacity to metastasize from orthotopic implantation sites, and in the spectrum of tissues colonized in experimental metastasis assays. Both clones provide reproducible models of breast cancer metastasis in syngeneic hosts, particularly to brain and bone.
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PMID:Characterization of brain and bone-metastasizing clones selected from an ethylnitrosourea-induced rat mammary carcinoma. 803 3

Gianturco expandable metallic stents were placed in 14 patients with 19 malignant lesions who had tracheobronchial stenosis and/or obstruction together with dyspnea. In all 14 patients, stenotic and/or obstructive changes disappeared immediately after the procedure, and the dyspnea improved. Lumina at the sites of tracheal lesions expanded from a mean of 3.9 mm in diameter before stent placement to a mean of 13.9 mm after stent placement. Lumina at the sites of bronchial lesions expanded from a mean of 2.1 mm to a mean of 10.3 mm. Lumina at the sites of lesions caused by extrinsic compression expanded to a mean of 89.7% of normal, while lumina at the sites of lesions caused by intraluminal tumor growth expanded to a mean of 63.2% of normal. There was improvement of at least one grade of the Hugh-Jones classification in 12 patients. Ten of the patients died; in two of these patients, restenosis developed.
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PMID:Malignant tracheobronchial obstructive lesions: treatment with Gianturco expandable metallic stents. 851 Dec 98

A patient with early laryngeal cancer who rejected both radiation therapy and surgery was treated with only chemotherapy of UFT combined with CBDCA. UFT (tegafur 300 mg/day) was administered orally and CBDCA was injected intravenously at a dose of 300 mg/body every 1-2 months, 11 times. For over 2 years the patient has demonstrated gradual tumor growth, but has not complained of dyspnea and has worked every day. The chemotherapy has improved his quality of life.
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PMID:[A case of laryngeal cancer treated for over 2 years with UFT and CBDCA alone]. 1006 3

Tumor cells and associated stromal cells secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributing to invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Batimastat (BB-94) is a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor that causes resolution of ascites and/or tumor growth delay in animal models of breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer. We recruited 18 patients with cytologically positive malignant pleural effusions into a Phase I study of intrapleural BB-94. Three patients received single doses of BB-94 at each dose level: 15, 30, 60, 105, 135, and 300 mg/m2. Two patients were retreated with a second course at 60 and 105 mg/m2. BB-94 was detectable in plasma 1 h after intrapleural administration, and peak levels of 20-200 ng/ml occurred after 4 h to 1 week. BB-94 persisted in the plasma for up to 12 weeks, at levels exceeding the IC50s for target MMPs. Peak values were higher, and persistence in the plasma was longer after higher doses of BB-94. The treatment was well tolerated. Toxic effects included low-grade fever for 24-48 h (6 of 18 patients, 33%) and reversible asymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes (8 patients, 44%). Toxicity seemed unrelated to BB-94 dose or plasma levels. Sixteen patients evaluable for response required significantly fewer pleural aspirations in the 3 months after BB-94 compared with the 3 months before. Seven patients (44%) required no further pleural aspiration until death/last follow-up. After 1 month, patients treated with 60-300 mg/m2 BB-94 had significantly better dyspnea scores, indicating improved exercise tolerance, compared with baseline scores the day after BB-94. The maximum tolerated intrapleural dose remains to be defined, but it is clear that intrapleural BB-94 is well tolerated, with evidence of local activity.
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PMID:Phase I study of intrapleural batimastat (BB-94), a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. 1010 Jul 1

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland is rare, and to the best of our knowledge only nine well-documented cases have been previously reported in the world literature. We herein report a 90-year-old female patient with primary leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland who showed a rapid tumor growth and tracheal obstruction. The patient was successfully treated by a partial resection of the thyroid gland using an ultrasonically activated scalpel and emergency tracheostomy. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive reactivity to smooth muscle actin and negative reactivity to thyroglobin. Palliative surgery successfully allowed the patient to recover from the symptoms of dyspnea related to this rare disease. The use of an ultrasonically activated scalpel and tracheostomy thus allowed us to safely perform a thyroidectomy with substantially less bleeding than normal.
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PMID:Leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland with rapid growth and tracheal obstruction: A partial thyroidectomy and tracheostomy using an ultrasonically activated scalpel can be safely performed with less bleeding. 1058 4

A 53-year-old woman presented with a primary cardiac sarcoma mimicking benign myxoma manifesting as progressive heart failure. Transesophageal echocardiography disclosed two separate tumors in the left atrium which appeared just like myxoma, except for the origin and multiple growth profile. Three separate tumors were identified during the operation arising from the posterior wall of the left atrium, mitral valve orifice and left atrial free wall. The histological diagnosis was malignant undifferentiated sarcoma. Six months later, she noticed dyspnea and arm numbness due to local recurrence of cardiac tumor and brain metastasis. She died suddenly 6 months after the surgery during admission. The clinical and echocardiographic findings are crucial to discriminate malignant cardiac tumors from benign myxoma. Rapidly progressive clinical course, multiple tumor growth and non-septal attachment of the tumor all suggest a malignant profile of the primary cardiac tumors. Careful and precise preoperative evaluation, including echocardiographic survey of the tumor origin and multiple growth profile, are essential to identify malignant cardiac tumor.
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PMID:Primary cardiac sarcoma mimicking benign myxoma: a case report. 1209 22


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