Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0598934 (tumor growth)
 58,965 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A technique of passive hemagglutination inhibition (PHI) has been used to monitor levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human sera following surgical therapy. CEA was coupled to human type O-negative erythrocytes in the presence of bis-diazotized benzidine. Pre-operative and post-operative sera from 11 patients with primary adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract and from one patient with ulcerative colitis were then tested for their capacity to inhibit the agglutination of the sensitized cells in the presence of a predetermined amount of goat anti-CEA serum. Positive sera were defined as those which inhibited agglutination at dilutions of greater than 1:8. The pre-operative sera from 11 of the 12 patients inhibited agglutination at dilutions of 1:16 or greater. The one negative serum was from a patient with primary adenocarcinoma of the colon in the stage of Dukes' C. At one month post-resection, the PHI titer of six patients with colon cancer and of the patient with ulcerative colitis was less than or equal to 1:8. However, by 4 months post-resection, all but 3 of the patients had PHI titers in the positive range. These elevated titers were accompanied by recurrence of tumor growth and/or metastatic dissemination. A radioimmunoassay was used to quantitate CEA in 22 of the sera which had been tested by PHI. When positive sera were defined as those which inhibited agglutination at dilutions of greater than 1:8 and contained CEA in excess of 5 ng per ml, the results of the two procedures were in agreement for 17 of the 22 specimens. Five sera, representative of 2 patients with colon cancer, were false negative by PHI.
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PMID:Use of a passive hemagglutination inhibition test for monitoring levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen following surgical therapy. 94 51

Rats with an adenocarcinoma of the colon implanted into the liver were treated by a bolus injection of adriamycin by the hepatic artery. In addition, vascular occlusions were performed in the following three ways. 1. The hepatic artery was ligated (HAL) immediately after adriamycin injection. 2. The portal venous branch nourishing the tumor was ligated immediately after adriamycin injection. 3. The Pringle maneuvre (clamping of the hepatic artery, the portal vein and the common bile duct) was performed during 5 min before and 10 min after injection. Tumor size was measured at operation and 6 and 12 days later in the first experiment, 7 days later in the other two experiments. The combination of adriamycin and HAL retarded tumor growth at day 6 as compared to controls, adriamycin alone and HAL alone. The differences were not significant at day 12. The other vascular occlusions did not improve the antitumor effect of adriamycin.
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PMID:Hepatic vascular occlusion combined with adriamycin given by the hepatic artery in rats with adenocarcinoma in the liver. 206 27

Gastrin has been shown to stimulate the growth of carcinogenic-induced colon cancer in animals, and some human colon cancers grown in vitro or as xenografts in nude mice. We determined fasting plasma gastrin levels in control subjects and patients with adenomatous polyps or adenocarcinoma of the colon to determine whether abnormal levels occurred in either patient group. Blood samples were obtained from 73 patients undergoing colonoscopy, primarily for evaluation of Hemoccult-positive stools. Fasting plasma gastrin was significantly greater in patients with adenomatous polyps (24.2 +/- 5.7 pM, N = 25) or colon cancer (84.5 +/- 28.5 pM, N = 20) than in controls (9.9 +/- 0.9 pM, N = 28). Elevations were due to gastrin values greater than control mean + 2 SD in nine patients with polyps (19.5-150.2 pM) and eight with cancer (20.7-403.2 pM). None of the patients had identifiable causes (drugs, prior surgery) for elevated gastrin levels. Our results indicate that elevated plasma gastrin occurs in subgroups of patients with adenomatous polyps or adenocarcinoma of the colon. The cause and potential role of elevated gastrin for polyp and tumor growth in these patients is not known.
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PMID:Elevated gastrin levels in patients with colon cancer or adenomatous polyps. 291 35

ABPP (2-amino-5-bromo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinone) is a pyrimidinone with known interferon-inducing, natural killer (NK) cell activity enhancing, antiviral and antitumor properties in several animal species. Its effect on CC531, a dimethylhydrazine-induced, transplantable, weakly immunogenic adenocarcinoma of the colon in WAG rats, was studied. ABPP was found to have no direct cytotoxic effect on CC531 cells in vitro. When small cubes of tumor of equal weight were implanted under the renal capsule, administration of 250 mg/kg of ABPP i.p. on day 0 and +1 led repeatedly to significant (p less than 0.02 up to p less than 0.001) inhibition of tumor growth, when measured on day +7. Lower doses or a single dose of ABPP did not achieve this effect. Late administration (on day +6 and +7) of 250 mg/kg of ABPP in this model was found to have no effect on tumor growth when measured on day +13. When 5 X 10(5) tumor cells were injected in the portal vein, administration of 250 mg/kg of ABPP i.p. on day 0 and +1 reduced significantly (p = 0.002) the number of liver metastases, when counted on day +30. Survival in this group was significantly prolonged (p less than 0.01). However when ABPP was given on day +6 and +7, significantly more (p less than 0.02) metastases in the liver were counted on day +30. The results show a significant antitumor effect of ABPP against tumor CC531 in the subrenal capsule assay (SRCA) model as well as in the liver metastasis model when administered at the time of tumor inoculation. Late administration of ABPP did not inhibit tumor growth in the SRCA and significantly enhanced the development of liver metastases. The role of timing, tumor site, and the mechanisms by which this dual outcome of immunotherapy with ABPP is mediated are discussed. The results of these experiments may have important implications for the design of clinical studies with ABPP.
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PMID:Effects of the interferon-inducer ABPP on colon cancer in rats; importance of tumor load and tumor site. 294 51

MAC16 is a chemically induced, transplantable adenocarcinoma of the colon passaged in inbred NMRI mice. At small tumor burdens (less than 1% of the host weight), weight loss was observed without a reduction in food intake. As the tumor mass increased, weight loss also increased and reached 33% of host body weight in females and 20% in males when compared with the weight of age-matched controls. The reduction in host body weight was directly proportional to the tumor size and was reversible when the tumor was excised. There was a preferential loss of body fat in tumor-bearing animals with an increase in the plasma level of free fatty acids, although there was a minimal elevation of ketone bodies. Tumor growth was accompanied by progressive hypoglycemia and a reduction in the plasma insulin levels. The decrease in plasma insulin may have contributed to the catabolic effects of progressive tumor growth.
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PMID:Characterization of a transplantable adenocarcinoma of the mouse colon producing cachexia in recipient animals. 354 9

Flavone acetic acid, given on Days 2 and 9 at a dose of 267 mg/kg, inhibited tumor growth completely in 60%-80% of mice with early-stage Colon Adenocarcinoma 38. The therapeutic efficacy of the flavone against this tumor was retained when the sites of tumor implantation and drug administration were separated. Flavone acetic acid also caused regression of advanced (500-mg) Colon 38 tumors, with greatest efficacy observed following administration of high individual dose rather than high total dose. Unlike many previous potential anticancer agents, only modest activity was observed for this compound against either P388 or L1210 leukemia.
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PMID:Flavone acetic acid: a novel agent with preclinical antitumor activity against colon adenocarcinoma 38 in mice. 370 11

The human colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116 under optimal growth conditions synthesized and shed antigens bearing the monoclonal antibody-defined carbohydrate determinant CA 19-9. Antigen expressing CA 19-9 in cell culture supernatant was quantitated by an immunoradiometric assay for CA 19-9. Injection of SW1116 cells s.c. into athymic BALB/c mice resulted in the growth of moderately differentiated tumors possessing a distinct morphological resemblance to a typical adenocarcinoma of the colon. Intervals to tumor appearance were dependent on inoculum dose, but 95% of mice at both 5 X 10(6) and 10(7) cells/mouse developed tumors within 14 to 21 days. CA 19-9 antigen was detected in the sera of all nude mice with SW1116 tumors, and antigen concentration correlated (r = 0.77) with tumor volume throughout the 9-week study. The half-life of this antigen in serum following tumor excision from nude mice was 6.5 +/- 1.5 (S.D.) hr. Carcinoembryonic antigen was also detected in serum from mice bearing SW1116 tumors by an immunoradiometric assay for carcinoembryonic antigen, but its concentration correlated (r = 0.86) with tumor volume for only the first 4 weeks of tumor growth. Significant levels of endogenous immunoglobulin G1 and immunoglobulin G3 antibodies to CA 19-9 antigen were found in the serum of nude mice with SW1116 tumors by radioimmunodiffusion, but no apparent relationship between antibody titer and tumor growth or CA 19-9 antigen level in serum was evident. This tumor model may be useful in devising radioimmunodetection and immunotherapeutic strategies for primary and metastatic human colon carcinomas.
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PMID:Tumorigenicity in athymic mice of the human colon carcinoma cell line SW1116 expressing the tumor-associated antigenic determinant CA 19-9. 620 14

The mouse adenocarcinoma of the colon (MAC) system, which has been shown to be a good model for human colorectal carcinoma in terms of its chemosensitivity, was tested with two modified human protocols (MeCCNU + 5 FU, BCNU + 5 FU) in an attempt to evaluate its suitability as a model for developing new regimens of combination chemotherapy for treating patients with colorectal carcinoma. This attempted evaluation raised problems regarding, firstly, the length of time available before tumours became too large in control and non-responding hosts to maintain adequate mobility and, secondly the assessment of response to the drugs. The commencement of drug administration 3 days after transplantation and the assessment of response by measuring delay in time for tumor growth to reach a given volume, with the results analysed by Gehan's (generalised Wilcoxon) test, gave a workable method of evaluation. This method is presented as being suitable for use in the study of transplantable solid tumor lines as models for combination chemotherapy.
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PMID:The assessment of response of murine transplantable colon tumors to combination chemotherapy. 709 34

Two highly metastatic human tumor cell lines, SLU-M1 SLU-M2, were established by in vivo selection in Balb/c-nu/nu mice of SLU-1 xenotransplants derived from an adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. Metastatic spread was screened by transplantation of tissues from various organs of s.c.-tumor-bearing nu/nu mice. A monoclonal antibody, mab ME6H2, prepared against a membrane fraction of HT29 cells, also derived from an adenocarcinoma of the colon, showed high 125I-mab ME6H2 binding only to HT29 and SLU-1 cells, whereas hardly any binding was recorded for SLU-M1 and SLU-M2 cells. All cells of the HT29 and SLU-1 populations exhibited a positive immunofluoresence (IF) but only 1-5% of the SLU-M2 and 10-15% of the SLU-M1 subpopulation. A number of other tumor cell lines did not express the ME6H2 target antigen except for line MCF7, derived from an adenocarcinoma of the breast, which showed an IF positive reaction of 100% of the cells but only 25% of mab binding compared to HT29 and SLU-1 cells. The data indicate that expression of the ME6H2 target antigen is adenocarcinoma-specific and lack of expression is a marker for the metastatic potential of these cells. Mab ME6H2 was rapidly internalized upon binding to viable HT29 cells, resulting in an enhancement of cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. The mab ME6H2-defined target antigen was isolated from cell lysates by antibody affinity chromatography and was identified as a double band in SDS-PAGE with 31kD and 33kD molecular mass usually present in equal amounts.
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PMID:Lack of expression of a 31/33kD surface protein on human colon carcinoma cells is a marker for metastasizing potential. 787 5

We established an orthotopic animal model of colon cancer in mice and applied this model to study the antitumor effects of B7-H3, the newest member of the B7 family of costimulatory molecules. Colon-26 murine colon adenocarcinoma cells were inoculated into the cecal subserosum of mice to induce colon tumor growth. The tumor growth rate and the survival time of the mice were observed. A stable B7-H3 transfected Colon-26 cell line was established and the immunogenic effect was investigated. All mice implanted with wild-type tumor cells had tumor growth in the colon and died. The mean survival rate was 23 days. Mice implanted with C26-B7-H3 had a significantly prolonged survival time of 38 days. Our data suggest that B7-H3 exerts an antitumor effect on adenocarcinoma of the colon and may be considered as an adjuvant immunotherapy in the treatment of colon cancers. Our orthotopic animal model of colon cancer in mice could be applied to in vivo experimental studies of colon cancer.
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PMID:An orthotopic colon cancer model for studying the B7-H3 antitumor effect in vivo. 1671 37


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