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Query: UMLS:C0598934 (tumor growth)
 58,965 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hyperbaric oxygen is an important adjunct to the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer with existing or recurrent wound healing problems. Anecdotal clinical observations and a recent study of chemically induced oral cancer in hamsters have raised concern that hyperbaric oxygen therapy may accelerate tumor growth in such patients. This study evaluated the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the growth of human squamous cell carcinoma xenografts in a proved animal model. Fresh tumor specimens from three patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of varying degrees of differentiation were first subcutaneously transplanted into a nude mouse host. Growing xenografts were then transplanted into one of three mouse groups. Half of the mice in each group were given hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The transplant volume as an index of tumor growth was measured in controls and mice given hyperbaric oxygen therapy six times during the 3-week course. Xenograft growth was almost linear in all mice. No statistical difference in overall group mean growth rates was observed in mice given hyperbaric oxygen or control mice regardless of the degree of tumor differentiation. Xenograft tissue from all mice was microscopically examined for tumor mitotic indices and degree of differentiation. This study suggests that hyperbaric oxygen therapy has no effect on established tumor xenograft growth.
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PMID:The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on growth of human squamous cell carcinoma xenografts. 174 31

Regression analysis using actuarial life tables has been applied to the STNMP system for the grading and staging of oral cancer. Based on 170 patients, the five-year survival figures were 78% for Stage 1, 67% for Stage 2, 36% for Stage 3, and 20% for Stage 4. This represents a considerable improvement in prognostic differentiation over existing TNM system applied to the same cohort of patients. A further variable, velocity of tumor growth, was also assessed and shown to be of value in predicting the ultimate survival of the patients.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of STNMP and velocity of tumor growth in oral cancer. 705 84

Overexpression of human manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity has been demonstrated to suppress malignancy in human melanoma and breast carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. To study its effects on human oral squamous carcinoma cells, stable transfection and expression of MnSOD in SCC-25 cells have been conducted. The MnSOD-overexpressing cell clones were shown to have approximately two- to five-fold increased MnSOD activity compared to the wild-type parental- or vector control-transfected cell clones, respectively. Plating efficiency with different concentrations of serum was decreased in the high MnSOD activity cell clones. Soft agar assays demonstrated that the clonogenic fractions of high-expressing MnSOD clones were dramatically reduced. When inoculated in nude mice, tumor growth was markedly inhibited in MnSOD overexpressing cell clones compared with the wild-type or vector control transfected cell lines. Thus, gene therapy of human oral cancer by increasing the expression of MnSOD activity in target cells might be used to prevent or reduce human oral tumor malignancy.
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PMID:Transfection and expression of MnSOD cDNA decreases tumor malignancy of human oral squamous carcinoma SCC-25 cells. 909 10

Tumor angiogenesis is a fundamental step in tumor growth and proliferation. Fumagillin is an anti-angiogenic agent which is secreted by Aspergillus, but is also toxic. A fumagillin analogue, TNP-470, has been developed which is a potent angiogenic inhibitor with few side effects. TNP-470 has inhibited tumor growth in Lewis lung cancer and melanoma in animal models. This study was designed to test this proven anti-angiogenic agent's effects on head and neck cancer growth. Fort,v Harlan nude mice were injected subcutaneously with cancer cells from a human oral squamous cell carcinoma. After 3 weeks of tumor growth 25 mice were injected with TNP-470 subcutaneously at a distant site every other day for 30 days while 10 control mice received saline injections. Five mice began TNP-470 injections at the time of tumor injection to determine if TNP-470 can prevent tumor development. The tumor growth and development was unaffected by TNP-470 as compared to the control group. Therefore, the use of an angiogenic inhibitor had no effect on oral cancer growth. Analysis of the cell line utilized found abnormal mRNA expression, which included high p53 expression and low cyclin Dl expression. These results suggest that oral cancers are less dependent on angiogenesis than other tumor types. The genetic abnormalities may explain the angiogenesis independence that was demonstrated. Results found in other tumor types with angiogenic inhibitors cannot be extrapolated to oral cancer since genetic mutations may allow oral tumors to grow without neovascularization.
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PMID:Angiogenic inhibition for the treatment of head and neck cancer. 970 16

A semi-synthetic analogue of fumagillin, TNP-470, has been shown to be a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of TNP-470 on rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma of the tongue, by comparison of topical, intra-tumor (i.t.) injection with systemic, intra-venous (i.v.) administration. The i.t. injection of the angiogenesis inhibitor produced much stronger anti-tumor effects, and almost complete tumor regression was achieved at doses of 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg. TNP-470 injected intra-tumorally significantly reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and microvessel density in the VX2 carcinoma of the tongue. TNP-470 also halted the tumor-associated neovascularization in the rabbit cornea assay. These data suggest that i.t. injection of TNP-470 effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis and disrupts microvasculature development, which may suppress tumor growth. In conclusion, the i.t. injection of TNP-470 provided remarkable anti-tumor effects on the VX2 carcinoma of the tongue and is expected to have promising therapeutic uses for oral cancer.
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PMID:Intra-tumor injection of an angiogenesis inhibitor, TNP-470, in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma of the tongue. 1010 93

As part of our previous search for new compounds with improved biological activities including antibiotic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and tumor growth inhibition activities, we synthesized some caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)-like compounds from commercially available caffeic acid. Nine chemicals were tested by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on the growth of buccal mucosal fibroblast (BF), oral submucosus fibroblast (OSF), neck metastasis of Gingiva carcinoma (GNM), and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCCa) cells. CAPE and its ethyl analogue show significant cytotoxicity on OSF, GNM, and TSCCa cells, but not on BF cells. The results suggest that CAPE-like compounds may be potential chemotherapy agents against oral cancer.
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PMID:Preferential cytotoxicity of caffeic acid phenethyl ester analogues on oral cancer cells. 1077 29

Angiogenesis is an essential process for the growth and invasion of cancer. However, it is uncertain that anti-angiogenic effects can be a major treatment strategy of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether thalidomide and paclitaxel, which are known to be potent inhibitors of angiogenesis, have inhibitory effects on the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) xenotransplanted into nude mice and whether anti-angiogenesis can be included as a major treatment strategy of oral cancer. After human OSCC cell line, KB, was subcutaneously inoculated into 32 nude mice, the volume of tumor was measured every 3 days. When the tumor mass reached 300-500 mm3, thalidomide (200 mg/kg) and paclitaxel (13 mg/kg) were administered into the animals and tumor volume change was checked. The excised tumor masses on the 30th day after administration were frozen and processed for immunohistochemistry using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31, and for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We evaluated VEGF expression and the expression of its mRNA and CD31 for vessel density. Paclitaxel showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of transplanted human OSCC and reduced the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and CD31 and VEGF mRNA (P<0.01). Thalidomide also lowered remarkably VEGF expression (P<0.01) and CD31 (P<0.01) as well as VEGF mRNA (P<0.05), but it did not show statistically significant inhibitory effect on the tumor growth. These results suggest that the growth of human OSCC is not simply dependent on VEGF-induced angiogenesis and that anti-angiogenic therapy alone is not likely to be effective for the treatment of OSCC, but might be regarded as adjuvant chemotherapeutic strategy.
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PMID:Evaluation of the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effect of paclitaxel and thalidomide on the xenotransplanted oral squamous cell carcinoma. 1116 54

Tumor growth is an angiogenesis-dependent process and therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting angiogenesis are theoretically attractive. Angiostatin has been shown to potently inhibit endothelial proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We now show that a shift in the balance of tumor angiogenesis by gene transfer of a cDNA coding for mouse angiostatin into mouse squamous cell carcinoma NRS-1 and SCC-VII cells suppresses tumor growth in vivo. The inhibition of an angiostatin-transfected tumor was accompanied by a marked reduction in vascularity and the presence of many apoptotic tumor cells. However, transfected-angiostatin cDNA does not affect the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF-R2 in the vascular endothelium. The inhibition mechanisms of neovascularization may be mediated independent of VEGF:VEGF-R2 complex. Our data may provide a useful approach for human oral cancer therapy by gene therapy with angiostatin.
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PMID:Angiostatin gene therapy inhibits the growth of murine squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. 1133 70

Expression of the alpha(v)beta6 integrin is strikingly upregulated in several types of carcinoma, including human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Employing a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to alpha(v)beta6, we investigated its role in cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and in vivo growth of an invasive human SCC line, termed HSC-3. We found that alpha(v)beta6 is strictly required for HSC-3 cell growth in a three-dimensional collagen gel and also prominently contributes to cell migration in two different assay systems. In addition, the anti-alpha(v)beta6 antibody inhibited the invasive growth of HSC-3 cells transorally injected into nude mice. In the presence of the coinjected antibody, the average tumor size at 10 days was reduced by 59%. Histologically, antibody-treated tumors appeared less invasive than control tumors. Furthermore, intravenous application of a neutralizing antibody to the alpha(v) integrin subunit retarded HSC-3 tumor growth. These results point to a possible critical role of the alpha(v)beta6 integrin in controlling growth and invasion of human oral cancer cells.
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PMID:Role of the alpha(v)beta6 integrin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma growth in vivo and in vitro. 1167 87

Here, we report the establishment of a stably transfected cell line which expresses high levels of green fluorescent protein (GFP), thus permitting the detection and visualization of developing tumors and lymph node metastases after injection into nude mice. Cells of the human oral squamous carcinoma cell line (SAS-L1) were transfected with an expression vector containing a cDNA encoding humanized GFP and the neomycin resistance gene. A clone with stable high-level expression of GFP was selected in vitro using G418. To study metastasis formation, GFP-expressing cells were injected orthotopically into the tongue of nude mice. The resultant tumor growth in the tongue and micrometastases in the lymph nodes could be visualized by GFP fluorescence. Therefore a useful model has been developed for the study of oral cancer, firstly to understand the metastatic process and secondly for the evaluation of potential treatments.
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PMID:Lymph node metastasis of oral cancer visualized in live tissue by green fluorescent protein expression. 1216 18


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