Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0598934 (tumor growth)
 58,965 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Beagles were exposed to aerosols of 239PuO2, 238PuO2, or 239Pu(NO3)4. Exponential growth constants for 50 primary lung tumors (23 bronchioloalveolar carcinomas, 22 papillary adenocarcinomas, 5 adenosquamous carcinomas) were calculated in 37 dogs, using sequential thoracic radiography. A wide range in doubling time (6 to 287 days) was observed. Mean +/- SEM doubling time was 93 +/- 10 days for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, 107 +/- 13 days for papillary adenocarcinoma, and 101 +/- 36 days for adenosquamous carcinoma. Lung tumor growth rate in dogs was comparable to that in human patients with similar histologic tumor types. Linear regression analysis revealed significant (P < or = 0.0001) correlation between doubling time and survival of individual dogs. Doubling time was not significantly dependent on tumor type, sex, age at time of diagnosis, initial lung deposition, or isotope. Extrapolating time to tumor onset from tumor doubling time cannot be used to reliably predict the onset of malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Radiographically determined growth dynamics of primary lung tumors induced in dogs by inhalation of plutonium. 145 11

Twenty-one CT examinations of 18 patients with a known bronchioloalveolar carcinoma in the lung were retrospectively reviewed to describe the CT features of bronchioloalveolar carcinomas. Surgical specimens were available in 13 cases in which CT-histologic correlation was also obtained. In 5 patients the diagnosis was made with cytology and confirmed with radiologic-clinical follow-up. Three patients were reexamined for relapses 6-20 months after the resection of a localized carcinoma. Carcinomas exhibited 3 radiologic patterns: a) solitary pulmonary nodule (11 cases), b) mass or pulmonary consolidation (3 cases) and c) multicentric or diffuse disease (7 cases). Solitary nodular bronchioloalveolar carcinomas were associated with irregular or spiculated margins in 9 of 11 patients. In some cases internal inhomogeneity due to bubble-like radiolucencies was demonstrated. At pathology, bubble-like radiolucencies correlated with air-containing cystic spaces lined by neoplastic epithelium or patent and dilated bronchi. Some nodules exhibited linear and serpentine internal radiolucencies. Pathology demonstrated them to be consistent with patent intratumoral bronchioles (air bronchiologram) and air-containing neoplastic glandular spaces, respectively. In two cases a perinodular ground-glass halo was demonstrated surrounding the nodule (CT halo sign), due to perinodular lepidic tumor growth. Massive or ground-glass opacity involving a pulmonary segment or a lobe was another CT pattern of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. An air bronchogram was usually demonstrated within the lesion. In the mucinous type of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, pulmonary consolidations had a low CT value because of the large amount of intratumoral mucus. The diffuse type of tumor presented as multiple pulmonary nodules or multiple pulmonary consolidations, or both. In two cases multiple nodules were associated with carcinomatous lymphangitis. In conclusion, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules, multiple pulmonary nodules and chronic alveolar opacities. The diagnosis of a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is of great value since surgery can help nearly 70% of the patients at this stage recover.
 ...
PMID:[Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. The computed tomographic picture and histological correlations]. 819 Sep 25

Multiple antitumor modalities may be necessary to overcome lung tumor-mediated immunosuppression and effectively treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To evaluate a multimodality gene therapy approach for control of local tumor growth, a weakly immunogenic murine alveolar cell carcinoma, L1C2, was transduced with either the interleukin-7/hygromycin-herpes simplex thymidine kinase (IL-7/HyHSVtk) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) retroviral vector or a vector containing the HyHSVtk, but not the IL-7 gene. Of the many cytokines available for gene transfer, IL-7 was chosen for these studies because it both stimulates CTL responses and down-regulates tumor production of the immunosuppressive peptide TGF-beta. Following selection in hygromycin, IL-7 transduction was confirmed by ELISA. Clones produced 1.25 to 10 ng of IL-7/ml/10(6) cells per 24 h. In vitro, genetically modified tumor cells were significantly more sensitive to ganciclovir (GCV) than unmodified parental tumor cells. The in vivo growth of ex vivo modified L1C2 cells was evaluated. There was a dose-response relationship between the amount of IL-7 secreted in vitro and the growth of genetically modified murine tumor in vivo. Transduced tumor cells regressed in mice following GCV therapy. Although ex vivo gene modification of tumor cells led to complete resolution of the tumor following implantation in vivo, IL-7 and HSVtk gene modified tumor cells were not effective in treating established parental tumors. However when 5 x 10(5) bone marrow-derived, in vitro activated dendritic cells (DC) were administered in combination with transduced tumor and GCV, 5 day old established tumors were eradicated in 80% of mice. These studies suggest that multicomponent vaccines may facilitate improved host responses by replacing host immune deficits and thus could have a role in adjuvant therapy and local control of NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:Multicomponent gene therapy vaccines for lung cancer: effective eradication of established murine tumors in vivo with interleukin-7/herpes simplex thymidine kinase-transduced autologous tumor and ex vivo activated dendritic cells. 947 60

A significant proportion of small lung adenocarcinomas consists of two components: bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and invasive carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to compare their clinicopathologic features with those of BAC and those of invasive cancer without BAC, and to define "early invasive" lesions based on the extent of invasive foci. We reviewed 484 lesions of resected lung adenocarcinoma and classified them into three groups according to tumor growth pattern: group 1 (n = 102, BAC), group 2 (n = 216, adenocarcinoma consisting of BAC and invasive carcinoma), and group 3 (n = 166, invasive adenocarcinoma without BAC component). Group 2 was further subdivided according to the extent of the invasive area: group 2a (n = 54), BAC with invasive foci <or=5 mm; group 2b (n = 162), BAC with invasive foci >5 mm. These groups were compared with regard to their clinicopathologic features, expression of Ki-67 and p53, and expression of laminin-5, a putative marker for tumor invasion. The positivity rates of vascular, lymphatic, and pleural invasion in each group were as follows: 0%, 0%, and 0% in group 1; 5.5%, 14.8%, and 1.9% in group 2a; 45.7%, 41.4%, and 25.9% in group 2b; and 84.9%, 61.4%, and 60.8% in group 3. Notably, no lymph node metastasis occurred in either group 2a or group 1, but it was observed in 24.1% of group 2b and 47.0% of group 3. The mean Ki-67 labeling index, the frequency of p53 overexpression, and the frequency of laminin-5 overexpression increased from group 1 (11%, 4%, and 0%) to group 2a (16%, 20%, and 7%) to group 2b (24%, 41%, and 23%) to group 3 (35%, 38%, and 38%). In contrast, no clear differences were observed when lesions were subdivided according to size. Based on the distribution pattern of Ki-67-positive tumor cells, lesions were classified into two groups: marginal type (63%) and nonmarginal type (37%). The latter showed a significantly higher labeling index than the former. Moreover, the proportion of the marginal type clearly decreased from group 1 (85%) and group 2a (87%) to group 2b (55%) to group 3 (19%). Group 2 lesions showed characteristics intermediate between the BAC and invasive adenocarcinoma. According to the extent of the invasive area, we were able to define a subgroup of mixed-type adenocarcinomas (group 2a) that could be regarded as early invasive cancer because they showed low rates of vascular, lymphatic, and pleural invasion, and no nodal involvement.
 ...
PMID:Lung adenocarcinoma with mixed bronchioloalveolar and invasive components: clinicopathological features, subclassification by extent of invasive foci, and immunohistochemical characterization. 1282 86

Angiogenesis is required for lung cancer growth, which is mediated by various growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Increases in VEGF and angiogenesis have been correlated with poor prognosis and survival in patients with lung cancer. In addition, recent reports show that estradiol and nicotine play important roles in lung tumor initiation and progression. In this report, we demonstrate that estradiol and nicotine exposure enhances the growth of A549 bronchioloalveolar carcinoma xenografts in mice through the stimulation of cell proliferation, VEGF secretion and angiogenesis. We detect a four-fold increase in microvascular density in tumors from mice exposed to estradiol and nicotine compared to control tumors resulting in an increase in tumor growth. Intriguingly, the effects on angiogenesis and tumor growth by the combination of agents were additive when compared to either agent alone. Furthermore, estradiol promotes VEGF secretion from various non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells and this effect is augmented by nicotine in a tumor xenograft model. These results indicate that aside from their roles in promoting cell proliferation, estradiol and nicotine appear to have additive effects on the induction of angiogenesis through the stimulation of VEGF secretion during NSCLC progression.
 ...
PMID:Estradiol and nicotine exposure enhances A549 bronchioloalveolar carcinoma xenograft growth in mice through the stimulation of angiogenesis. 1639 87

Recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) belongs to a subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) with unique expression patterns and biological activities. RON is activated by a serum-derived growth factor macrophage stimulating protein (MSP). The RON gene transcription is essential for embryonic development and critical in regulating certain physiological processes. Recent studies have indicated that altered RON expression contributes significantly to cancer progression and malignancy. In primary tumors, such as colon and breast cancers, overexpression of RON exists in large numbers and is often accompanied by the generation of different splicing variants. These RON variants direct a unique program that controls cell transformation, growth, migration, and invasion, indicating that altered RON expression has the ability to regulate motile/invasive phenotypes. These activities were also seen in transgenic mice, in which targeted expression of RON in lung epithelial cells resulted in numerous tumors with pathological features of human bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Thus, abnormal RON activation is a pathogenic factor that transduces oncogenic signals leading to uncontrolled cell growth and subsequent malignant transformation. Considering these facts, RON and its variants can be considered as potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Experiments using small interfering RNA and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that suppressing RON expression and activation decreases cancer cell proliferation, increases apoptotic death, prevents tumor formation in nude mice, and reduces malignant phenotypes. Thus, blocking RON expression and activation has clinical significance in reversing malignant phenotypes and controlling tumor growth.
 ...
PMID:Oncogenesis of RON receptor tyrosine kinase: a molecular target for malignant epithelial cancers. 1672 80

The halo sign is a circular area of ground-glass attenuation that is seen around pulmonary nodules at computed tomography (CT). Although the sign is most often an indication of pulmonary hemorrhage, it may also accompany other lesions associated with different disease processes. Examples are hemorrhagic nodules of infectious origin (mucormycosis, candidiasis, tuberculosis, viral pneumonia, and invasive aspergillosis--the last being the most common cause of the CT halo sign); hemorrhagic nodules of noninfectious origin (Wegener granulomatosis, Kaposi sarcoma, and hemorrhagic metastases); tumor cell infiltration (bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, lymphoma, and metastasis with intra-alveolar tumor growth); and nonhemorrhagic lesions (sarcoidosis and organizing pneumonia). Diagnosis must therefore be based on careful consideration of all the CT chest findings within the context of the patient's clinical state. The aim of this review was to describe and illustrate different disease processes that appear as a halo sign on CT scans, to analyze the value of this diagnostic tool, and to assess its correlation with pathology findings.
 ...
PMID:[The halo sign in computed tomography images: differential diagnosis and correlation with pathology findings]. 1872 92

In the World Health Organization classification, lung adenocarcinoma with mixed subtypes is defined as invasive carcinoma with evidence of vascular, pleural, or stromal invasion. The histological criteria for stromal invasion, however, are not clearly established. A total of 157 peripheral pure bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) or lung adenocarcinoma with mixed BAC and others were reviewed. All cases had been resected between 1986 and 2000 and measured < or =30 mm in maximum dimension. Destruction of alveolar framework (DAF) was defined as distortion or discontinuity of the alveolar framework by tumor growth. The extra-alveolar area involvement (EAAI) was defined as tumor growth outside the alveolar framework, which includes the following areas: bronchial wall, perivascular connective tissue and/or the vascular wall, interlobular septum and the visceral pleura. Survival of patients with adenocarcinoma without DAF (n = 41) was 100%. Even when adenocarcinoma involved DAF and lacked EAAI (n = 21), survival was 100%. The 5 year survival rate of groups with two invasion signs (n = 34) was 90.1%, and that of groups with three to five invasion signs (n = 61) was 66.7%. Tumor growth outside the alveolar framework is the hallmark of stromal invasion.
 ...
PMID:Clinicopathology of stromal invasion in lung adenocarcinoma. 1912 Oct 86

The histologic distinction between bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and other adenocarcinomas is tissue invasion. The clinical importance of lung adenocarcinoma invasion is supported by several recent studies indicating that the risk of death in nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is significantly lower than that of pure invasive tumors and in tumors with greater than 0.5 cm of fibrosis or linear invasion. Using microarray gene expression profiling of human tumors, dysregulation of transforming growth factor-beta signaling was identified as an important mediator of tumor invasion. Subsequent studies showed that the CC chemokine regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed, and presumably secreted was up-regulated in invasive tumors and was required for invasion in cells with repressed levels of the transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor. Taken together, these studies illustrate how information gained from global expression profiling of tumors can be used to identify key pathways and genes mediating tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.
 ...
PMID:Tgf-beta signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma invasion. 2010 Nov 43

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human umbilical cord matrix (hUCMSCs) have great potential for therapeutic use for multiple diseases. The strategy that uses therapeutic gene-transfected hUCMSCs as cellular vehicles for targeted biologic agent delivery has solved the problem of short half-life or excessive toxicity of biological agent(s) in vivo. Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) has demonstrated a potent antitumor effect on many types of cancer cell lines in vivo. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-cancer effect of IFN-beta gene-transfected hUCMSCs (IFN-beta-hUCMSCs) on cells derived from bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, a subset of lung adenocarcinoma that is difficult to treat. The co-culture of a small number of IFN-beta-hUCMSCs with the human bronchioloalveolar carcinoma cell lines H358 or SW1573 significantly inhibited growth of both types of carcinoma cell lines. The culture medium conditioned by these cells also significantly attenuated the growth of both carcinoma cells, but this attenuation was abolished by adding anti-IFN-beta antibody. Finally, systemic administration of IFN-beta-hUCMSCs through the tail vein markedly attenuated growth of orthotopic H358 bronchioloalveolar carcinoma xenografts in SCID mice by increasing apoptosis. These results clearly indicate that IFN-beta-hUCMSCs caused cell death of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma cells through IFN-beta production, thereby attenuating tumor growth in vivo. These results indicate that IFN-beta-hUCMSCs are a powerful anti-cancer cytotherapeutic tool for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Human umbilical cord matrix-derived stem cells expressing interferon-beta gene significantly attenuate bronchioloalveolar carcinoma xenografts in SCID mice. 2013 87


1 2 Next >>