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Query: UMLS:C0598853 (forgetting)
 3,232 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anterograde amnesia caused by bilateral hippocampal or diencephalon damage manifests in characteristic symptoms of preserved intellect and implicit learning, and short span of awareness with complete and rapid forgetting of episodic material. A new case, WO, 38-year-old male with anterograde amnesia, in the absence of structural brain changes or psychological explanation is presented, along with four comparison cases from the extant literature that share commonalities between them including preserved intellect, span of awareness greater than working memory, and complete forgetting within hours or days following successful learning, including notably for both explicit and implicit material. WO's amnesia onset coincided with anesthetic injection and root canal procedure, with extended vasovagal-like incident. The commonalities between the five cases presented may suggest a shared biological mechanism involving the breakdown of intermediate-to-late-stage consolidation that does not depend on the structural integrity of the hippocampi. Speculation on the mechanism of consolidation breakdown and diagnostic implications are discussed.
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PMID:Profound anterograde amnesia following routine anesthetic and dental procedure: a new classification of amnesia characterized by intermediate-to-late-stage consolidation failure? 2597 25

Objective: Studies have shown that patients with anterograde amnesia forget less episodic information after a delay if encoding is immediately followed by an unfilled period of wakeful rest. This benefit has been attributed to the reduced interference with the consolidation process. However, this account cannot directly explain improved retention in healthy adults resulting from pre-encoding rest. While benefits resulting from pre- and post-encoding rest can be alternatively explained via improved distinctiveness at retrieval, it has yet to be established whether both benefits are observable in amnesics. The aim of the current study was to assess whether amnesic patients showed improved retention of prose material after 10 min following both pre- and post-encoding unfilled intervals of wakeful rest. Method: Twelve patients with anterograde amnesia were recruited. Participants completed four conditions. A short prose passage was aurally presented in each condition. Prose presentation was preceded and followed by a 9-min delay interval. Delay intervals were either filled (spot-the-difference task) or unfilled (wakeful rest). Prose retention was assessed immediately after presentation and after 10 min. Results: Prose retention was consistently better when wakeful rest followed prose encoding in comparison to a condition where an effortful task was encountered both before and after encoding. Conclusions: Post-encoding wakeful rest alone substantially improves retention in amnesic patients. While pre-encoding wakeful rest elicits inconsistent benefits in amnesics, reduced retention following both pre- and post-encoding task engagement suggests that pre-encoding activity may still be relevant. Overall, our findings support consolidation interference explanations of forgetting in anterograde amnesia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Wakeful rest benefits before and after encoding in anterograde amnesia. 3223 72


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