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Query: UMLS:C0598853 (forgetting)
 3,232 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the relationship between memory impairment and functional disability in multiple sclerosis. Tests of memory, sensorimotor ability, and functional capacity were administered to fifty-six subjects with chronic-progressive or remitting-relapsing MS. Sensorimotor impairment, functional disability, and chronicity predicted impairment on various measures of memory acquisition, while age and type of diagnosis did not. After accounting for the effects of initial acquisition, delayed-recall performance was weakly-associated with disability. We suggest that: (1) Functional disability is associated with memory loss in MS; (2) MS-forgetting is caused by defective acquisition, rather by a deficit in consolidation or storage; (3) Level of disease activity, rather than type of MS diagnosis, determines the degree of memory impairment; and (4) MS disability needs to be evaluated multidimensionally, to account for both neurologic and functional impairment.
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PMID:The relationship between disability and memory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. 134 11

Thirty-seven patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were compared to 26 normal controls of equivalent age, education, and verbal intelligence on measures of verbal learning and memory (Digit Span and Supraspan, Brown-Peterson Distractor Task, Selective Reminding Test, Story Recall, and Free Verbal Recall) and verbal fluency (Letter and Animal Fluency). The MS patients exhibited deficits on measures of secondary (long-term) memory and verbal fluency, but performed normally on measures of primary (short-term) memory, recognition memory, and rate of forgetting from secondary memory. These results suggest that the memory disturbance in MS results primarily from an imparied ability to access information from secondary memory, while encoding and storage capacity is intact. Degree of memory impairment was unrelated to length of illness, severity of disability, or self-reported depression.
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PMID:On the nature of memory disturbance in multiple sclerosis. 280 59

Forty mildly disabled and clinically stable patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), representative of the corresponding population in Northern Holland, with disability Status Scale scores evenly distributed within the 1 to 4 range, were compared with 40 age-, sex-, and education-matched normal controls on a battery of neuropsychological tests. Apart from impairments in perceptual-motor functioning, generally mild deficiencies in intelligence and, specifically, in memory were displayed in the MS group. Attentional processes appeared uncompromised. Increasing fatigue during testing could not account for poor performance. The memory deficits could be attributed to poor initial learning, although there was also evidence suggesting that accelerated forgetting of what had been learned may appear with the progression of MS. Seven patients (17.5%), as compared with none of the controls, were classified by blind clinical judgement of test performance as definitely impaired.
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PMID:Cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis and mild physical disability. 295 26

Memory deficits are frequently seen in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The focus of this study was to examine semantic encoding and the rate of forgetting in MS patients. The prose passages of the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory subtest were used to examine MS patients' semantic sensitivity to the idea units of a story. The stories were divided into high, medium, and low idea units, reflecting their overall importance to the meaning of the story. MS patients recalled fewer idea units than controls, but both groups favored the main ideas relative to the nonessential details at both the immediate and delayed recall of the passages. Likewise, MS patients forgot information at a much faster rate than controls. Implications of this faster forgetting rate in MS patients are discussed from an applied setting.
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PMID:The effect of importance level, delay, and rate of forgetting on prose recall in multiple sclerosis. 1049 90

Rates of medication nonadherence in youth with multiple sclerosis (MS) range from 10% to 60%. Qualitative studies of adherence can provide insight into children's own perspectives about barriers and facilitators to their adherence and inform future interventions. This qualitative longitudinal descriptive study included children with MS ( n = 28) participating in a randomized controlled trial focused on medication adherence ( clinicaltrials.gov : NCT02234713). Following established methods, three independent reviewers coded transcripts of motivational interviewing (MI) sessions (three interviews per subject, performed monthly over a 3-month period) for relevant themes. They were subsequently categorized using inductive content analysis. Youth described medication adherence as being dependent on the ability to build and maintain healthy habits related to medication use, including embodiment of these habits. Barriers and facilitators included remembering/forgetting, experiences with fatigue, and experiences with medication. These themes were maintained through the second and third interviews. Future research focus on barriers and facilitators to habit maintenance in this population.
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PMID:Adherence in Youth With Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Assessment of Habit Formation, Barriers, and Facilitators. 2991 11

There are several mechanisms that cause memory impairment, including motivated forgetting, active forgetting, natural decay, and memory interference. Interference occurs when one is attempting to recall something specific, but there is conflicting information making it more difficult to recall the target stimuli. In laboratory settings, it is common to measure memory interference with paired associate tasks-usually utilizing the AB-CD, AB-AC, AB-ABr, or AB-DE AC-FG method. Memory impairments are frequent among those with neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and multiple sclerosis. The memory effects of each condition differ, but are all related to alterations in brain physiology and general memory deterioration. Exercise, or physical activity, has been demonstrated to attenuate memory interference in some cases, but the mechanisms are still being determined. Further research is needed on memory interference, in regard to exercise and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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PMID:Effects of Exercise on Memory Interference in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. 3234 75