Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0596263 (carcinogenesis)
 64,820 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forkhead-box (FOX) genes are implicated in embryogenesis through transcriptional regulation depending on SHH-GLI pathway, TGF-beta pathway etc., and also in carcinogenesis through gene amplification, retroviral integration and chromosomal translocation. FOXN1, FOXN2 (HTLF), FOXN3 (CHES1) and FOXN4 constitute the FOXN family. Here, we identified and characterized the FOXN5 gene, a novel member of FOXN gene family, by using bioinformatics. IMAGE5167039 (BC028191.1) was the representative cDNA derived from human FOXN5 gene. Rat Foxn5 gene, consisting of six exons, was identified within rat genome sequence CH230-26K11 (AC107575.5). Complete coding sequence of rat Foxn5 cDNA was determined by assembling nucleotide sequences of rat Foxn5 exons. Human FOXN5 (292 aa) and rat Foxn5 (296 aa) showed 77.4% total-amino-acid identity. Codon 173-254 of FOXN5 was the Forkhead domain. FOXN5 gene, consisting of six exons, was linked to BCL9L gene at human chromosome 11q23.3. FOXN5 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG), just like ARHGAP20 (KIAA1391), BTG4, SNF1LK2 (SIK2), DIXDC1 (KIAA1735) genes at 11q23.1, TTC12 (TPARM) gene at 11q23.2, IGSF4, DSCAML1, LL5A (PHLDB1), BCL9L, RNF26, and MFRP genes at 11q23.3. This is the first report on the human FOXN5 and rat Foxn5 genes.
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PMID:Identification and characterization of human FOXN5 and rat Foxn5 genes in silico. 1506 58

ARHGAP family genes encode Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPase activating proteins with RhoGAP domain. Here, we characterized human ARHGAP10 gene by using bioinformatics. Complete coding sequence of ARHGAP10 isoform A was determined by assembling nucleotide position 1-725 of FLJ41791 cDNA (AK123785.1) and 5'-truncated IMAGE4310652 cDNA (BC011920.2). Nucleotide position 240-2600 of ARHGAP10 isoform A was identical to GRAF2 cDNA (AB050785.1). Complete coding sequence of ARHGAP10 isoform B was derived from FLJ41791 cDNA. ARHGAP10 isoform A, consisting of exons 1-23, encoded full-length protein (786 aa). ARHGAP10 isoform B, consisting of exons 1-5 and intron 5, encoded C-terminally truncated protein (163 aa). ARHGAP10 gene was found encoding two isoforms due to alternative splicing. ARHGAP10 mRNA was expressed in chondrosarcoma, breast cancer, kidney tumors, and brain tumors. ARHGAP10 and ARHGAP26 (GRAF), showing 57.9% total amino-acid identity, shared the common-domain structure with BAR, PH, RhoGAP and SH3 domains. ARHGAP10-NR3C2 locus at human chromosome 4q31.23 and ARHGAP26-NR3C1 locus at human chromosome 5q31 were paralogous regions (paralogons) within the human genome. ARHGAP gene family was found consisting of at least 32 members, including ARHGAP1, ARHGAP2 (CHN1), ARHGAP3, (CHN2), ARHGAP4, ARHGAP5, ARHGAP6 (STARD8), ARHGAP7 (STARD12 or DLC1), ARHGAP8, ARHGAP9, ARHGAP10, ARHGAP12, ARHGAP13 (SRGAP1), ARHGAP14 (SRGAP2), ARHGAP15, ARHGAP17 (RICH1), ARHGAP18, ARHGAP19, ARHGAP20, ARHGAP21, ARHGAP22, ARHGAP23, ARHGAP24, ARHGAP25, ARHGAP26, STRAD13 (DLC2), HA-1, GMIP, PARG1, PIK3R1, PIK3R2, RACGAP1, and FNBP2. Genetic alterations of ARHGAP family genes lead to carcinogenesis through the dysregulation of Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases.
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PMID:Characterization of human ARHGAP10 gene in silico. 1537 73

ARHGAP1, ARHGAP2, ARHGAP3, ARHGAP4, ARHGAP5, ARHGAP6, ARHGAP7 (DLC1), ARHGAP8, ARHGAP9, ARHGAP10, ARHGAP12, ARHGAP13 (SRGAP1), ARHGAP14 (SRGAP2), ARHGAP15, ARHGAP17 (RICH1), ARHGAP18, ARHGAP19, ARHGAP20, ARHGAP21, ARHGAP22, ARHGAP23, ARHGAP24, ARHGAP25, ARHGAP26, STARD13 (DLC2), HA-1, GMIP, PARG1, RACGAP1, PIK3R1, PIK3R2, and FNBP2 genes encode Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPase activating (RhoGAP) proteins. Here, we characterized human ARHGAP27 gene by using bioinformatics. Complete coding sequence of ARHGAP27 isoform 1, encoding a full-length 889-aa protein, was determined by assembling exon 1 (nucleotide position 143440-144096 of AC091132.16) and most part of FLJ43547 cDNA (nucleotide position 69-3628 of AK125535.1). Complete coding sequence of ARHGAP27 isoform 2, encoding an N-terminally truncated 548-aa protein, was derived from FLJ43547 cDNA. ARHGAP27 isoform 1 consists of exons 1-17, while ARHGAP27 isoform 2 consists of exons 1B, and 2-17. ARHGAP27 gene encoded two isoforms due to alternative splicing of alternative promoter type. ARHGAP27 mRNA was expressed in germinal center B cell, spleen, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, pancreatic cancer, and lung cancer. LOC303583 (NM_ 198759.1) was the representative rat Arhgap27 cDNA. Human ARHGAP27 showed 84.3% total-amino-acid identity with rat Arhgap27, and 39.0% total-amino-acid identity with human ARHGAP12. ARHGAP27 and ARHGAP12 shared the common-domain structure, consisting of SH3, WW, PH, and RhoGAP domains. ARHGAP27 gene was located at human chromosome 17q21, while ARHGAP12 gene was located at human chromosome 10p11. ARHGAP family genes are cancer-associated genes, because their genetic alterations lead to carcinogenesis through the dysregulation of Rho/Rac/ Cdc42-like GTPases. This is the first report on identification and characterization of the ARHGAP27 gene.
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PMID:Identification and characterization of ARHGAP27 gene in silico. 1549 70