Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0595921 (intraocular pressure)
 11,750 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with narrow-angle glaucoma developed a post peripheral iridectomy malignant glaucoma in both eyes. The intraocular pressure (IOP) in both eyes was controlled with mydriatics, cycloplegics, and Diamox for 2 years. Subsequently the patient developed a dense cataract and uncontrollable IOP in her left eye. An extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior chamber lens implant, and trabeculectomy were combined with an anterior vitrectomy. The IOP in both eyes has been controlled for 3 years postoperatively.
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PMID:Trabeculectomy, ECCE with PC-IOL implant, and vitrectomy after malignant glaucoma. 336 1

The present paper reports the first results with the Meditec OPL-3 neodymium:YAG laser (Rodenstock, Munich). The YAG laser is a pulsed laser, the biological effects of which are based on the formation of plasma at its focal point. Plasma formation induces a rapid explosion-like expansion of the tissue. This effect can be used to sever opaque structures of the refractive media of the eye, such as secondary cataracts, membranes or strands. The paper summarizes the results of the first 80 consecutive cases treated with the laser. The surgical procedure is described in detail. Visual acuity improved instantaneously in all cases in which no concomitant eye pathology (e.g., corneal or macular changes) existed. Complications consisted in the development of postoperative inflammatory reactions and increases in intraocular pressure, and responded well to corticosteroids and beta-blockers or Diamox. The development of the neodymium:YAG laser has considerably advanced our therapeutic possibilities.
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PMID:[Initial experiences in the treatment of changes in the anterior eye segment with the neodymium:YAG laser]. 403 72

Comparisons were made between the ocular hypotensive effects and blood levels achieved with the single-dose administration of either generic acetazolamide or brand-name acetazolamide (Diamox). The relative cost of the two products was surveyed. The effect of food on the absorption of acetazolamide was also evaluated. The generic and brand-name acetazolamide were equivalent in their effects on intraocular pressure. Comparable blood levels of acetazolamide were obtained with the two products. The cost of generic acetazolamide was 37% less than brand-name acetazolamide, when available. Food intake did not appear to influence the absorption of acetazolamide.
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PMID:Effectiveness of generic acetazolamide. 715 57

Within the past five years we have performed excision of one quadrant of the ciliary body (pars plicata) (e.c.b.) in 22 eyes with secondary narrow-angle glaucoma. Prior to e.c.b. numerous surgical procedures for glaucoma had been attempted. Sixteen of the eyes were aphakic, six phakic. In nine eyes secondary angle closure was due to rubeosis iridis. The observation period following e.c.b. averaged 27.4 months. The preoperative tensions ranged between 40 and 50 mmHg. In 12 out of 22 eyes e.c.b. alone was sufficient to lower the intraocular pressure permanently; in seven cases local therapy (Timolol, Eppystabil) and/or oral Diamox respectively had to be added. Two eyes became atrophic and blind between one and 1.5 years following e.c.b.
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PMID:[Excision of the ciliary body (Sautter procedure) as a last resort in secondary glaucoma (author's transl)]. 734 37

The reduction in intraocular pressure following administration of 500 mg acetazolamide (Diamox) per os is less pronounced (17%) than was observed after intravenous injection (38%). The occurrence of metabolic acidosis resulting from the administration of Diamox is not time-related to the drop in pressure and is clearly les severe following oral application. This lowers the risk of metabolic decompensation.
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PMID:[New findings on the effect of azetazolamide (Diamox) on intraocular pressure and acid-base metabolism of the blood following oral administration]. 741 72

Acetazolamide and pilocarpine have a central role in the initial management of primary acute angle closure glaucoma (PACG), but there is no consensus concerning their mode of delivery, as borne out by a recent survey of senior UK ophthalmologists reported below. Ocusert Pilo 40 was developed to remain in situ releasing pilocarpine for up to one week. In view of its potential advantages, a trial of Ocusert Pilo 40's efficacy in PACG was conducted. In two separate controlled studies, eyes diagnosed with PACG were randomised to receive Ocusert Pilo 40, and either an intensive pilocarpine regimen or a low-dose pilocarpine treatment. All patients also received Diamox 500 mg i.v. Two hours after starting topical treatment, the study was terminated and ocular and systemic response to treatment and the eventual outcome were assessed. In both studies, intravenous Diamox caused a fall of intraocular pressure (IOP) within 30 min. Over the treatment period, a comparable reduction in IOP was seen in the Ocusert-treated, the intensive-pilocarpine-treated, and the low-dose-pilocarpine-treated groups. No damage to the corneas were observed.
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PMID:A comparative study of Ocusert Pilo 40, intensive pilocarpine and low-dose pilocarpine in the initial treatment of primary acute angle-closure glaucoma. 916 52

Acetazolamide (Diamox) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor commonly used in patients with glaucoma in order to reduce intraocular pressure. Acetazolamide (AZ) is mostly excreted in the urine, therefore, the blood levels of AZ often tend to increase in patients with chronic renal failure. We experienced a case of chronic renal failure in a patient suffering from acute hemorrhagic gastritis associated with AZ intoxication. A 66-year-old female with chronic renal failure was referred to our hospital because of drowsiness and an acute deterioration of renal function. She had been treated with AZ, 500 mg per every day for eleven days for the treatment of glaucoma. Laboratory studies showed leukocyturia, thrombocytopenia, severe anemia, and tarry stools. The serum concentration of AZ was elevated to a maximum of 76.5 mg/ml. She was thus diagnosed as having AZ intoxication. On further examination, acute extensive hemorrhagic gastritis was also found by gastroscopy. Despite of the administration of intensive therapies, she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and septic shock due to bone marrow depression 6 days after admission. It is generally known that excessive blood levels of AZ inhibit not only the gastric juices but also prostaglandin levels and HCO3- excretion in the gastric mucosal barrier. We thus concluded that an excessive dose of AZ had probably destroyed the gastric mucosal barrier or thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow disorder and thus eventually led to the development of hemorrhagic gastritis. As far as we know, this is the first case report of acute hemorrhagic gastritis associated with AZ intoxication. Even though AZ tends to strongly bind to plasma protein and its clearance is generally poor by hemodialysis (HD), in our patient, HD was observed to be rather effective since the clearance of AZ was 45.8 ml/min on HD and 66 ml/min on direct hemoperfusion (DHP). DHP often reduces the number of platelets, also DHP needs a lot of heparin, therefore, we should have performed HD alone instead of DHP. In patients with an impaired renal function, AZ should therefore be administered very carefully in order to avoid an accumulation of the drug. In addition, HD alone should be used to remove any excessive amounts of AZ from the blood.
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PMID:Acute hemorrhagic gastritis associated with acetazolamide intoxication in a patient with chronic renal failure. 935 64


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