Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0595921 (intraocular pressure)
 11,750 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The chief barrier to formulating an effective program of preventing glaucoma blindness is the difficulty of identifying those individuals in the population who have glaucoma but do not know it and those who are likely to develop the disease. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common tupe of glaucomatous disease, is an inherited disease. Fifty percent of all patients who have POAG also have a family history of glaucoma. Further, it is estimated that six to seven percent of the first degree relatives of POAG patients will develop POAG. This information suggests that for ophthalmologists who are likely to have limited time available for glaucoma screening, the most practical glaucoma screening program is that which is directed at those individuals who are first degree relatives of patients known to have glaucoma. For these people, the minimal screening tests should include tonometry, perimetry, and a meticulous examination of the optic discs. If tonometric testing reveals an intraocular pressure of 21-23 mmHg, tonometry should be repeated at different hours of the day. If results of these tests are negative, the patient then should be tested for increased sensitivity to corticosteroids and epinephrine. If all tests are negative, the patient still should be tested periodically. A relationship between HLA antigens and primary open-angle glaucoma has not been confirmed.
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PMID:[Preferential screening to prevent glaucoma blindness (author's transl)]. 60 49

Twenty high responders to topical corticosteroids (intraocular pressure greater than 31 mm Hg after six weeks of topical 0.1% dexamethasone, four times daily) and 20 low responders (IOP less than 20 mm Hg) of similar age, sex, race, initial IOP, and facility of outflow were selected. After 24 hours of treatment (two doses) of topical 1% epinephrine hydrochloride, the high corticosteroid responders showed a mean (+/-SD) corrected decrease in IOP of 3.6 +/- 2.0 mm Hg as opposed to 1.8 +/- 2.1 mm Hg in the low corticosteroid responders. Within both corticosteroid groups, individuals with the antigen HLA-B12 showed significantly greater decreases in IOP. This suggested that the presence of HLA-B12 was not only associated with increased responses to corticosteroids but also to epinephrine.
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PMID:Intraocular pressure response to topical epinephrine and HLA-B12. 65 37

Primary open-angle galucoma (POAG) patients are more responsive to glucocorticoids, and have increased prevalences of the histocompatibility antigens HLA-B7 and HLA-B12. We report herein a comparison of in vitro cellular responsiveness to glucocorticoids and HLA classification for 25 POAG patients, and 25 individuals who respond to topical dexamethasone with intraocular pressure is greater than 31 mm. HG. (GG responders). Within both the POAG and GG groups, significantly greater responsiveness to prednisolone occurs in patients with HLA-B12 antigen. No such association occurs for patients with HLA-B7.
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PMID:Glucocorticoid responsiveness associated with HLA-B12. 83 66

HLA-B12 antigen was found in 50% and HLA-B7 was present in 49% of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Either one of the antigens B12 or B7 was noted in 88% of such glaucoma patients. The prevalences of B12, B7, or of either antigen were much greater in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma than in the general population or in patients with normal intraocular pressure. The prevalences in patients with ocular hypertension (IOP greater than 20 mm Hg) were intermediate between the ocular normotensives and the patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The close association between HLA-B12 and HLA-B7 and primary open-angle glaucoma suggested immunologic components of the disease and possible convenient genetic markers.
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PMID:The prevalence of HLA-B12 and HLA-B7 antigens in primary open-angle glaucoma. 83 6

The presence of either HLA-B7 or HLA-B12 antigens was associated with a higher prevalence of cup/disk ratios greater than 0.3 in the GG responders (intraocular pressure greater than 31 mm Hg after six weeks of topical dexamethasone 0.1%, four times daily) and in the combined NN-NG (intraocular pressure less than or equal to 31 mm Hg) groups. The presence of either antigen was associated with a higher prevalence of a family history of glaucoma in the GG group. N association was noted between the antigens and age, sex, race, or mean intraocular pressure in either of the groups studied.
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PMID:The association of HLA-B7 and HLA-B12 antigens with cup/disk ratio, family history of glaucoma, and intraocular pressure. 84 39

To assess the association between open-angle glaucoma and HL-A antigens, the frequencies of 25 HL-A antigens were determined in 49 patients with OAG, and 22 patients with increased intraocular pressure, due to causes other than OAG, using the microcytotoxicity method. The results were compared to 250 individuals from the general population who were tested in the same laboratory at the same period of time. Using rigid statistical analysis, the incidence of the Bw35 antigen was found to be significantly (less than 0.012) higher among OAG patients. In a group of 27 first relatives of OAG patients who were tested at the same time, the frequency of Bw35 antigen was increased compared to the general population. The biological importance of the association between Bw35 and OAG, which may still be a chance deviation, is not yet fully understood. It may indicate that the Bw35 antigen or the HLA loci are among the genetic factors which produce susceptibility to open-angle glaucoma.
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PMID:Histocompatibility (HL-A) antigens and primary open-angle glaucoma. 94 Nov 27

The presence of the histocompatibility antigens HLA-B12 or HLA-B7 in 76 patients with increased intraocular pressure and a GG response to topical corticosteroids (intraocular pressure over 31 mm Hg after six weeks of topical 0.1% dexamethasone eyedrops, four times daily) correlated with the development of glaucomatous visual field loss. In close agreement with prevalences in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, 14 (88%) of the 16 patients with increased intraocular pressure and a GG response who developed glaucomatous visual field loss had either HLA-B12 or B7 antigens. Fourteen (41%) of 34 patients with increased intraocular pressure and a GG response who had B12 or B7 antigens developed glaucomatous visual field loss but only two (5%) of 42 similar patients without either antigen had visual field loss. Other factors such as the initial intraocular pressure, the horizontal cup/disk ratio, and family history of glaucoma proved less valuable as prognostic indicators in this series.
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PMID:The prognostic value of HLA-B12 and HLA-B7 antigens in patients with increased intraocular pressure. 99 3

The course of endocrine ophthalmopathy was investigated on the basis of clinical and biochemical parameters and in relation to different therapeutic strategies. A retrospective appraisal was made of 297 patients (44 +/- 14 yr, 249 women) with inclusion of anamnestic and clinical data as well as the results of computer tomography. At the beginning of therapy, 253 patients were hyperthyroid, 36 were euthyroid and eight were hypothyroid. The HLA typing carried out in 89 patients showed the phenotypes B8 and DR3 in 32% and 42% of the cases, respectively. Raised microsomal antibodies were present in 56% of the patients and there were raised thyroglobulin antibodies in 19%. Sixty-three % of the patients received immunosuppressants in the course of therapy: glucocorticoids in all cases, nonsteroid immunosuppressants in 15%. Eight % of the patients were irradiated retrobulbarly. The inflammatory parameters could be favorably affected, whereas eye muscle involvement and bulbar protrusion proved to be more resistant to therapy. In patients with combined immunosuppressant therapy or steroids + retrobulbar radiation, there were unequivocal successes with regard to the proptosis, vision and intraocular pressure. None of the strategies applied constitutes an optimal treatment with regard to the long-term course. Following therapy, there is an improvement of endocrine ophthalmopathy, but not complete healing.
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PMID:Long-term observation of endocrine ophthalmopathy and retrospective appraisal of therapeutic measures. 237 Apr 23

In the Australian Corneal Graft Registry's first 18 months of operation, May 1985 to November 1986, data supplied by 53 surgeons relating to 322 graft recipients have been entered and analysed with respect to: the most common presenting diseases (primarily keratoconus, bullous keratopathy and corneal opacities), risk factors (especially prior sensitisation to HLA antigens, corneal vascularisation, past or present anterior segment inflammation and history of raised intraocular pressure [IOP]), donor and recipient sex, cause of donor death, storage procedures for donor eyes, operative procedures accompanying the grafts themselves, and preliminary indications of overall graft survival by actuarial analysis. It is hoped that the establishment of this Registry will not only reinforce the use of actuarial graft survival analysis as the method of choice for transplantation surgeons wishing to monitor the survival of their patients and grafts, but will also provide a useful service for the Australian ophthalmic community in general.
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PMID:First report of the Australian Corneal Graft Registry. 332 82

Glaucoma is understood as a neurodegenerative disease and intraocular pressure has been regarded as the major risk factors for the optic nerve damages. However, recent studies suggested that several risk factors including autoimmunity are also shown to play important roles in glaucoma. To identify the retinal antigen in glaucoma, we used the serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) approach and quantified IgG antibodies directed against the identified antigens in an ELISA. We identified neurofilament protein and the prevalence of anti-bovine neurofilament light subunit (NF-L) autoantibodies in glaucomatous patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls and patients with other uveitic and optic nerve diseases (P<0.05). In addition, our immunogenetic analysis showed a possible association between HLA-DRB1*1502 allele and the patients positive for anti-NF-L autoantibodies. It suggests that the HLA class II-linked gene may be involved in development of autoimmunity in patients with glaucoma.
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PMID:Autoimmunity against neurofilament protein and its possible association with HLA-DRB1*1502 allele in glaucoma. 1600 81


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