Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0595921 (intraocular pressure)
 11,750 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 68-year-old woman had a marked decrease in visual acuity, increased intraocular pressure, and acute iridocyclitis. She developed a pigmented hypopyon simulating an occult intraocular melanoma. Two anterior chamber paracenteses showed growth of Listeria monocytogenes. The patient received systemic intravenous penicillin, topical fortified gentamicin sulfate drops, and intraocular injections of cephaloridine. On discharge from the hospital after a two-week stay, visual acuity had improved and intraocular pressure had decreased.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis with a black hypopyon. 10 3

Since 1975 the operation of implantation of a scleral strip (10 mm long and 2 mm wide) has been performed on 75 glaucomatous patients. The following variants of surgical technique were used: (1) implantation of an autoscleral strip into the supraciliary space, (2) implantation of an autoscleral strip combined with cyclodialysis and (3) implantation of a homoscleral (cadaver) strip combined with cyclodialysis. The first technique was employed in 12 cases. The intraocular pressure was controlled by surgery alone in only four eyes, though a decrease in the level of the intraocular pressure and an increase in the C-value occurred in each case. No significant difference between the results obtained with the second and the third techniques was found. Of 63 eyes operated on, the intraocular pressure was controlled in 41 eyes (65%) by surgery alone and in 11 other eyes with the help of miotics 3 to 4 weeks after surgery. Follow-up was for a period of from 12 to 23 months in 51 cases. The pressure was under control in 36 eyes (71%) without medication and in 10 more eyes with miotics. The rate of complications was low. Hyphaema appeared in 10 cases and mild iridocyclitis occurred in 11 cases. There was no case of choroidal detachment, persistent hypotony or flat anterior chamber after surgery.
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PMID:Implantation of a scleral strip into the supraciliary space and cyclodialysis in glaucoma. 69 59

The authors present the results of clinical and morphologic analysis of 10 cases with annular iridociliary tumors that occurred within the latest decade. The incidence of this tumor among other intraocular tumors has been 3.7%, that among iridocialiary tumors, 42.8%. In seven of the ten patients the disease manifested by elevation of intraocular pressure, less frequently it manifested by changed color of the iris or acute iridocyclitis. Extrabulbar tumor growth into the scleral conjunctiva was observed in half of the patients, in two of these lymphogenic metastases were detected. The prolonged latent course of the disease impeded in the majority of cases not only timely diagnosis of the intraocular tumor, but of its dissemination as well. Four histologic variants of the tumor growth were distinguished.
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PMID:[The clinico-morphological characteristics of the annular form of iridociliary neoplasms]. 129 95

Experience with the removal of complicated cataract by lensectomy in patients with juvenile chronic iridocyclitis (JCI) has so far been limited. The results of lensectomy were reviewed retrospectively in 131 patients with JCI (187 eyes). The mean follow up period was 5 years 4 months. The main operative complication was accidental loss of lens material into the vitreous cavity. The postoperative complications were glaucoma (23 eyes, 15%), phthisis (14 eyes, 8%), secondary pupillary membranes (11 eyes, 6%), and retinal detachment (six eyes, 3%). The incidence of postoperative phthisis was related to the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) at the time of surgery. Twenty four per cent of hypotonous eyes and 4% of eyes with normal or elevated IOP became phthisical. Visual acuity was improved in 77%, was worse in 13%, and unchanged in 10% of eyes. The main causes of a postoperative visual acuity of 6/60 or less were glaucoma, amblyopia, and phthisis. Lensectomy did not appear to alter the course of uveitis.
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PMID:Lensectomy for complicated cataract in juvenile chronic iridocyclitis. 173 17

The intraocular pressures of a total of 286 eyes of patients with lepromatous and borderline lepromatous leprosy who never had regular ophthalmological care or local eye treatment were measured. The patients were categorised according to the type of leprosy they had, and the eyes were categorised as without or with chronic plastic iridocyclitis. In patients with lepromatous and borderline lepromatous types of leprosy the intraocular pressure was significantly lower in eyes with chronic plastic iridocylitis 10.1 (3.6) mmHg than in both unaffected eyes 11.0 (3.2) mmHg and control eyes 13.5 (2.5) mmHg. It has been shown that chronic plastic iridocyclitis which remains untreated for years results in a lower intraocular pressure than normal.
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PMID:Influence of untreated chronic plastic iridocyclitis on intraocular pressure in leprosy patients. 199 40

Glaucoma is considered to be an uncommon complication of Hansen's disease (leprosy). This study determined the prevalence and characteristics of glaucoma in a large institutionalised leprosy population. All 193 patients currently residing at the Gillis W Long Hansen's Disease Center received a complete ophthalmic examination and review of their records. All had been previously treated with dapsone and/or clofazimine. Based on the strict definition of a recorded intraocular pressure greater than or equal to 22 mm Hg and characteristic optic nerve pathology, 19 patients (10%) were found to have glaucoma. Glaucoma secondary to uveitis was noted in 11 of these patients. These findings suggest that the chronic inflammatory process of Hansen's disease, even when treated, may be followed by secondary glaucoma. We recommend that all patients with Hansen's disease receive regular periodic examinations, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy to detect low-grade iridocyclitis and measurement of intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Glaucoma in Hansen's disease. 203 42

The paper describes results after surgical treatment of patients with initial exfoliative glaucoma in 150 eyes. Of them, sinusotrabeculectomy (STET) was made in 49 eyes, sinusotrabeculotomy (STT)--in 50, a new, proposed by the authors, operation--a "cap peak" sinusotrabeculotomy (CPSTT)--in 66 eyes; the latter excludes direct fistulization of the anterior chamber under the superficial scleral flap. It is noted that CPSTT at initial exfoliative stage of glaucoma leads to a remarkably lower incidence of complications at the time of operation and early postoperative period. Hyphema and anterior chamber emptying were recorded at the time of STET in 22.4% and 16.3%, of STT--in 8.0% and 10.0%, while at the time of CPSTT--only in 3.0% and 1.5%, respectively. Iridocyclitis, flat anterior chamber and detachment of the choroid were observed after STET in 32.6%, 24.5% and 26.5%, after STT--in 22.0%, 14.0% and 16.0%, and after CPSTT--in 6.0%, 4.5% and 1.5%, respectively. In remote terms (3 years after the operations), stabilization of visual acuity and visual field was recorded after STET in 69.3% and 85.7%, after STT--in 82.0% and 90.0%, and after CPSTT--in 87.9% and 92.4%, respectively. Stable normalization of intraocular pressure took place after STET in 93.8%, after STT--in 98.0%, and after CPSTT--in 96.9%. After STET and STT, hypotony was recorded in 28.5% and 18.0%, respectively, and after CPSTT--in none of the cases. The operation of a "cap peak" sinusotrabeculotomy is proposed as an operation of choice for treatment of exfoliative and common open-angle glaucomas in persons above 65 years of age.
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PMID:[Late observations on the effectiveness of a new antiglaucoma operation--"concealed" sinusotrabeculotomy--in initial exfoliative glaucoma]. 228 Sep 43

Nine postkeratoplasty eyes with persistent intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation were treated under an investigational protocol by transscleral YAG cyclocoagulation (TSYCC). All eyes were using the maximally tolerated antiglaucomatous medical therapy. Some eyes also had prior antiglaucomatous surgery, including cyclocryotherapy. All of these eyes were considered poor candidates for filtration. Laser applications were applied in a single session at 32 to 36 equally spaced locations throughout 360 degrees, 2.5 mm posterior to the limbus. The energy employed was between 7 and 10 joules at each site. Total energy varied between 256 and 352 joules per eye. The results and complications associated with this procedure are described in nine eyes with a minimum follow-up of 3 months and a median follow-up of over 6 months. Pressure control was achieved in all eyes. At the energy levels employed, hypotony (IOP less than 3 mm Hg) developed in two of the nine eyes, both of which had prior cyclocryotherapy. IOP was between 5 and 19 mm Hg in the remaining eyes. One of these required further medication (betaxolol) to obtain IOP less than 20 mm Hg, and one other developed a late pressure elevation due to pupillary block. Although these results confirm the efficacy of TSYCC, our outcomes suggest that total energy should be limited to less than 256 joules at the time of initial treatment in order to reduce the incidence of hypotony. Eyes with prior cyclodestructive therapy appear most likely to develop hypotony and should, accordingly, be treated with reduced total energy. Patent iridotomies are required in pseudophakic eyes, as pupillary block can develop due to fibrinous iridocyclitis.
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PMID:Transscleral YAG cyclocoagulation of the ciliary body for persistently high intraocular pressure following penetrating keratoplasty. 266 46

In hypotony, where the intraocular pressure is lower than the episcleral venous pressure, aqueous humour outflow must be via unconventional channels, such as uveoscleral outflow pathways. The level of intraocular pressure will be determined by the rate of aqueous humour production and the facility of unconventional outflow. The facility of unconventional outflow has been shown to be increased in eyes with experimentally-induced hypotony from cyclodialysis, ciliochoroidal detachment, iridocyclitis, or retinal detachment. Aqueous humour production is reduced in eyes with hypotony during the acute phase following cyclodialysis, and in eyes with iridocyclitis or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Chronic cyclodialysis or ciliochoroidal detachment does not lead to reduced aqueous humour production, if unassociated with iridocyclitis. Detachment of the ciliary body in hypotony is often associated with, but does not appear to cause, reduced aqueous humour formation. Apart from treatment of the specific cause of hypotony, reduction of the accompanying inflammatory response is essential for normalisation of aqueous dynamics and intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Ocular hypotony. 309 33

We treated two patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus in whom hyphema and hemorrhagic glaucoma occurred. Case 1 complained of facial skin eruption, and was given intravenous acyclovir for 7 days. Hyphema and high intraocular pressure occurred in the left eye 10 days after the onset of the skin eruption. Case 2 had severe pain and blisters on her face, and was given intravenous acyclovir for 7 days. An intracameral hemorrhage and glaucoma developed in the right eye 15 days after the onset of the skin lesion. Intravenous acyclovir may be necessary for longer than 7-day periods if the iridocyclitis remains.
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PMID:Herpes zoster ophthalmicus complicated by hyphema and hemorrhagic glaucoma. 326 45


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