Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0546837 (esophageal cancer)
 8,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

124 Rhesus monkeys (Macaca Mulatta) were caught in the Taihang Mountain region, a high incidence area of human esophageal cancer in Northern China, in January 1989. Among them, two monkeys died of esophageal carcinoma in 1990. Case 1, a male monkey about 6.5 years old and weighing 14.5 kg, had symptoms of salivation, vomiting and dysphagia in February 1990. The symptoms became gradually more serious and died in March 1990. Postmortem examination revealed a huge tumor in the distal segment of esophagus, causing severe stricture of the organ. The tumor was classified as medullary type and histopathologically diagnosed as a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, with metastases to mediastinum and lymph nodes of right gastric group. Case 2, a female monkey about 11-year-old and weighing 10.0 kg, showed loss of appetite, tiredness, somnolence, coughing and vomiting in September and died in December 1990. Autopsy revealed an annular tumor involving the whole circumference of lower portion of the esophagus. The tumor was of ulcerative type and diagnosed as a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The symptoms and pathological changes of the two monkeys showed high similarity to esophageal cancer in humans. We believe that the present findings would provide important leads for further study to clarify the etiology and pathogenesis of human esophageal cancer in this high incidence area of esophageal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Esophageal cancer in rhesus monkeys from the Taihang Mountain area. A preliminary report]. 130 71

A phase II clinical study of 254-S, a new anticancer platinum complex for gastrointestinal cancers, was conducted by the 254-S Gastrointestinal Cancer Study Group consisting of 16 institutions. 254-S was administered at 100 mg/m2 by intravenous drip infusion. This administration was repeated at 4-week intervals. The cases in which 254-S could be administered at least two times were regarded as complete cases evaluable for tumor response; of 75 cases registered, 53 were complete cases (29 cases with esophageal cancer, 12 with stomach cancer and 12 with colon cancer). As a result, 15 partial responses (PR) were obtained in the 29 patients with esophageal cancer and 1 PR from the 12 patients with stomach cancer, for a 51.7% and 8.3% response rate, respectively. 5 PR (55.6%) were obtained in 9 esophageal cancer patients with prior chemotherapy, including 2 PR in 4 patients previously treated with cisplatin. Major toxic effects observed were hematotoxicity including thrombocytopenia (59.0%), leukopenia (68.9%) and anemia (57.4%) and gastrointestinal toxicity such as nausea and vomiting (63.9%) and anorexia (41.0%); since grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia was observed with an incidence of 27.9%, careful monitoring seems to be required during the treatment with this product. Abnormal parameter changes on renal function included elevations of BUN (18.0%) and serum creatinine (9.8%). Based on these results, it was concluded that 254-S is a useful anticancer agent for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[A phase II clinical study of cis-diammine glycolato platinum, 254-S, for gastrointestinal cancers. 254-S Gastrointestinal Cancer Study Group]. 155 98

Reported is the case of a 58-year-old male who visited our hospital with the chief complaint of anorexia. Diagnosed as having an esophageal cancer, a subtotal esophagectomy was performed including the dissection of the tumor. According to the surgical findings, the tumor was not exposed to the tunica externa and no lymph node metastasis or infiltration to the pleura or a metastasis to the lung or liver was note. On histopathological examination a basal cell carcinoma of esophagus was determined but no squamous epithelium was seen. The carcinoma was the muscular propria, and neither infiltration into the epithelium nor invasion into the vessels was noted. The postoperative progress appeared good, however seven months later the patient died from multiple hepatic metastasis.
 ...
PMID:[A basal cell carcinoma of the esophagus--a case report]. 223 85

Combined chemotherapy with cisplatin was performed in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Two types of administration schedule were used: method I (three-drug combination of cisplatin, bleomycin and methotrexate) and method II (combination of cisplatin, peplomycin and methotrexate). Of 16 cases, 6 (37.5%) showed partial remission. With regard to the method of administration, the response rate for method I was 33%, and that for method II was 43%. Nausea (84%), vomiting (56%), loss of appetite (94%), malaise (75%) and alopecia (25%) were observed as side effects. Nausea and vomiting were ameliorated by use of metoclopramide. In bloodchemistry, anemia (87%), leukopenia (56%), thrombopenia (31%) and increase of BUN (63%) were observed. However, these changes were ameliorated by hydration or blood transfusion. Combined chemotherapy with CDDP should be a more useful future treatment for esophageal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Combined chemotherapy with cisplatin in esophageal cancer]. 244 65

Phase II study of 5'-DFUR was conducted in 195 patients with malignant tumors by the Osaka Chemotherapy Cooperative Study Group. Five CR and 20 PR cases were obtained out 133 evaluable cases and the total response rate was 18.8% (15.8% in gastric, 38.1% in breast) One PR was observed for each of head & neck and esophageal cancer. It was noteworthy that four CR were observed in breast cancer. Adverse reaction was observed in 61 out of 151 cases (40.4%), and major side effects were digestive symptoms such as diarrhea (22.5%), nausea-vomiting (11.9%) and anorexia (10.6%). These results suggest that 5'-DFUR can be useful for the treatment of malignant tumors.
 ...
PMID:[Phase II study of 5'-DFUR (5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine) by the Cooperative Study Group]. 293 1

AT1727 is a derivative of ICRF 154. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its "radiosensitizer" properties. From October 1979 until the end of December 1980, 89 patients with radiation resistant cancers such as soft tissue sarcoma, squamous lung cancer (with large lesion, 6-8 cm diameter) and other cancers had been included in trial. Radiation therapy was carried out using CO60 or 8 Mev Linac. Fifty-five patients had a remarkable objective remission rate of 61.8% (55/89). Eighteen of 30 patients with soft tissue sarcomas obtained obvious remission (60%), and 26 of 38 patients with lung cancer had remission (68.4%). Patients with esophageal cancer (5/6) and nasopharyngeal cancer (5/5) also had good remission rates. The side-effects of this treatment were very mild: anorexia and vomiting were noted in 50% and no significant changes were noted in liver and kidney function tests and blood platelet count. Leucopenia was slight in all but one patient. No difference in the lung fibrosis rate was noted between the two randomized groups. From the results of this study we concluded that AT1727 had some effect as a "radiosensitizer" but much more work is needed to confirm this.
 ...
PMID:Preliminary report on AT1727 as a potential radiosensitizer. 639 23

A clinical study of the combination of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum [II] (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil derivatives was conducted in advanced cancer of the alimentary tract. The regimen consisted of CDDP 50 mg/body/day (day 1-2, continuous infusion), 5-fluorouracil 500-750 mg/body/day (day 2-7, continuous infusion) and UFT 400 mg/day (day 8-28) on 1-3 courses. Thirty patients could be evaluated. The response rate was 25% (2/8) in cases of esophageal cancer, 31% (4/13) in gastric cancer and 33% (3/9) in colorectal cancer, with an overall response rate of 30% (9/30). A comparatively higher response rate was obtained in lymph node metastases (46%) and liver metastases (50%). Anorexia, nausea/vomiting and leukocytopenia were frequently observed, but almost all were well tolerated and recovered except two cases with severe leukocytopenia and nephrotoxicity. Based on these results, this combination chemotherapy seems to be useful for advanced cancer of the alimentary tract.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical efficacy of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum [II] and 5-fluorouracil (UFT) in advanced cancer of the alimentary tract]. 834 32

Medical records have often been found to be less reliable than interviews to patients when data on the initial signs and symptoms of cancer, and the out-of-hospital diagnostic process are sought; in spite of this, a large body of research on "diagnostic delay" in cancer is based on clinical records. As part of a study on delay in neoplasms of the digestive tract we analyzed the agreement on the type and date of the initial symptom between hospital records and a structured personal interview. Records were abstracted for a random sample (N = 60) of 183 patients interviewed. Concordance on the date of the first symptom was deemed to exist if the difference was +/- 30 days. The Kappa index (kappa) and the overall proportion of agreement (with its corresponding 95% confidence interval) were used. Medical records and structured personal interviews were concordant on the type of the first neoplastic symptom in only 61% of cases (kappa = 0.50): 67% in esophagus cancer (kappa = 0.49), 60% in stomach cancer (kappa = 0.52), and 61% in colorectal cancer (kappa = 0.50). Records underestimated the occurrence of anorexia as first symptom and overestimated weight loss and dysphagia. Only 56% of cases were date-concordant, the agreement being lower in colorectal cancer (46%) than in esophageal (67%) and stomach cancer (75%). Records indicated the first symptom to have occurred at a later date than interviews in 33% of cases; overall, a study based on hospital records would have underestimated the symptom to diagnosis interval by 2.2 months per patient. Only 40% of cases were totally (symptom and date) concordant. Marked discrepancies may exist between the information contained in medical records and what patients report during a structured interview. The quality of medical records data on the duration and nature of cancer symptoms should be assessed before its use in etiologic and evaluative research.
 ...
PMID:Disagreement between hospital medical records and a structured patient interview on the type and date of the first symptom in cancers of the digestive tract. 855 51

A phase II study of chemoradiotherapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus was carried out cooperatively by nine Japanese institutions. Forty-five patients with thoracic advanced squamous cell carcinoma, who had T4 tumor or distant lymph node metastasis (M1(LYM)), were enrolled in the study for treatment with cisplatin (70 mg/m2) on days 1 and 36, and 5-fluorouracil infusion (700 mg/m2) on days 1-4 and 36-39 sandwiched around external beam irradiation (60 Gy over 6 weeks). Of the 45 evaluable patients, 37 (84.1%) completed the treatment. The overall response rate was 64.4%, and the complete response rate 8.9%. The median duration of response was 125.0 days for patients who achieved complete and partial response. The 50% median survival time was 215 days. There was one toxicity-related death due to radiation pneumonitis. The major form of toxicity exceeding grade 2 was myelosuppression and anorexia, but grade 4 toxicity was also observed (2 pulmonary, 1 severe hypoxemia, 1 severe cardiac failure and 1 mental disturbance). The results showed that this form of chemoradiotherapy had a satisfactory effect and might be useful for treatment of inoperable advanced esophageal cancer.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of chemoradiotherapy for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus: nine Japanese institutions trial. 889 70

With the aim of assessing the possible benefits of nutritional therapy, 140 patients were prospectively studied during radiotherapy of the head and neck (81%) and esophageal cancer (19%). Mean age was 56.0 (17-80), with 114 males and 26 females. Duration of both nutrition and radiotherapy was 78.0 +/- 45 days. Tube feeding was the primary modality in 50.7% of the population, and oral regimens in the remaining 49.3%, but associations between the methods were also used. Enteral diets were supplied under the supervision of a specialized tem for home alimentation (PROSNED). Compliance to the program was 100%, and a lymphocyte count diminished along this period (1933 +/- 1033 vs 1265 +/- 688, p. 0.001). A subjective improvement was reported by 84% of the population, and total calorie intake, that was below 60% of estimated needs in 100% of the cases initially, significantly improved to just 40% inadequate at the end of the observations. Radiotherapy was associated with mucositis in 21% of the patients, taste changes in 79%, xerostomy in 81%, anorexia in 66% and odinophagia in 59%. In the individuals selected for enteral feeding, side-effects were represented by technical problems (20%) and gastrointestinal disorders (13%). All patients completed the nutritional support program and there was no mortality in this series. It is concluded that; 1) Early nutritional support during radiotherapy was able to maintain or improve the nutritional status; 2) Tube feeding, alone or in combination with oral diets, was indicated whenever appropriate and contributed to fulfillment of the energy requirements; 3) Reduction of total lymphocytes could not be prevented by the mentioned therapy; 4) Complications of enteral alimentation were mild and affected a small proportion of the population; 5) Troubles induced by radiotherapy were as frequent as expected, and tended to disturb the intake of food; 6) The compliance to the therapeutic plan was excellent and can be attributed to the efforts of the multidisciplinary team as well as to the help of the specialized home alimentation unit (PROSNED): Diet therapy. Cancer. Nutritional assessment. Radiotherapy. Nutritional support.
 ...
PMID:[Nutritional assistance to patients during radiotherapy]. 900 33


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>