Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0546837 (esophageal cancer)
 8,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophagus cancer is a heterogeneous disease with considerable differences in malignant behaviour. Some relevant factors for prognosis are known. In this study we analyzed DNA-ploidy as a potential prognostic parameter in esophagus carcinoma. Paraffin embedded histological material from 50 patients with an esophagus cancer, obtained by resection, were selected for analysis. Tumor areas within the paraffin material were identified by HE-stained reference sections. One 50 microns section was dewaxed, rehydrated and mechanically and enzymatically treated to a suspension of 10,000 cells/ml. 1 ml of the suspension, containing bare nuclei with small rests of cytoplasma was centrifuged on glass slides. The fixed nuclei were air-dried and stained by Feulgen-SITS technique, which allows quantitative measurement of DNA. The DNA analysis was carried out with a computer-controlled single cell cytophotometry (Leytas 2, Leitz, Wetzlar). In contrast to the flow cytometry with image cytometry only tumors cells were measured. Overlapping nuclei, dirt and other artefacts as well as inflammatory cells were efficiently eliminated. With the DNA image cytometry we could differentiate between diploid and hypotriploid, hypertriploid aneuploid tumors. Best prognosis had diploid and hypotriploid tumors, the worst hypertriploid carcinomas. In the multivariate analysis the DNA-content of the tumor cells in esophagus cancer was the only prognostic parameter. DNA-content of tumor cells may become considerably clinical relevant in esophagus cancer for the decision to perform a resection or palliative treatment. In patients with hypertriploid tumors an adjuvant oncological therapy may increase the prognosis.
 ...
PMID:[Image analysis of DNA cytometry for assessing prognosis after resection of esophageal cancer]. 165 66

We encountered a case of brain metastasis from asymptomatic esophageal cancer. A 50-year-old man presented with right hemiparesis and bilateral choked discs. The brain CT scan demonstrated ring-like, enhanced tumor with perifocal edema in the left parietal lobe. The chest X-ray showed no abnormalities. The histology of the brain tumor that was totally removed after irradiation, showed a poorly differentiated squamous cancer. By the following study, an esophageal cancer of Borrman II type and 8 cm in length at the middle third segment detected. The histology of biopsy specimen showed findings similar to those of the brain tumor. He was not operated on, and received irradiation and chemotherapy. The esophageal carcinoma was reduced markedly, then he fully recovered in social life taking maintenance therapy for cancer. Seven cases of metastatic brain tumor from esophagus have been reported in literature. Esophagus carcinomas with brain metastasis were situated at the lower third in 6 cases with the exception of one without description, although esophageal carcinomas in general most frequently occur in the middle third. In any of the cases so far reported, no lung tumor was demonstrated by the chest X-ray, so the route of metastasis via vertebral vein system as proposed by Batson (1940) may explain the fact.
 ...
PMID:[Intracerebral metastasis of esophageal carcinoma--a case report and review of literature]. 404 11

Oral cavity. Most carcinomas in situ of the oral cavity present as red or pink lesions that do not have a keratinized surface. Scrapings of such lesions readily disclose abnormal squamous cells diagnostic of cancer. Scrapings of the keratinized white lesions (so-called leukoplakia) are of no diagnostic value. Dentists, who are most likely to uncover precancerous lesions, are apparently not aware of the diagnostic options based on simple scrape smears. The method is also applicable to follow-up of patients with treated cancer of the oral cavity. Esophagus. Cytologic evaluation of esophageal cancer, initially by washings and subsequently by brushings under endoscopic control, is an established method of diagnosis. The diagnostic results are very good in symptomatic cancer patients and have an accuracy reaching 85-90%. Unfortunately the results of treatment of advanced lesions are very poor, with 5-year survival of only about 5%. Serious efforts at detection of early esophageal cancer started in China in the 1960s, using an abrasive balloon technique which was applied to asymptomatic populations in high risk areas such as Linxian in the Henan province of Central China. The Chinese investigators reported the finding of numerous precancerous lesions of the esophagus classified as carcinoma in situ and as dysplasia. Surgical resection of some of the precursor lesions apparently resulted in a significant drop in the rate of invasive carcinoma, although the statistical results were not convincingly presented. The balloon technique has been tested by us and by others in South Africa and in Transkei, confirming its efficacy in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer. Peripheral lung. Sputum and bronchial brush cytology may uncover bronchogenic carcinoma in situ and early invasive cancers located in the primary or secondary bronchi. Small, peripheral lung lesions usually do not shed cells in sputum or brushings, and their discovery is usually based on roentgenologic finding. The identity of such lesions can be confirmed in most cases by a transcutaneous aspiration. Most of the peripheral malignant lesions are small adenocarcinomas or epidermoid carcinomas, both resectable by routine surgical procedures. Less commonly, oat cell carcinomas may be observed and these lesions should not be treated by surgery. Benign lesions such as granulomatous inflammation and fungal infections may also be identified by aspiration techniques. The prognosis of the resectable carcinomas varies with their size and the presence or absence of regional lymph node metastases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Cytologic diagnosis of oral, esophageal, and peripheral lung cancer. 841 10

Two hundred eleven cases, 27.1%, of multiple primary cancers of esophagus and other organs were found in 778 cases of esophageal cancers which were treated in our institution. Among them, double cancer accounted for 92.9%, triple cancer accounted for 6.6% and quadruple cancer for 0.5%. As for the other organ of esophageal double cancer. 59.9% of them were head and neck, 25.1% were stomach, 4.9% were colon and rectum, and remaining included liver, breast, lymphoma lung kidney etc. Head and neck cancers consisted with hypopharynx, tongue, larynx, oral floor and gingiva regarding incidence in its order. For discovering of double cancer in esophagus and other organs, 1. head and neck, stomach, colon and rectum, lung, liver etc. should be investigated preoperatively in the patients of esophageal cancer, 2. Esophagus should be examined preoperatively in the patients of these cancers, 3. Screening of esophageal cancer should be performed in the patients of high risks of esophageal cancer. As for the multiple primary cancer of esophagus and other organs, the balance of treatment should be considered to take the priority of the cancer limiting the prognosis.
 ...
PMID:[Esophageal cancer and multiple primary cancer]. 902 Sep 38

Perforation of esophageal cancer is an unusual complication that most often results from instrumentation. The management of this condition must be individualized on the basis of the patient's condition and the stage of the cancer. For patients who are otherwise well and have localized disease, a standard resection is performed. Stent placement and esophageal exclusion are sometimes used for patients in good condition but in whom resection is not feasible. Supportive care alone is reserved for patients who have end-stage disease or are otherwise not candidates for aggressive therapy. Although the overall mortality rate is 50%, the risk for patients who undergo resection is less than 10%. This risk is similar to that found in patients undergoing elective resection and supports the concept that aggressive therapy should be pursued in highly selected patients with perforated esophageal cancers.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Apr
PMID:Esophageal perforation and caustic injury: management of perforated esophageal cancer. 917 76

We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic findings, treatment and outcome of 22 patients with synchronous or metachronous carcinomas of the esophagus and head and neck. The patients with metachronous cancers in whom esophageal cancer occurred first had either an early-stage esophageal carcinoma or only one positive lymph node. Similarly, five of 10 patients with metachronous cancers in whom head and neck cancer was the first tumor had early-stage esophageal carcinomas. The esophageal lesion was mucosal carcinoma in four patients which was found by endoscopy with the iodine dye method. In the patients with synchronous cancers either one or both carcinomas were advanced, and the prognosis of these patients was poor compared with those of patients with metachronous carcinomas. Accordingly, endoscopic surveillance for early detection of metachronous lesions are encouraged.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Apr
PMID:Synchronous and metachronous carcinomas of the esophagus and head and neck. 917 85

To decide the extent of resection and lymphadenectomy in early esophageal cancer, accurate diagnosis at the preoperative stage is essential. Because in mucosal cancer lymph node metastasis is hardly ever seen, minimal invasive surgery, by endoscopic mucosal resection is indicated. On the other hand, for submucosal cancer lymph node metastasis the rate is as high as 26-45%, therefore, standard resection and systematic lymphadenectomy is indicated, corresponding to that for advanced cancer. In Japan the 5-year survival rate after resection is 98-100% for mucosal cancer and 67-90% for submucosal cancer.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Jul
PMID:Extent of resection and lymphadenectomy in early squamous cell esophageal cancer. 928 72

Between 1980 and 1995, 91 (13.7%) out of 666 patients were determined by pathologic staging to have a superficial squamous-cell esophageal carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus. The male to female ratio was 3.3:1, and the mean age 60 years. Postoperative mortality was 4.3%. The median follow-up was 48 months (range 3-179). Survival was significantly decreased with increased depth of tumour invasion and presence of nodal metastases (P=0.03). Recurrent disease was prevalent in patients with submucosal tumours compared to those with mucosal tumours (P < 0.05). Only intra-epithelial and intramucosal carcinomas deserve the definition of 'early' tumours. Given the relative inaccuracy of current staging modalities and the low morbidity and mortality rates associated with surgical resection, surgery appears to be the mainstay of treatment of superficial squamous-cell esophageal cancer.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Jul
PMID:Prognosis of early squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus after surgical therapy. 928 73

The recognition of Barrett's esophagus as a premalignant condition has led to aggressive endoscopic screening protocols aimed at detecting adenocarcinoma in this organ. This policy has resulted in an increasing number of patients who present with 'early Barrett's cancer'. In the existing literature, very little data address patients with these lesions and, therefore, no consistent definition of early Barrett's cancer currently exists. Additionally, the extent of resection and lymphadenectomy that should be performed is not known. We define early Barrett's cancer as clinical T1N0M0 adenocarcinoma. We perform en bloc esophagectomy with radical lymphadenectomy for these lesions because current data suggest that a more radical operation may improve survival in patients with esophageal cancer. It is also the only way to stage adequately the tumour and is associated with morbidity and mortality rates comparable to less radical, 'standard' resections in experienced hands. Barrett's esophagus is associated with invasive adenocarcinoma in 40% of patients who undergo esophagectomy for the preoperative diagnosis of high-grade dysplasia. The existing literature suggests these lesions may represent the earliest subset of Barrett's cancer and that a standard, less radical resection may suffice for these patients.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Jul
PMID:Extent of resection and lymphadenectomy in early Barrett's cancer. 928 75

Esophagogastric anastomotic leaks are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy. Occult ischemia of the mobilized and partially devascularized gastric fundus is an important cause of esophagogastric leaks. The author hypothesizes that the vascularity of the gastric fundus can be improved, and anastomotic leaks reduced, by a process of ischemic conditioning (delay phenomenon). Laparoscopic partial gastric devascularization could be performed 2-3 weeks before esophagectomy. The gastric fundus would have time to re-establish an abundant blood supply before being mobilized and anastomosed to the esophagus. Since laparoscopic partial devascularization could be done at the time of laparoscopic cancer staging, gastric ischemic conditioning would not necessarily add cost or morbidity to the overall treatment of esophageal cancer. Laboratory and clinical evidence are presented to support this hypothesis.
Dis Esophagus 1997 Jul
PMID:Ischemic conditioning of the stomach may reduce the incidence of esophagogastric anastomotic leaks complicating esophagectomy: a hypothesis. 928 83


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>