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Query: UMLS:C0546837 (esophageal cancer)
 8,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophageal carcinoma is characterized by a widely ranged incidence variation among the different geographic regions. Anyang is a county in Henan Province of North China with the highest prevalence of esophageal carcinoma. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been linked to the etiology of esophageal cancer in this area. In this study, we investigated correlations of the polymorphisms at low molecular weight polypeptide (LMP) and transporters with antigen processing (TAP) genes, with the risk of esophageal carcinoma. DNA extracted from either tumor specimens or esophageal epithelial cells was used to test HPV infection. Peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA was used for LMP/TAP genotyping. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze HPV infection and LMP/TAP gene polymorphisms. The combined effect of LMP/TAP gene polymorphisms and HPV infection on esophageal carcinoma was analyzed by using unconditional logistic regression models. The TAP2 codons 379 isoleucine carriers and LMP7 codons 145 lysine carriers were found to be more susceptible to esophageal carcinoma (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.15-6.49, P = 0.023 for TAP2; OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.09-4.37, P = 0.027 for LMP7). Patients carrying homozygous LMP7/TAP2 haplotype C, which contained the glutamine at LMP7 codons 145 and the isoleucine at TAP2 codons 379, were more prone to develop esophageal carcinoma (OR = 2.96, 95% CI = 1.13-7.81, P = 0.027). An additive effect on the risk of esophageal carcinoma development was found among individuals carrying LMP7/TAP2 haplotype C and infected by HPV (OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 2.53-7.42, P < 0.0001). LMP7/TAP2 haplotype C may act as the risk factor in esophageal carcinoma development and it may influence the tumorigenesis in HPV infected individuals.
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PMID:LMP7/TAP2 gene polymorphisms and HPV infection in esophageal carcinoma patients from a high incidence area in China. 1577 87

Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides (synonym Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon). Fumonisin B1 has acute toxicity and potential carcinogenicity to some animals, causing leukoencephalomalacia in horses, porcine pulmonary edema (PPE) and liver cancer in rats. It was considered to be epidemiologically associated with high incidence of Human Esophageal Cancer (EC) in human. At present, the study on fumonisins has reached molecular levels. 4 clustered and coregulated genes fum1, fum2, fum3 and fum4 associated with Fumonisin biosynthesis were identified through genetics study on Fumonisin producing strains of Fusarium verticillioides. The result of PCR with degenerate primers based on polyketide synthase (PKS) gene proved that fum5 was PKS gene required for fumonisin biosynthesis. Study on molecular biology of Fumonisin producing strains was also performed. Furthermore, transgenic strategies were used for ear mold resistance to Fusarium and reducing Fumonisin contamination in plants, to decrease the hazard to the health of both human and animals, as well as food safety.
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PMID:[Molecular genetics on fumonisin-producing strains of Fusarium verticillioides]. 1595 76

Suppression of ovarian tumor growth by chromosome 3p was demonstrated in a previous study. Deleted in Lung and Esophageal Cancer 1 (DLEC1) on 3p22.3 is a candidate tumor suppressor in lung, esophageal, and renal cancers. The potential involvement of DLEC1 in epithelial ovarian cancer remains unknown. In the present study, DLEC1 downregulation was found in ovarian cancer cell lines and primary ovarian tumors. Focus-expressed DLEC1 in two ovarian cancer cell lines resulted in 41% to 52% inhibition of colony formation. No chromosomal loss of chromosome 3p22.3 in any ovarian cancer cell line or tissue was found. Promoter hypermethylation of DLEC1 was detected in ovarian cancer cell lines with reduced DLEC1 transcripts, whereas methylation was not detected in normal ovarian epithelium and DLEC1-expressing ovarian cancer cell lines. Treatment with demethylating agent enhanced DLEC1 expression in 90% (9 of 10) of ovarian cancer cell lines. DLEC1 promoter methylation was examined in 13 high-grade ovarian tumor tissues with DLEC1 downregulation, in which 54% of the tumors showed DLEC1 methylation. In addition, 80% of ovarian cancer cell lines significantly upregulated DLEC1 transcripts after histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment. Therefore, our results suggested that DLEC1 suppressed the growth of ovarian cancer cells and that its downregulation was closely associated with promoter hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation.
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PMID:Candidate tumor-suppressor gene DLEC1 is frequently downregulated by promoter hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation in human epithelial ovarian cancer. 1675 19

Esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Patients with esophageal cancer have frequently obstruction with dysphagia and they often develop malnutrition. In addition, patients can suffer from chronic aspiration leading to a poor preoperative respiratory status. Thorough preoperative evaluation is essential for assessing the operative risk in the individual patient. Respiratory and cardiac problems are the most common complications and assessment of surgical risk, preoperative performance status, particularly with regard to pulmonary and cardiac risk, is likely to be the most important factor. Clinical findings are more predictive of pulmonary complications than results of testing. Cardiac risk is evaluated according to the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association guidelines. With the identification of risk factors, patients undergoing esophageal surgery could be stratified. Appropriate preoperative risk-reduction strategies can be used to decrease morbidity and mortality rates associated with esophagectomy for cancer.
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PMID:Preoperative anesthetic evaluation and preparation in patients requiring esophageal surgery for cancer. 1679 11

Esophageal carcinoma is often diagnosed at an advanced, non resectable stage. Only early stages show a better prognosis. Surgical treatment represents the gold standard. The various surgical techniques do not seem to affect survival. Based on the severity of esophageal cancer and on poor outcome achievable with surgery alone, multimodality treatments are the most suitable. The possible negative impact on the complication rate after neoadjuvant therapy is still debated. Most randomized trials have not demonstrated as yet an improvement in prognosis in patients undergoing a three-modality treatment. However, patients with complete pathologic response after surgical resection were shown to have a better prognosis. In conclusion, additional randomized trials are required, aimed at evaluating all technical and therapeutic variables which affect prognosis.
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PMID:Neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal cancer: surgical considerations. 1699 74

Deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3 is a common event in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), suggesting that one or more tumor suppressor genes at 3p are involved in this cancer. DLEC1, Deleted in Lung and Esophageal Cancer 1, located at 3p22.2, was recently identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in lung, esophageal, and renal cancers. In this study, we investigated the involvement of DLEC1 in the development of NPC. Down-regulation of DLEC1 and promoter hypermethylation were observed in all NPC cell lines and xenografts but not in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Promoter hypermethylation of DLEC1 was also detected in 30 of 42 (71%) NPC primary tumors. Treatment of NPC cell lines with demethylating agent or histone deacetylase inhibitor resulted in restoration of DLEC1 expression. Overexpression of DLEC suppressed growth and reduced invasiveness of NPC cells. Furthermore, the tumorigenic potential of DLEC1 expressing NPC cells was highly reduced in nude mice. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that silencing of DLEC1 expression by promoter hypermethylation and histone deacetylation may be important in NPC tumorigenesis.
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PMID:Epigenetic inactivation of the deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 1709 70

The relation between 5 classes of flavonoids (flavanones, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones and anthocyanidines) and esophageal cancer was investigated using data from a case-control study conducted between 1992 and 1997 in 3 areas of northern Italy. The study included 304 cases (275 men, 29 women) with a first diagnosis of squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus and 743 controls (593 men, 150 women) with no history of cancer, admitted for acute illnesses, unrelated to tobacco and alcohol consumption, to major hospitals of the areas under surveillance. Dietary habits were investigated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed after allowance for age, sex, study centre, years of education, alcohol drinking, tobacco smoking, body mass index and energy intake. An inverse association emerged between flavanone intake and esophageal cancer risk (OR=0.38 for the highest vs. the lowest quintile, 95% CI=0.23-0.66). The inverse relation between flavanones and esophageal cancer tended to be stronger in those who drank >or=6 drinks/day. In conclusion, this study suggests that flavanone intake is inversely associated with esophageal cancer risk and may account, with vitamin C, for the protective effect of fruit, especially citrus fruit, on esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Flavonoids and risk of squamous cell esophageal cancer. 1719 1

The therapy 5-FU and CDDP with radiation is thought to be the standard therapy for esophageal cancer patients by now. However, the therapy is associated with a comparatively high incidence of gastrointestinal disorders and requires hospitalization. We have proposed a new regimen of Docetaxel and TS-1 with radiation for maintaining of QOL and improving outcome. Step 1 of the clinical phase I/ II study was conducted for 10 cases from May 2004 to March 2006. Treatment could be accomplished in all cases, and no treatment-related deaths or adverse events of grade 4 were observed in any case. As for hematotoxicity, one case had leucopenia of grade 3 and neutropenia of grade 2. As for non-hematotoxic adverse events, anorexia of grade 3 was recognized in one case of level 3. The response rate evaluated by RECIST was 66% (CR in 2 cases, PR in 4 cases), and the rate based on the Guide Lines for the Clinical and Pathologic Studies on Carcinoma of Esophagus by the Japanese Society for Esophageal Cancer was 70% (CR in 3 cases, PR in 4 cases). We assumed that the recommended dosage of TXT was 30 mg/m(2) and that of TS-1 was 60 mg/m(2) with radiotherapy of 60 Gy. This combination therapy may be recommended because of fewer adverse events and a higher responsive rate than the standard therapies. We intend to continue this study to step 2 and 3, and to reveal the response rate and adverse events for more esophageal cancer patients.
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PMID:[A phase I/II study of docetaxel/TS-1 with radiation for esophageal cancer patients--step 1]. 1719 46

Rare histologic variants of esophageal cancer account for about 5% of cases. As its name suggests, polypoid spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus (carcinosarcoma, pseudosarcoma) is comprised of both epithelial and spindle cell elements. The nomenclature reflects both the historical controversy over the lesion's cell of origin as well as its characteristic fungating intraluminal growth pattern. The authors report a case of polypoid spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus that was preoperatively diagnosed as a visceral sarcoma.
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PMID:Polypoid spindle cell carcinoma of the esophagus. 1724 60

Cancer of the esophagus is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Esophageal carcinoma cell lines are useful models to study the biological and genetic alterations in these tumors. An important prerequisite of cell line research is the authenticity of the used cell lines because the mistaken identity of a cell line may lead to invalid conclusions. Estimates indicate that up to 36% of the cell lines are of a different origin or species than supposed. The TE series, established in late 1970s and early 1980s by Nishihira et al. in Japan, is one of the first esophageal cancer cell line series that was used throughout the world. Fourteen TE cell lines were derived from human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and one, TE-7, was derived from a primary esophageal adenocarcinoma. In numerous studies, this TE-7 cell line was used as a model for esophageal adenocarcinoma because it is one of the few esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines existing. We investigated the authenticity of the esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line TE-7 by xenografting, short tandem repeat profiling, mutation analyses, and array-comparative genomic hybridization and showed that cell line TE-7 shared the same genotype as the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines TE-2, TE-3, TE-12, and TE-13. In addition, for more than a decade, independent TE-7 cultures from Japan, United States, United Kingdom, France, and the Netherlands had the same genotype. Examination of the TE-7 cell line xenograft revealed the histology of a squamous cell carcinoma. We conclude that the TE-7 cell line, used in several laboratories throughout the world, is not an adenocarcinoma, but a squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the cell lines TE-2, TE-3, TE-7, TE-12, and TE-13 should be regarded as one single squamous cell carcinoma cell line.
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PMID:Mistaken identity of widely used esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line TE-7. 1780 9


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