Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0546837 (esophageal cancer)
 8,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus is a very rare esophageal cancer. We present a case of verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus, the 14th such case reported. In contrast to the previous cases, our patient had no symptoms and did not have a history of severe or repeated injury of the esophagus. The patient was completely resected by endoscopy and was well after 3 yr of follow-up, without recurrence of the disease.
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PMID:Verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus completely resected by endoscopy. 1076 64

To estimate the effects of consuming hot beverages, including mate (an infusion of the herb Ilex paraguayensis), tea, coffee and coffee with milk, and other food items on esophageal cancer risk, we analyzed data from 830 cases and 1,779 controls participating in a series of 5 hospital-based case-control studies of squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus conducted in high-risk areas of South America. After adjusting for the strong effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption, both heavy mate drinking (>1 l/day) and self-reported very hot mate drinking were significantly associated with esophageal cancer risk in men and women. The magnitude and strength of the association for mate amount and, to a lesser extent, mate temperature were higher for women than men. The joint effects of mate amount and mate temperature were more than multiplicative, following a statistically significant synergistic interaction (p = 0.02) which was particularly evident among heavy drinkers (>1.50 l/day) of very hot mate (odds ratio = 4.14, 95% confidence interval: 2.24-7.67) compared to light drinkers (<0.50 l/day) of cold/warm/hot mate. Consumption of other very hot beverages, such as tea and coffee with milk but not coffee alone, was also significantly associated with an increased risk, in the 2- to 4-fold range. Statistically significant protective associations were identified for high consumption of vegetables, fruits, cereals and tea. In contrast, frequent consumption of meat, animal fats and salt was associated with a moderately increased risk. This pooled analysis adds evidence for a carcinogenic effect of chronic thermal injury in the esophagus induced by the consumption of very hot drinks, including mate. Our study further confirms the protective effect of a dietary pattern characterized by daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and low consumption of meat and animal fats.
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PMID:Influence of mate drinking, hot beverages and diet on esophageal cancer risk in South America. 1105 86

Preoperative concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be highly effective but are often associated with significant rates of morbidity and even mortality. We studied the toxicity of continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and weekly paclitaxel combined with radiotherapy. Patients had histologic proof of local-regional carcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal (GE) junction, a Karnofsky performance status of 70 or greater, and normal liver, renal, and bone marrow functions. Chemotherapy consisted of continuous infusion of 5-FU (300 mg/m2/d) for 5 days a week for 5 weeks, plus paclitaxel (45 mg/m2) given during 3 hours every week for 5 weeks. Based on the tumor location and its resectability, the total dose of concurrent radiation varied between 45 Gy and 50.4 Gy. Nine men and one woman, with a median age of 61 years, were evaluated. One had GE junction cancer, six had distal esophageal cancer, and three had midesophageal cancer. Weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia of grades I and II were noted. The hematologic toxicity was mild. No patients required transfusion. There was no leukopenia or thrombocytopenia. None of the patients was hospitalized during chemoradiation; all patients completed treatment as outpatients. Five patients had subsequent surgical resections: one had a pathologically complete response, and two had a partial response (>90% necrosis). Continuous infusion of 5-FU plus paclitaxel given concurrently with radiotherapy was well tolerated. We plan to study this regimen further in upper gastrointestinal cancers.
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PMID:Pilot study of concurrent 5-fluorouracil/paclitaxel plus radiotherapy in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. 1123 59

Ser326Cys polymorphism in the hOGG1 gene, which is involved in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in oxidatively damaged DNA, has been identified and the variant genotype appears to be related to susceptibility to certain cancers. We investigated the association between Ser326Cys polymorphism and squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus among a Chinese population. hOGG1 gene polymorphism was detected by PCR-based single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing among 201 normal controls and 196 patients with esophageal cancer from Linxian, China, a high-risk area for the disease. The association between this genetic polymorphism and risk of the cancer was examined by a multivariate analysis. We found that the distribution of hOGG1 Ser326Cys genotypes among controls (Ser/Ser, 33.8%; Ser/Cys, 52.8%; and Cys/Cys, 13.4%) was significantly different from that among esophageal cancer cases (39.8%, 38.8% and 21.4%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Homozygosity for the Cys/Cys genotype significantly increased the risk of developing esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma, with the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, sex and smoking being 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-2.6). Although smoking alone also significantly increased esophageal cancer risk in this case-control study (adjusted OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.7-3.9), no significant interaction between smoking and the Cys/Cys genotype was observed in terms of risk. Our results suggest that the hOGG1 326Cys allele might play a role in the carcinogenesis of the esophagus.
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PMID:Ser326Cys polymorphism in hOGG1 gene and risk of esophageal cancer in a Chinese population. 1130 45

We report a rare case of advanced carcinoma and a second primary carcinoma of the esophagus, both of which were successfully cured by chemotherapy and operation at different times. In 1991, a 38-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed with advanced esophageal cancer, which was unresectable because of the bronchial invasion of the tumor. He was given chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP), combined with radiotherapy. During a 4-year follow-up, neither regrowth of the primary tumor nor distant metastasis occurred. In 1995, esophagoscopy demonstrated a lugol-unstained region located 3 cm distal from the area of radiation to the primary lesion shown by esophagography. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen showed the mucosa to be normal. Nevertheless, yearly surveillance by endoscopy and histological examinations showed that the mucosa of the esophagus gradually began to demonstrate mild dysplasia, followed by severe dysplasia; in 1998, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made. Esophagectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. Microscopic examination revealed that there had been pathologic complete response for the original advanced esophageal cancer.
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PMID:A second primary esophageal cancer developing 7 years after chemoradiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer. 1148 Jul 95

The possible antiproliferative potency of human recombinant interferon-beta (hIFN-beta) towards ten human esophageal cancer cell lines was examined in comparison with the activity of the factor towards human malignant melanoma cell lines. The cell growth of esophageal cancer cell lines was inhibited by hIFN-beta in a dose- and time- dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of hIFN-beta on nine cell lines out of ten ranged between 23 to 332 IU/ml of culture medium. The remaining cell line, T.Tn, was less sensitive to the interferon (IC50, 611 IU/ml). Under the same culture conditions, the melanoma cell lines tested differed markedly in their sensitivity to hIFN-beta. When the esophageal cancer cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the presence of a low concentration of hIFN-beta, the effectiveness of 5-FU was markedly enhanced. In particular, the rate of growth inhibition of T.Tn cells was more than the added potencies of 5-FU and hIFN-beta indicating that the interferon is an effective biomodulator of 5-FU. All these data suggest that combination therapy with hIFN-beta and the anticancer drug 5-FU would be beneficial for the treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus.
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PMID:Effects of interferon-beta in combination with 5-fluorouracil on the growth of esophageal cancer cells in vitro. 1184 87

The changing epidemiology of esophageal cancer in developed countries is from squamous cell type to adenocarcinomas arising from Barrett's epithelium and the gastric cardia. This has implications for management of this disease. Earlier diagnosis of cancer from screening high-risk patients with Barrett's esophagus is potentially possible, and mucosal ablation together with acid-suppressive therapies have been investigated to revert Barrett's epithelium in its premalignant stage. When a cancer has developed, the strategies of staging methodology and surgical approaches also differ from those applicable for squamous cell cancers located in more proximal locations of the esophagus. By contrast, in the Asia-Pacific region (with the exceptions of Australia and New Zealand), squamous cell cancers in the middle portion of the esophagus remain the main cell type seen. An overall increase in life expectancy has led to more elderly patients presenting with carcinoma of the esophagus. This is of particular importance when surgical resection is contemplated. Advances in surgical management, multimodality programs, and endoscopic therapies are most marked in recent years. Treatment for patients with esophageal cancer should be individualized. The choice depends on expertise and facilities available, tumor and patient factors, and local economics.
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PMID:Changing disease burden and management issues for esophageal cancer in the Asia-Pacific region. 1198 15

In esophageal cancer, the incidence of lymph node metastasis is much higher than that in gastric or colonic cancer. Lymph node metastasis is frequently found along the recurrent laryngeal nerve and around the gastric cardia. The accuracy rate of preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis is up to 80%, in spite of vigorous diagnostic efforts. In Japan, "esophagectomy with 3-field lymph node dissection through a right thoracotomy" is the standard surgery for advanced esophageal cancer. However, based on the "Comprehensive Registry of Esophageal Cancer in Japan," this standard operation does not prevail nationwide. Although, it is difficult to obtain evidence showing the effects of lymph node dissection for ethical reasons, we must continue accurate lymph node dissection with the best surgical techniques to improve patient survival.
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PMID:[Esophagectomy with lymph node dissection through right thoracotomy]. 1199 22

Esophageal carcinoma is an uncommon malignancy accounting for approximately 7% of gastrointestinal tract cancers and 1% of all cancers. Esophageal cancer still remains one of the most lethal of all cancers. Since a multimodality approach is presently used to treat esophageal cancer, early radiologic diagnosis and accurate tumor staging are essential to direct therapy toward cure or palliation. This article presents a review of radiologic diagnosis and staging of esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Carcinoma of esophagus: radiologic diagnosis and staging. 1204 96

When human esophageal cancer cells were transfected with the human interferon-beta (hIFN-beta) gene entrapped in cationic multilamellar liposomes, the growth of all cancer cells tested was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the hIFN-beta gene entrapped in the liposomes ranged from 16 to 176 ng plasmid DNA/ml culture medium. Among the 10 cell lines examined, NUEC3, NUEC4, TE-3 and WSSC cell lines were highly susceptible to transfection with this gene entrapped in the liposomes. The IC50 values of the hIFN-beta gene entrapped in the liposomes with respect to cell growth were positively-correlated with those of exogenous cytokine hIFN-beta, suggesting that the antiproliferative effect of hIFN-beta gene entrapped in the liposomes can be mainly ascribed to the function of hIFN-beta produced by cells transfected with the gene. Two days after transfection with the liposome-entrapped gene, the concentration of hIFN-beta secreted into the medium was determined. Even though the level of hIFN-beta observed in the medium was lower than that of the IC50 of exogenously added hIFN-beta, the inhibitory potency of the hIFN-beta gene entrapped in the liposomes on the cell growth was remarkable. When the esophageal cancer cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the presence of a low concentration of liposome-entrapped-gene, the rate of growth inhibition of these cells increased over that caused by either 5-FU or hIFN-beta gene entrapped in the liposomes alone. All these data suggest that combination therapy with the hIFN-beta gene entrapped in cationic multilamellar liposomes and the anticancer drug 5-FU would be beneficial for preoperative treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus.
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PMID:Effect of transfection with human interferon-beta gene entrapped in cationic multilamellar liposomes in combination with 5-fluorouracil on the growth of human esophageal cancer cells in vitro. 1216 34


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