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Query: UMLS:C0546837 (esophageal cancer)
 8,907 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus is a very rare esophageal cancer, with only 12 cases reported in the literature. Although this cancer is slow growing and rarely metastasizes, it is associated with a significantly high mortality. Because of the disease's insidious onset and its rarity, diagnosis has often been late, after local invasion has produced significant symptoms. We present the thirteenth reported case of verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus and support resection as the best form of treatment for this disease.
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PMID:Verrucous carcinoma of the esophagus: surgical treatment for an often fatal disease. 803 Aug 18

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and computed tomography (CT) should be used as complementary methods for TNM staging of esophageal cancer. EUS is the most accurate modality for staging primary tumor and mediastinal lymph node metastases. CT should be used to detect infiltration of other mediastinal organs and distant metastases. For esophageal cancer staging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not superior to CT. For detection of cervical lymph node metastases percutaneous ultrasonography is appropriate. In patients with advanced distal carcinoma of the esophagus, hepatic and peritoneal metastases and intraabdominal lymph node infiltration should be ruled out by laparoscopy prior to surgery. The results of preoperative staging are relevant if the management of esophageal cancer comprises not only surgery but also endoscopic mucosectomy, primary palliative procedures, and especially neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Within therapeutic trials the precise staging prior to treatment is essential for analysis of the results. The value of routine postoperative staging during a follow-up program is yet unproved for esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Staging of squamous esophageal cancer: accuracy and value. 809 70

The mutation and expression of Rb gene in human esophageal cancer (EC) were investigated by PCR-direct sequencing and Northern blot hybridization. In PCR amplification analysis, in one of 20 (5%) cases of EC was found to have Rb gene deletion in exon 17 and 21; in one of 6 cases of the adjacent non-tumours tissue was found to have deletion in exon 21. Esophageal carcinoma of human fetus induced by NMBzA had Rb gene deletion in exon 17 and 21 too. In PCR-direct sequencing analysis, four of 10 (40%) EC were found to contain Rb gene mutations in exon 17 and 21. In northern blot analysis, seven of 12 (58.3%) EC exhibited abnormal Rb gene expression, including inactivation in 6 abbreviated expression in one. The results suggest that Rb tumor suppressor gene might play an important role in carcinogenesis of EC. The mechanisms of Rb gene mutation, deletion or abnormal expression related to carcinogenic nitrosamine in the environment need further study.
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PMID:[Mutation and expression of Rb gene in human esophageal cancer]. 820 Feb 76

To examine the histogenesis of esophageal cancer and the pathological relationship between dysplasia and carcinoma of the esophagus, 44 cases of superficial esophageal carcinoma (restricted to within the submucosal layer) who received no pre-operative treatment were reviewed retrospectively. There were 40 dysplastic lesions in 17 cases (38.6%) and epithelial dysplastic lesions were classified into 6 with mild, 17 with moderate and 17 with severe, degrees of dysplasia. Although the continuity of dysplastic lesions with the carcinomatous areas was not frequent (35.0%), it was more often encountered in severe dysplasia than in moderate or mild dysplasia, suggesting some relationship between the severity of dysplasia and carcinoma. In the cases with a dysplastic lesion, multiplicity of squamous cell carcinoma was more frequently seen (p < 0.01), suggesting a multicentric occurrence of dysplastic lesions and carcinomas.
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PMID:Histopathology of early esophageal carcinoma and squamous epithelial dysplasia. 832 86

Esophageal carcinoma is a highly lethal disease with a dismal prognosis. Essential elements in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer are: a high index of suspicion; adequate knowledge of the precancerous conditions; optimal radiological examination; expert endoscopy with multiple biopsies and/or cytology; final staging including endoscopic ultrasonography, CT scan, MRI and, whenever appropriate, laryngo-bronchoscopy and ultrasonography with cytological puncture of cervical lymph nodes. This overview mainly concentrates on X-ray, endoscopy, endosonography and CT scanning. At present the routine use of MRI for preoperative staging cannot be recommended.
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PMID:Modern diagnostic evaluation and preoperative staging of esophageal cancer. 851 41

We report here three cases of squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices. All three patients were men and cigarette smokers, with a mean age of 58.3 +/- 5.0 years. Hepatitis B and C virus infection tests were negative, and alcoholic cirrhosis was present in each patient. The interval between sclerotherapy and the development of carcinoma was 9, 10, and 33 months, in the respective cases. The sclerosant used was 5% ethanolamine oleate with a mean total volume of 51.0 +/- 18.9 ml. While we have no evidence of a direct relationship between sclerotherapy and esophageal cancer, in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who have risk factors for esophageal cancer there may be an acceleration of the potential malignancy, as a result of the chronic inflammation related to sclerotherapy. Such patients should be closely followed, using endoscopy.
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PMID:Development of esophageal cancer after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices: three case reports. 854 46

Unlike mediastinoscopy in lung cancer, there exists no standard minimally invasive test to stage esophageal cancer. If it were possible to obtain exact preoperative staging in esophageal cancer, patients could be separated prospectively to receive neoadjuvant therapy appropriately. We studied the feasibility and efficacy of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic lymph node staging in esophageal cancer. Thoracoscopic staging was performed in 45 patients with biopsy-proven carcinoma of the esophagus. Laparoscopic staging was done in the last 19 patients. Thoracoscopic staging was aborted in three patients because of adhesions. Thoracic lymph node stage was N0 in 39 patients and N1 in three; celiac lymph nodes were normal in 13 and diseased in six. Esophageal resection was performed in 30 patients after thoracoscopic staging; 17 of these underwent laparoscopic staging. Thoracoscopic staging showed N0 lymph node status in 28 patients and N1 in two patients. Two of the 28 patients (7%) with N0 disease were found at resection to have paraesophageal lymph node involvement (N1); thus the disease was understaged by thoracoscopic staging. Thoracoscopic staging was accurate in detecting the presence of diseased thoracic lymph nodes in 28 of 30 cases (93%). Laparoscopic staging detected normal celiac nodes in 12 patients and diseased lymph nodes in five patients. After esophagectomy, the final pathology report in the 12 patients with N0 disease was N0 in 11 and diseased lymph nodes in one patient. Thus laparoscopic staging was accurate in detecting lymph node metastases in 16 of 17 patients (94%). Thoracoscopic and laparoscopic staging are more accurate than existing staging methods. Six of 19 patients in whom laparoscopic staging was used had unsuspected celiac axis lymph node involvement that had been missed by standard noninvasive techniques. One of three patients with thoracic lymph nodes and three of six with celiac lymph nodes were downstaged after preoperative chemotherapy/radiotherapy. The role of thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in staging esophageal cancer should be further evaluated in a multiinstitutional trial.
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PMID:Combined thoracoscopic/laparoscopic staging of esophageal cancer. 861 40

A case of adenocarcinoma developed in the reconstructed gastric tube after esophagectomy was reported. The patient was 66 years old man and he had received subtotal esophagectomy for the carcinoma of the esophagus 11 years previously. The follow-up examination of upper GI series revealed an ulcerative lesion in the lower part of the gastric tube and endoscopic biopsy showed adenocarcinoma. The partial resection of the lower gastric tube with mediansternotomy was performed because of limiting the invasion of the carcinoma. Pathological examination showed that poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells had invaded muscularis propria. The postoperative course was uneventful and he is well without any recurrence 6 months after the operation. A double carcinoma, such as esophageal cancer concomitant gastric cancer is not rare, but a carcinoma of the gastric tube which was substituted for the esophagus is rare. Recently, the incidence of carcinoma of the gastric tube is increasing due to the increasingly long-term survival rate of patients who had esophageal carcinoma. In order to ensure the early detection of a second carcinoma which can minimalize damage from curative resections, follow up examinations should be conducted with the utmost diligence.
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PMID:[A case of gastric cancer developed in the gastric tube 11 years after subtotal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer]. 867 31

We have surveyed a population size of 6633315 from Diseases Surveillance Points (DSP) system in Gansu province for the last eleven years. The annual birth rate was 18.20% with an annual standard mortality rate 545.80/10(5). The annual standard mortality for male and female were 607.53/10(5) and 483.29/10(5) respectively. The major causes of death were Respiratory system diseases, Cardiovascular diseases, Neoplasms, Injuries, Digestive system diseases, Pediatric diseases, Infectious diseases in sequence. In eleven years, there seemed to be a rising trend in the mortalities of following diseases as: Cerebrovascular diseases, Ischemic heart diseases, Rheumatic fever and heart disease, Lung Cancer, Liver Cancer, Cancer of the Esophagus, Intestinal cancer, Cervical cancer, Injury, Congenital abnomalities, to different degrees. However, an obvious descending trend on the morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases was moticed. The average life expectancy was 71.05 years in DSP, with male 69.57 years, and female 72.72 years. Diseases with higher PYLL were Injuries, Neoplasms, Respiratory system diseases and the like. Data suggested not only the prevention andcontrol of infectious diseases, but also the surveillance of injuries and the prevention and control of chronic diseases should be strengthened.
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PMID:[Analysis on the health status of residents from Diseases Surveillance Points in Gansu Province]. 872 58

Oesophageal cancer is the fourth most common tumour in developing countries, comprising mainly squamous cell tumours, although the incidence of adenocarcinoma has increased enormously over the last decades. Surgical resection has long been acknowledged as the mainstay of treatment, and developments in surgical technique are reviewed. The roles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the management of oesophageal cancer remain unclear, especially as the majority of studies to date have been uncontrolled trials. We present an analysis of 601 patients who underwent resection for carcinoma of the oesophagus between 1970 and 1994 in the Department of Clinical Surgery, St James's Hospital, Dublin. The analysis shows clearly that, while peri-operative mortality continues to improve, conventional surgery offers little prospect of cure in the majority of cases. We have therefore embarked upon a prospective controlled trial of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery versus surgery alone in patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell tumours of the oesophagus. Preliminary results indicate that multi-modality treatment may have a valuable role to play in the treatment of carcinoma of the oesophagus.
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PMID:Cancer of the oesophagus. 879 7


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