Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0519030 (Klebsiella)
 21,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The contamination of semiclosed disposable circuits of Healthdyne and Bourns ventilators was studied in a newborn intensive care unit over a 2-year period. A total of 379 fluid samples was obtained from inspiratory and expiratory tubing condensates and traps and from thermal humidifier columns fed with prefilled containers of sterile water. In addition, 100 tryptic soy agar plates were exposed to the exhalation mist of the circuits sampled. With 24-h changes of circuits a 2.5% contamination rate was observed (phase I). In an effort to contain costs, circuits were changed every 48 h (phase II); the concentration of potential pathogens increased to greater than 10(5) CFU/ml with this extension of changing time. Two long-term (15- and 9-month) infants were colonized and intermittently infected, one with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus and the other with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When the protocol was readjusted from 48- to 24-h circuit changes (phase II), the contamination rate decreased; for the two colonized infants (35 circuits, 123 samples) the contamination rate decreased from 19 to 6% (P less than 0.01; chi-square test), and for seven noncolonized infants (59 circuits, 217 samples) the contamination rate decreased from 5 to 0.5% P less than 0.001; (chi-square test). These data suggest that frequent changing of the circuits reduces colonization and cross-infection.
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PMID:Microbiological assessment of 24- and 48-h changes and management of semiclosed circuits from ventilators in a neonatal intensive care unit. 308 50

The effects of single and multiple (5 and 20) 3-h inhalation exposures to aerosols of arsenic trioxide on the pulmonary defense system of mice were investigated. Arsenic trioxide mist was generated from an aqueous solution and dried to produce particulate aerosols of 0.4 micron mass median aerodynamic diameter. Aerosol mass concentration ranged from 125 to 1000 micrograms As/m3. Effects of the exposures were evaluated by determination of changes in susceptibility to experimentally induced streptococcal aerosol infection and in pulmonary bactericidal activity to 35S-labeled Klebsiella pneumoniae. Significant increases in mortality due to the infectious challenge and decreases in bactericidal activity were seen after single 3-h exposures to 270, 500, and 940 micrograms As/m3. Similarly, 5 or 20 multiple 3-h exposures to 500 micrograms As/m3 produced consistently significant increases in mortality and decreases in pulmonary bactericidal activity. At 125 or 250 micrograms As/m3, a decrease in bactericidal activity was seen only after 20 exposures to 250 micrograms/m3. Results from earlier studies with an arsenic-containing copper smelter dust were compared to these data. The possibility of the development of adaptation during multiple exposures to arsenic trioxide is also considered.
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PMID:Effects of arsenic trioxide inhalation exposure on pulmonary antibacterial defenses in mice. 388 25