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Query: UMLS:C0519030 (Klebsiella)
 21,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tests of the PathoTec system intended for express bacteriological diagnosis were checked in comparative experiments with the common biochemical methods. Cultures of the following microbes were used: Schigella, Salmonella, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus. In a number of tests, such as determination of cytochromoxidase, nitrate reduciase, phenylalaninedeaminase, indol, acetoin (for the differentiation of enterobacteria), detection of plasmocoagulation and mannite fermentation (for staphylococci) there was revealed a complete coincidence of the results. However, discrepancies were revealed with three of the reagents tested (for lysine decarboxylase, urease, citrate utilization) with regard to some groups of enterobacteria. The advantages of the PathoTec system consisted in more rapid results, simplicity of procedures, economy of media and ware.
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PMID:[Checking the reliability of the PathoTec biochemical test system for bacterial identification]. 32 64

Cadaverin was more readily incorporated than lysine into arthrobactin from Arthrobacter pascens and into ferrioxamin E from Streptomyces glaucescens. From a racemic mixture only the L-isomer of lysine is incorporated. The L-lysine decarboxylase activity was measured in vivo and in vitro. The enzyme from Arthrobacter pascens is not inducable by lysine and completely repressed by 5.10(-6) M Fe3+. In Klebsiella pneumoniae, the producer of aerobactin, only a very low activity of L-lysine decarboxylase was detected.
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PMID:[Cadaverine is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of arthrobactin and ferrioxamine E (author's transl)]. 35 50

A total of 40 fecal and environmental isolates, including 26 Escherichia coli strains, 9 members of the genus Klebsiella, and 5 members of the genus Enterobacter, were tested by enzyme assay for their endogenous and induced levels of lysine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase when grown in Moeller decarboxylase medium. All of the coliforms examined had measurable lysine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase activities whether or not they were positive in the Moeller test. In general, the Moeller lysine decarboxylase test reflected the inducibility of lysine decarboxylase whereas the Moeller ornithine decarboxylase test did not relect the inducibility of ornithine decarboxylase. Neither test measured the amount of intracellular enzyme; rather, they indicated whether the amount of polyamine liberated was sufficient to raise the pH of the culture medium above 7. Changing the growth conditions (i.e., the concentrations of glucose, lysine, and amino acids other than lysine) greatly influenced the lysine decarboxylase activity in coliforms. The limitations on the interpretation of the Moeller test results are discussed.
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PMID:Limitations of the Moeller lysine and ornithine decarboxylase tests. 37 24

In 1985 the vernacular name Enteric Group 90 was coined for a small group of strains that had been referred to our laboratory as probable strains of Salmonella but did not agglutinate in Salmonella typing antisera. By DNA-DNA hybridization (hydroxyapatite method, 32P), seven strains of Enteric Group 90 were found to be closely related (98 to 100% at 60 degrees C and 94 to 100% at 75 degrees C) to the first strain received (0370-85). The relatedness of Enteric Group 90 to 62 strains of other species of the family Enterobacteriaceae was only 6 to 41%, with the highest values obtained with strains of Salmonella, Kluyvera, Shigella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Citrobacter. We propose a new genus, Trabulsiella, with a single new species, Trabulsiella guamensis, for the highly related group of eight strains formerly known as Enteric Group 90. The type strain is designated ATCC 49490 (CDC 0370-85). T. guamensis strains grew well at 36 degrees C and had positive reactions in the following tests: methyl red, citrate utilization (Simmons) (38% positive at day 1, 88% positive at 2 days), H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, arginine dihydrolase (50% positive at 2 days, 100% positive at 7 days), ornithine decarboxylase, motility, growth in KCN medium, mucate fermentation, acetate utilization, nitrate reduction to nitrite, weak tyrosine hydrolysis (88% positive at 2 days, 100% positive at 7 days), and ONPG (o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside) test. The strains fermented D-glucose with gas production and fermented L-arabinose, cellobiose, D-galactose, D-galacturonate, maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, trehalose, and D-xylose. T. guamensis strains had negative reactions in the following tests: indole production (13% positive), Voges-Proskauer, urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, malonate utilization, lipase (corn oil), DNase, oxidase, pigment production, and acid production from adonitol, D-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, myo-inositol, melibiose, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, raffinose, and sucrose. There were delayed positive reactions for gelatin liquefaction (22 degrees C), which was positive at 12 to 23 days, esculin hydrolysis (13% positive at day 1, 50% positive at 7 days), lactose fermentation (13% positive at 3 to 7 days, 100% positive at 8 to 10 days), glycerol fermentation (88% positive at 7 days), and salicin fermentation (13% positive at day 1, 88% positive at 7 days). All strains were susceptible by the disk diffusion method to colistin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and most strains were susceptible to sulfadiazine (75% susceptible), tetracycline (88%), and carbenicillin (75%). The strains were resistant to penicillin, cephalothin, and ampicillin. The strains were isolated from vacuum cleaner dust (five strains), soil (one strain), and human feces (two strains). Although T. guamensis can occur in human diarrheal stools, there is no evidence that it actually causes diarrhea. Its main interest to clinical microbiologists may be its possible misidentification as a strain Salmonella.
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PMID:Trabulsiella guamensis, a new genus and species of the family Enterobacteriaceae that resembles Salmonella subgroups 4 and 5. 188 44

474 Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca strains isolated from different sources (human clinical material, feces of healthy subjects, sewage) were investigated for phenotypic properties. Characteristics analyzed were cultural activities, antimicrobial susceptibilities and capsule types. Comparison of both species revealed differences in adonitol fermentation and resistance to tetracycline, nalidixic and pipemidic acid. Capsule types 2, 7 and 33 were frequently found in K. pneumoniae, but not in K. oxytoca. On the other hand, K 66 was common in K. oxytoca, but not in K. pneumoniae. With regard to the source of isolation, clinical strains of both species proved to be more resistant to mezlocillin, azlocillin and cephalothin than fecal and sewage strains. Similarly, resistances of K. pneumoniae to cotrimoxazole, nalidixic and pipemidic acid were most frequent in clinical strains. Multiple drug resistances were found most often in clinical isolates. Biochemically, different frequencies of positive reactions for urease, lysine decarboxylase activity and acetoin production were found between the groups. Capsule typing demonstrated K2 and K7 in K. pneumoniae and K55 and K66 in K. oxytoca to be more common in clinical and fecal isolates than in sewage strains. While cultural characteristics did not allow discrimination of strains from different sources, capsule typing indicated clinical isolates to be more phenotypically related to strains from feces than to sewage isolates.
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PMID:Phenotypic properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca isolated from different sources. 220 Apr 23

Gram-nagative organisms were tested with commercially available reagentimpregnated strips (PATHO-TEC). Of the 291 strains, all were tested by using seven paper tests and their conventional counterparts. Excellent correlation was obtained with the oxidase, phenylalanine-deaminase, and Voges-Proskauer tests. Indole tests made on liquid medium cultures also gave complete correlation, but some false-negative results with indole-positive Proteus strains were obtained when growth from solid medium was tested by the strip method. Paper strip urease tests were positive within 2 hr with all Klebsiella and some Serratia, Herellea, and Citrobacter strains as well as with Proteus strains. Approximately 15% of citrate strip test results differed from those of the conventional tests, and reproducibility was poor on retest. The lysine decarboxylase strip test showed a number of discrepancies and posed problems of interpretation and readability. Paper reagent strip methods are simple and convenient and merit further development to increase the specificity of those which depend on pH change up to that achieved with the Voges-Proskauer, oxidase, phenylalanine, and indole methods.
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PMID:Comparative study of the efficacy of seven paper-reagent strips and conventional biochemical tests in identifying gram-negative organisms. 490 7

The Enterotube system was evaluated, in parallel with conventional bacteriological procedures for the identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, by using bacterial strains from a variety of clinical specimens and from stock cultures. Excellent agreement between the two test systems was obtained with the following reactions: hydrogen sulfide, indole, Simmons' citrate, glucose, and lactose. Agreement was not as good (<85%) with the urea, phenylalanine deaminase, and dulcitol reactions. The Enterotube lysine decarboxylase test was unsatisfactory. The Enterotube method will correctly identify strains of the family Enterobacteriaceae approximately 50% of the time; if identification only as Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia group is needed, the method will be correct 85% of the time. On the basis of this evaluation, the Enterotube system appears to be both simple and rapid for the presumptive identification of these bacteria. Because of the limited usefulness of the lysine decarboxylase test, the results obtained by this test system are less reliable than those obtained by conventional methods.
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PMID:Evaluation of the enterotube system for identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. 493 24

The study of 1023 strains, formerly identified as Shigella, has revealed that 67 of these strains belong to Escherichia, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium. Such errors are due to the insufficient use of biochemical tests in the process of identification. To improve Shigella identification, after the evaluation of changes in Olkenitsky's medium of trisaccharide agar the tests for urease activity, citrate and acetate assimilation, lysine decarboxylase, mobility at 22 degrees C, sensitivity to Shigella bacteriophage, oxidase are recommended.
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PMID:[Errors in the bacteriologic diagnosis of dysentery and ways of eliminating them]. 726 16

The algorithm for a new identification system was designed on the basis of colony color and morphology on CHROMagar Orientation medium in conjunction with simple biochemical tests such as indole (IND), lysine decarboxylase (LDC), and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) utilization tests with gram-negative bacilli isolated from urine samples as well as pus, stool, and other clinical specimens by the following colony characteristics, biochemical reactions, and serological results: pinkish to red, IND positive (IND(+)), Escherichia coli; metallic blue, IND(+), LDC(+), and ODC negative (ODC(-)), Klebsiella oxytoca; IND(+), LDC(-), and ODC(+), Citrobacter diversus; IND(+) or IND(-), LDC(-), and ODC(-), Citrobacter freundii; IND(-), LDC(+), and ODC(+), Enterobacter aerogenes; IND(-), LDC(-), and ODC(+), Enterobacter cloacae; IND(-), LDC(+), and ODC(-), Klebsiella pneumoniae; diffuse brown and IND(+), Morganella morganii; IND(-), Proteus mirabilis; aqua blue, Serratia marcescens; bluish green and IND(+), Proteus vulgaris; transparent yellow-green, serology positive, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; clear and serology positive, Salmonella sp.; other colors and reactions, the organism was identified by the full identification methods. The accuracy and cost-effectiveness of this new system were prospectively evaluated. During an 8-month period, a total of 345 specimens yielded one or more gram-negative bacilli. A total of 472 gram-negative bacillus isolates were detected on CHROMagar Orientation medium. For 466 of the isolates (98.7%), no discrepancies in the results were obtained on the basis of the identification algorithm. The cost of identification of gram-negative bacilli during this period was reduced by about 70%. The results of this trial for the differentiation of the most commonly encountered gram-negative pathogens in clinical specimens with the new algorithm were favourable in that it permitted reliable detection and presumptive identification. In addition, this rapid identification system not only significantly reduced costs but it also improved the daily work flow within the clinical microbiology laboratory.
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PMID:Cost-effective and rapid presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli in routine urine, pus, and stool cultures: evaluation of the use of CHROMagar orientation medium in conjunction with simple biochemical tests. 1110

Histidine, lysine, ornithine and tyrosine decarboxylase activities were tested in 79 strains of Enterobacteriaceae (41 of Hafnia alvei, 17 of Serratia liquefaciens, 5 of Enterobacter cloacae, 4 of Citrobacter braakii, 2 of Proteus vulgaris, 2 of Proteus mirabilis, 2 of Providencia stuartii, 2 of Klebsiella terrigena, 1 of Rahnella aquatilis, 1 of Salmonella arizonae, 1 of Citrobacter youngae and 1 of Escherichia coli) isolated from Botillo, a Spanish traditional sausage. In general, the strains were positive for all four activities, with the exception of two strains of H. alvei and the E. coli strain, which did not display histidine decarboxylase activity. The strains of P. mirabilis and P. stuartii did not exhibit any of the four activities tested. Accumulation of putrescine and cadaverine was studied throughout growth of the 75 strains that displayed ornithine and lysine decarboxylase activities. Biogenic amines were produced particularly in the exponential phase, with maximum accumulation occurring after between 12 to 72 h, depending on the biogenic amine and microbial species considered. Maximum accumulation of putrescine varied greatly between species and within the same species, and ranged from 18 mg/l in the R. aquatilis strain to 7325 mg/l in a H. alvei strain. Maximum accumulation of cadaverine varied less than that of putrescine, and ranged from 30 mg/l in the R. aquatilis strain to 1935 mg/l in a S. liquefaciens strain.
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PMID:Production of biogenic amines "in vitro" in relation to the growth phase by Enterobacteriaceae species isolated from traditional sausages. 2067 14


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