Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0519030 (Klebsiella)
 21,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pefloxacin is a new methyl-4-piperazinyl quinolone. It had MIC90 values of less than 0.01 to 0.8 micrograms/ml for the majority of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, oxytoca, Citrobacter, Providencia, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganella and Proteus mirabilis. It inhibited ampicillin, cephalexin and nalidixic acid resistant isolates of these species. Against Pseudomonas the pefloxacin MIC90 was 3.1 micrograms/ml. Staphylococcus aureus had a MIC50 of 0.4 micrograms/ml and a MIC90 of 0.8 micrograms/ml and S. faecalis had a MIC90 of 3.1 micrograms/ml. Pefloxacin inhibited Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., Yersinia, Aeromonas, toxigenic E. coli at concentrations of less than 0.05 to 1.6 micrograms/ml, including ampicillin and trimethoprim resistant strains. There was a minimal difference in MIC and MBC values in broth or serum, but major changes in MIC and MBC values occurred in acid urine. Increase in MIC values occurred with repeated transfer in broth or urine.
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PMID:In vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to that of quinolones and other antimicrobial agents. 624 47

Bacteriological evaluation was made on cefotiam (CTM), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, and the following results wer obtained. 1) CTM has shown very potent antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda, Citrobacter intermedius, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus rettgeri, Proteus inconstans, Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Pseudomonas putrefaciens. 2) Streptococcus faecalis, Enterobacter and Proteus morganii isolated from urine, Serratia and glucose non fermentative Gram-negative bacilli except Pseudomonas putrefaciens, were almost insusceptible to cefotiam.
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PMID:[Antibacterial activities of cefotiam against various pathogens isolated from clinical materials (author's transl)]. 628 18

Reiter syndrome occurs as a reaction to various infections, either by intracellular microorganisms (Chlamydia, Mlycoplasma) or by intestinal bacteria (dysenteric bacilli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Klebsiella, Yersinia). Four personal observations of Reiter syndrome following yersinial infections (Yersinia enterocolitis in two cases and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the two other cases) are reported. Data concerning the yersinial etiology of Reiter syndrome are reviewed.
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PMID:[Etiologic aspects of Reiter syndrome. Role of yersinial infections (author's transl)]. 628 3

The activity of cefotaxime was compared with that of ampicillin, moxalactam, and cefoperozone against 50 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and with that of ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefazolin, and several other established and investigational beta-lactam antibiotics against several hundred isolates of gram-negative aerobic enteric bacilli. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of the drugs were determined by the agar plate dilution technique for H. influenzae and by the microtiter broth dilution technique for the other pathogens. Cefotaxime was the most active agent against H. influenzae; it was 20 times more active than ampicillin. It was also the most active agent against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, nontyphoid Salmonella species, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Cefotaxime was among the most active agents against Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter species, Shigella species, Proteus mirabilis, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. None of the new cephalosporins or penicillin inhibited greater than 90% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentrations of less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml; these drugs were, however, more active than carbenicillin.
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PMID:Comparative activity of cefotaxime and selected beta-lactam antibiotics against Haemophilus influenzae and aerobic gram-negative bacilli. 629 90

In vitro Evaluation of BRL 17421 (Temocillin), a New Penicillin. The in vitro antibacterial activity of BRL 17421 (temocillin), a new penicillin, was determined in quantitative serial broth dilution tests and was compared to that of mezlocillin, piperacillin, cefazolin and cefotaxime against 751 clinical isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae family. In addition, the sensitivity of 211 mezlocillin-resistant gram-negative rods to BRL 17421 was also determined. Temocillin exhibited a high level of antibacterial activity against various bacterial species of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including isolates resistant to mezlocillin. The 90% MICs against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp. and indole-negative and indole-positive Proteus strains ranged from 0.5 mg/l to 16 mg/l. Concentrations of 16 mg/l were required to inhibit 80% of the Serratia marcescens strains; some isolates were resistant. No significant difference between MIC and MBC values was observed.
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PMID:[Microbiological studies with the new penicillin BRL 17421 (temocillin)]. 630 7

Reactive arthritis is arthritis in which, although the nature of the responsible infection is known or suspected upon serological grounds, attempts at recovering the pathogen from the synovial fluid have failed. One of the main pathogenetic problems is the multiplicity of etiologic agents. Some are exogenous and may be related to the articular tropism of certain microorganisms, to immunologic depression due to an antecedent or coincident infection, and to successive reinfections by the same pathogen or by others which may promote an exacerbation of the disease. Others are endogenous and attention should be given to the local or systemic presence of an antigen as well as, in some instances, to the persistence of residual forms of infecting agents, which are more readily demonstrated with current bacteriological and serological methods. Although reactive arthritis is to be distinguished from septic arthritis, it can no longer be clearly differentiated from the classical post-infectious rheumatism. Once it has been produced, the antigenic stimulation is responsible for an immunologic response which tends to check systemic extension but may also produce tissue damage in the host. Some patients have circulating immune complexes which may bind to the joint, thereby damaging it. In other patients, particularly those who are HLA B27 positive, host-pathogen cross-reactions are demonstrated. Actually, the most frequent pathogenetic sequence seems to be a combination of two or more of these mechanisms, as there are reasons to believe that presence of the pathogen in situ is not required for the persistence of the inflammatory process. Reactive arthritis was first reported in adults following either sexually transmitted urethritis due to chlamydiae, mycoplasma or gonococci, or hepatitis B or an intestinal infection due to Yersinia, Campylobacter, Shigella, Klebsiella or Salmonella. Later, it was described in pediatric patients, particularly in Scandinavia where, for genetic reasons, the HLA B27 group is prevailing. Reactive arthritis seems less frequent in caucasian ethnic groups and above all in Latin Americans among whom HLA B27 carriers are more uncommon; however, it must be pointed out that they have not been as extensively studied and that other etiologic factors may still remain to be discovered. The course and etiology of the different forms of arthritis share certain characteristics which have been determined through a better knowledge of these conditions: onset occurs one or several weeks after a respiratory, urinary or, most often in children, digestive infection. This episode is unremarkable or latent and often overlooked.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Reactive arthritis in children]. 632 Apr 36

The recently updated MS-2 Bacterial Identification system software (Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostic Division, Irving, Tex.) was compared with the original MS-2 Bacterial Identification software and the API 20E, using 968 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. The updated MS-2 software correctly identified 94.4% of the isolates tested. API 20E and the original MS-2 software correctly identified 91 and 85.3% of the strains, respectively. MS-2 responses were considered to be equivocal (needing additional tests for verification) if the percent likelihood values were less than 80%. The percentage of equivocal responses was reduced from 6.5% with the original software to 2.2% with the updated software, and the percentage of incorrect identifications was reduced from 8.2 to 3.4% with the original and updated software, respectively. Organisms belonging to 25 taxonomic groups were tested. Direct comparison of the two MS-2 programs showed that the updated MS-2 software increased the identification accuracy of Salmonella spp., Enterobacter cloacae, Providencia stuartii, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. A decrease in accuracy was seen with Citrobacter freundii, Hafnia alvei, Enterobacter agglomerans, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis when the updated software was used. The remaining 12 taxonomic groups were not affected by the software changes. The updated MS-2 software appears to significantly improve the identification accuracy of the MS-2 Bacterial Identification system.
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PMID:Evaluation of the updated MS-2 Bacterial Identification system in comparison with the API 20E system. 635 Mar 42

The frequency of attachment of certain members of the Enterobacteriaceae implicated in arthritis to buccal epithelial cells from patients with post-Yersinia reactive arthritis, Yersinia enteritis and from healthy controls was examined using a fluorescent labelling technique. Klebsiella K43 bound significantly more frequently to cells from reactive arthritis patients compared healthy controls (2 p less than 0.05) and after incubation overnight at 37 degrees C this binding increased still further. In addition, under these conditions Escherichia coli bound more frequently to arthritis cells as compared with controls (2 p less than 0.01). Upon examination for the presence of HLA B27. Yersinia 03 was found to bind significantly more frequently to B27 positive reactive arthritis patients compared with B27 negative individuals when the bacteria and cells were incubated overnight at 37 degrees C (2 p less than 0.01).
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PMID:The attachment of certain gram negative bacteria to buccal epithelial cells from patients with Yersinia arthritis. 639 60

The persistence of lymphocyte transformation response to Yersinia was studied three to six years after Yersinia infection in subjects who had or had not suffered from reactive arthritis. In persons who had had arthritis, significantly weaker response to Yersinia was found than in those who had recovered without developing arthritis. The same held true also for the response to Klebsiella. These results support and extend our earlier observations of a depressed lymphocyte transformation response to Yersinia during the course of Yersinia arthritis. This phenomenon may be linked to the individual's susceptibility to arthritic complications after Yersinia infection.
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PMID:In vitro lymphoproliferative response to Yersinia: depressed response in arthritic patients years after Yersinia infection. 639 62

The frequency of attachment of postulated arthritogenic bacteria to lymphocytes from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and from healthy controls was examined using a fluorescent labelling technique. No significant differences in attachment frequency were seen with the arthritogenic or control bacterial strains between the patient and control groups using an "immediate" rosette assay. However, after overnight incubation at 37 degrees C, Klebsiella K43 and Escherichia coli bound significantly more frequently to lymphocytes when compared with rosettes examined without prior incubation. With this modified bacterial attachment test cells from patients with AS bound significantly more Klebsiella K43 and E. coli than did the cells from controls (2 p less than 0.05 and 2 p less than 0.001 respectively). No differences in binding were seen with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 03. These results discount the idea of a specific receptor for arthritogenic bacteria being present on the surface of lymphocytes from AS patients.
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PMID:The binding to human lymphocytes of arthritogenic and non-arthritogenic bacteria. 639 61


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